ORCHIDACEAE - China

EPIDENDROIDEAE 315One highly variable species: from Nepal, NE and S India, and Bhutan, through S China, to SE Asia and S Japan, introduced and naturalized inthe Pacific islands and the Neotropics.1. Arundina graminifolia (D. Don) Hochreutiner, Bull. NewYork Bot. Gard. 6: 270. 1910.竹 叶 兰 zhu ye lanBletia graminifolia D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 29. 1825;Arundina bambusifolia Lindley; A. chinensis Blume; A. chinensisvar. major S. Y. Hu; A. graminifolia var. chinensis(Blume) S. S. Ying; A. stenopetala Gagnepain.Plants 40–100(–150) cm tall. Stem rigid, enclosed by leafsheaths. Leaves numerous, 8–20 × 1–2 cm, leathery or papery,apex acuminate; sheaths 2–4 cm. Inflorescence 2–20 cm, racemoseor 1- or 2-branched at base and paniculate, 2–10-flowered,flowers opening in succession; floral bracts broadly ovatetriangular,3–5 mm, sheathing at base. Flowers white or pink,sometimes slightly tinged with purple; pedicel and ovary 1.5–3cm. Sepals narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 25–40 × 7–9 mm. Petals ovate-elliptic, 25–40 × 13–15 mm; lip 25–40 × 12–24 mm, apical margin undulate; lateral lobes incurved,embracing column, rounded; mid-lobe subsquare, 8–16 × 10–16 mm, apex shallowly divided; disk with 3 (rarely 5) lamellae.Column slightly arcuate, 20–25 mm. Capsule 28–35 × 8–15mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Nov, sometimes Jan–Apr. 2n = 32, 38, 40,42.Grassy slopes, streamsides, thickets, forests; 400–2800 m. N Fujian,Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, Jiangxi, S Sichuan,Taiwan, SE Xizang, W to SE Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia,India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka,Thailand, Vietnam].Reviewer L. Averyanov notes that Arundina caespitosa Averyanov(Taiwania 52: 289. 2007), described from Vietnam, is a distinctspecies and occurs in S China. However, the present authors prefer totreat all Chinese Arundina under a broad delimitation of A. graminifolia.108. THUNIA H. G. Reichenbach, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 764. 1852.笋 兰 属 sun lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, terrestrial or epiphytic, usually rather large and tall, lacking pseudobulbs. Rhizome short, thick. Stems fasciculate, erect,biennial, simple, sheathed below and leafy above. Leaves distichous, sessile below, often thinly textured. Inflorescence terminal,borne on young leafy shoots, racemose, arching or pendulous, several flowered; floral bracts persistent, spathelike, large. Flowersshort-lived, large, showy. Sepals and petals subsimilar, free. Petals often slightly narrower and smaller than sepals; lip entire,embracing column, spurred, fringed on front margin; disk with 5–7 lamellae or fringes; spur short, obtuse. Column slender, subtereteat apex, 2-winged, footless; rostellum ± 3-lobed; stigma concave; anther cap terminal, incumbent; pollinia 4, 2-lobed, without a conspicuouscaudicle, commonly attached to sticky substance.About six species: SE Asia and Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal; one species in China.1. Thunia alba (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach, Bot. Zeitung(Berlin) 10: 764. 1852.笋 兰 sun lanPhaius albus Lindley in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 85.1831; P. marshallianus (H. G. Reichenbach) N. E. Brown;Thunia marshalliana H. G. Reichenbach.Plants, terrestrial or epiphytic. Stem erect, terete, 30–100cm tall, somewhat stout, usually with ca. 10 leaves, base withseveral amplexicaul sheaths, completely enclosed in leafsheaths. Leaf blade narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate,10–20 × 2.5–5 cm, papery or herbaceous, apex acuminateor long acuminate, with amplexicaul sheaths at base,articulate; sheaths persistent, tubular, 2–4 cm, becoming scarious.Rachis 4–10 cm, 2–7-flowered; floral bracts persistent,broadly elliptic to elliptic, cymbiform, large, 3–5 cm, papery.Flowers large, white, lip yellow [or white] and with orange orchestnut spots and stripes; pedicel and ovary 2.5–3 cm. Sepalsnarrowly oblong, 4–5 × ca. 1.5 cm, apex acuminate. Petalssimilar to sepals in size, slightly narrower; lip broadly ovate-oblongor broadly oblong-pandurate, 4–5 × 2.5–3 cm, irregularlyfimbriate or erose, simple, apical margin crisped; disk with 5–9shortly dentate-fimbriate ridges; spur cylindric, ca. 1 cm × 3–3.5 mm, apex obtuse. Column ca. 2 cm. Capsule ellipsoid, ca. 4× 2 cm. Fl. Jun. 2n = 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 80.Lithophytic on rocks or epiphytic on lower branches of trees inforests or in shaded and rocky places; 1200–2300 m. SW Sichuan, SEXizang, S, SE, and W Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia, Malaysia,Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].The Chinese material belongs to Thunia alba var. alba; T. albavar. bracteata (Roxburgh) N. Pearce & P. J. Cribb, from Bhutan, NE India,and Nepal, is distinguished by the lack of a yellow patch on the lip.109. COELOGYNE Lindley, Coll. Bot. ad t. 33. 1821 [“Caelogyne”].贝 母 兰 属 bei mu lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Dudley ClaytonHerbs, epiphytic. Rhizome creeping or ± pendulous, usually with rather dense nodes. Pseudobulbs distant or close, ovoid tocylindric, usually covered with leathery sheaths, usually with 2 leaves at apex but sometimes with only 1 leaf. Leaf blade often ob-