ORCHIDACEAE - China

470EPIDENDROIDEAEEpiphytic on branches at forest margins along rivers or valleys;900–1000 m. N Fujian, N Guangdong, NE Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, NTaiwan [Japan].13. Thrixspermum amplexicaule (Blume) H. G. Reichenbach,Xenia Orchid. 2: 121. 1868.抱 茎 白 点 兰 bao jing bai dian lanDendrocolla amplexicaulis Blume, Bijdr. 288. 1825.Stems slightly compressed trigonous, ca. 35 cm, ca. 2 mmin diam., slender, with many nodes, internodes ca. 2 cm, eachnode bearing an aerial root. Leaves well spaced, ovate-lanceolate,2–2.5 × ca. 0.7 cm, thinly textured, base cordate and amplexicaul,apex acute and minutely bilobed. Inflorescence 30–35 cm, more than 10 × as long as leaves, slender, many flowered;floral bracts persistent, distichous, 2–3 mm apart fromeach other, 3–4 mm. Flowers opening 1 or 2 at a time andlasting a day only, white or lilac-pink, to 3.5 cm in diam., columnwhite; pedicel and ovary 7–8 mm. Sepals ovate, ca. 17 ×11 mm, rather concave, obtuse. Petals slightly shorter and narrower;lip saccate, shorter than petals; lateral lobes erect, small,acute; mid-lobe fleshy, obtuse; sac ca. 6 mm deep, with a smallyellow callus inside and a band of orange hairs below it. Columnvery much flattened, ca. 2.7 mm. Capsule cylindric, 7–8cm × ca. 5 mm, slender.Lithophytic on rocks near the sea; sea level to 100 m. E Hainan[India (Andaman Islands), Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines,Thailand, Vietnam; Pacific islands (Solomon Islands)].14. Thrixspermum centipeda Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 520.1790.白 点 兰 bai dian lanAerides arachnites (Blume) Lindley; Dendrobium auriferumLindley; Dendrocolla arachnites Blume; Sarcochilusarachnites (Blume) H. G. Reichenbach; S. aurifer (Lindley) H.G. Reichenbach; S. centipeda (Loureiro) Náves; S. hainanensisRolfe; Thrixspermum arachnites (Blume) H. G. Reichenbach; T.auriferum (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach; T. hainanense (Rolfe)Schlechter.Stems ascending or pendulous, ± compressed terete, to 20cm, stout, rigid, with many nodes, internodes 1–1.5 cm. Leavesmany, oblong, 6–24 × 1–2.5 cm, slightly fleshy, base narrowed,apex obtuse and unequally bilobed. Inflorescences often several,solitary or in pairs, opposite to leaves, spreading or ascending,longer or shorter than leaves, few flowered; pedunclecompressed, often narrowly winged; floral bracts persistent,densely spaced, 1–2 mm apart from each other, distichous, conduplicate,ca. 6 mm, fleshy. Flowers white or creamy yellow,turning yellow later, not opening widely, lasting almost 3 days,thickly textured; pedicel and ovary white, ca. 7 mm. Sepalsnarrowly falcate-lanceolate, 3–4.5 × 0.3–0.5 cm, long acuminate;lateral sepals slightly wider at base. Petals narrowly falcate-lanceolate,slightly smaller than sepals; lip shallowly saccateat base, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, subovate, 2–3 mm,obtuse; mid-lobe spreading, ca. 5 mm, thickly fleshy, conduplicateand narrowly conic in outline, obtuse; disk with a centralcallus. Column 1.5–2 mm, stout, foot very short. Fl. Jun–Jul. 2n= 38.Epiphytic on tree trunks in forests; 100–1200 m. Guangxi, Hainan,Hong Kong, S and SE Yunnan [Cambodia, NE India, Indonesia,Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].169. CHILOSCHISTA Lindley, Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 18: ad t. 1522. 1832.异 型 兰 属 yi xing lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, epiphytic or lithophytic, monopodial, usually stemless and leafless. Roots green, photosynthetic, flat, scabrid. Inflorescenceoften pendulous, racemose, hairy or glabrous. Flowers ephemeral. Sepals and petals subequal; lateral sepals and petals oftenadnate to column foot. Lip ± clawed, hinged to apex of column foot, pouched or spurred, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, large; mid-lobesmall; disk with a fingerlike callus, hirsute-pubescent. Column subterete, short, foot long; clinandrium shallow; stigma deep-set; rostellumdeflexed, bifid; anther cap with 2 long filiform setae; pollinia 4, in 2 closely appressed, unequal, sessile pairs; stipe sublinear.About ten species: from the Indian subcontinent through SE Asia to Australia; three species (all endemic) in China.1a. Sepals and petals densely pubescent abaxially; inflorescences to 26 cm ................................................................ 1. C. yunnanensis1b. Sepals and petals nearly glabrous or only sparsely pubescent abaxially; inflorescences 1.5–15 cm.2a. Mid-lobe of lip conspicuous, much longer than lateral lobes .................................................................... 2. C. guangdongensis2b. Mid-lobe of lip very small, much shorter than lateral lobes ................................................................................... 3. C. segawae1. Chiloschista yunnanensis Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov.Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 74. 1919.异 型 兰 yi xing lanStems inconspicuous, usually leafless at least at anthesis.Inflorescences 1 or 2, pendulous, green and spotted with purple,to 26 cm, unbranched, densely pubescent, sparsely many flowered;floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 3–4 mm, membranous,abaxially sparsely hairy. Flowers opening widely, yellowish oryellowish greenish, marked with brownish in basal half, columnwhitish, anther cap whitish or yellow; pedicel and ovary ca. 4mm, densely pubescent. Sepals elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 5–7 ×4–5 mm, rounded; mentum small but distinct. Petals suboblong,5–7 × 3.5–4.5 mm, subtruncate; lip 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect,narrowly oblong, ca. 4 mm, rounded; mid-lobe very short, retuse;disk concave or shallowly saccate, with a spongy appendage;appendage pale brown, V-shaped. Column very short, footca. 4 mm; anther cap with 2 filiform appendages on both sides.Capsule arcuate, cylindric, ca. 4 cm × 4–5 mm. Fl. Mar–May,fr. Jul.