ORCHIDACEAE - China

EPIDENDROIDEAE 5033. Ascocentrum pumilum (Hayata) Schlechter, Repert. Spec.Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 285. 1919.尖 叶 鸟 舌 兰 jian ye niao she lanSaccolabium pumilum Hayata, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 20: 77.1906; Ascolabium pumilum (Hayata) S. S. Ying.Stems erect, 1.5–2 cm, 2–3 mm in diam., usually with 5–7leaves. Leaves distichous; leaf blade green or sometimesbrownish green, terete, 3–8 cm × 1.5–3 mm, fleshy, channeledabove. Inflorescence axillary, erect, to 4 cm, 3–10-flowered;peduncle and rachis slender; floral bracts lanceolate or ovatelanceolate,3.5–5 mm, membranous. Flowers small, not openingwidely, pink, lip lateral lobes yellowish, spur greenish, tingedwith purple, column red; pedicel and ovary 6–10 mm. Sepalsand petals similar, oblong-lanceolate, 4–7 × 2–3 mm, obtuse;lip spurred, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, yellowish, suborbicular,ca. 1 mm; mid-lobe ovate, 4–5 × 3–4 mm, acute or apiculate;spur nearly parallel to ovary, straight, cylindric, 5–6 × ca. 0.5mm. Column ca. 2 mm. Fl. Dec–Feb. 2n = 38*.● Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests;1000–2000 m. Taiwan.188. PENKIMIA Phukan & Odyuo, Orchid Rev. 114: 330. 2006.Chenorchis Z. J. Liu, K. W. Liu & L. J. Chen.心 启 兰 属 xin qi lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, epiphytic, monopodial, small. Stems rather short, enclosed in leaf sheaths, rooting near base. Leaves many, distichous,subterete and channeled above, jointed and sheathing at base. Inflorescence from basal portion of stem, racemose, many flowered.Flowers small. Sepals and petals somewhat similar; lip adnate to base of column, immobile, 3-lobed, spurred; lateral lobes from bothlower sides of mid-lobe; spur cylindric, unornamented inside. Column short, footless; rostellum large, subsquare, conspicuouslybroader than column; pollinia 2, waxy, each with a distinct caudicle attached to subterminal portion of a common linear stipe; viscidiumsubelliptic, slightly broader than stipe.One species: China, NE India.Penkimia may be related to Ascocentrum and Holcoglossum. Chenorchis singchii was described as a new genus and species by Liu et al. (ActaEcol. Sin. 28: 2433–2444. Jun 2008). Its holotype (Yunnan: Tengchong, Wuhe, 1650 m, 16 Feb 2008, Z. J. Liu 3862, NOCC) is from the same area asthe first Chinese gathering of P. nagalandensis (Yunnan: Tengchong, Wuhe, 2000 m, 15 Mar 2007, X. H. Jin 8923, PE) reported five months after thepublication of Chenorchis by Jin and Fan (Acta Bot. Yunnan. 30: 531–532. Oct 2008). Penkimia was described as a new genus in 2006 and thereforehas priority.1. Penkimia nagalandensis Phukan & Odyuo, Orchid Rev.114: 331. 2006.心 启 兰 xin qi lanChenorchis singchii Z. J. Liu, K. W. Liu & L. J. Chen.Stems erect or ascending, 2–2.5 cm × 3–4 mm, with 2–6leaves. Leaves fleshy; blade 2–18 cm × 2.5–3.5 mm. Inflorescences1 or 2, arching or pendulous, 3–4.5 cm, with 2–10flowers; rachis clavate, 2–3 mm thick; floral bracts ovate, 2.5–3mm, membranous. Flowers purple-red, tinged with yellowish orpale yellow, not fully opening; pedicel and ovary 6–8 mm.Sepals and petals suboblong to ovate-elliptic, 2.5–3.5 × 1.2–1.7mm, petals slightly smaller than sepals; lip 3-lobed; laterallobes ovate-elliptic, 1.7–2 × 0.9–1.1 mm; mid-lobe orbicular,concave, 2–2.5 mm, emarginate at apex; spur cylindric, 2–2.3mm, parallel to ovary, slightly curved toward end. Column ca. 1mm; rostellum ca. 1.4 mm wide; pollinia subglobose; caudiclesvery short; stipe ca. 1.3 mm. Fl. Feb–Mar.Epiphytic on tree trunks or branches in broad-leaved forests;1600–2000 m. W Yunnan (Tengchong: Gaoligong Shan) [NE India(Assam)].189. MICROTATORCHIS Schlechter in K. Schumann & Lauterbach, Nachtr. Fl. Schutzgeb.Südsee, 224. 1905.拟 蜘 蛛 兰 属 ni zhi zhu lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, small, monopodial, epiphytic herbs similar in habit to Taeniophyllum. Roots photosynthetic, usually well developed,radiately spreading, stout. Stems very short. Leaves distichous, small, few, basal, articulate to sheath, sometimes absent or onlypresent in growing season. Inflorescences lateral, racemose, gradually elongating; peduncle and rachis narrowly winged; pedunclewith many foliaceous persistent sterile bracts; rachis angled, several flowered; floral bracts persistent, alternate, distichous; sterileand floral bracts usually with stipulelike appendages on both sides decurrent to form wings on peduncle and rachis. Flowers verysmall, not opening widely. Sepals and petals similar, fused at base forming a short tube; lip entire or 3-lobed, with a subapicalintrorse bristlelike appendage, base with a short, saccate spur. Column short, footless; pollinia 2, waxy, globose, entire, attached by acommon stipe to a large viscidium.