ORCHIDACEAE - China

EPIDENDROIDEAE 465lip pendulous, ca. 1.7 cm, 3-lobed; claw ca. 2 mm; hypochile6–8 × 5–6 mm, with 2 auriculate lateral lobes; mesochile 4–5 ×1–1.5 mm, narrow; epichile reniform, 8–9 × 5–6 mm, margincrenulate; disk with 7–9 radiating keels and 2 raised calli incenter of lip. Column clavate, 1.2–1.4 cm, stout; stipe horseshoe-shaped,ca. 4 × 2 mm. Capsule ellipsoid-cylindric, 3.5–5.5× 1.5–2 cm. Fl. Oct, fr. Nov–Dec.Lithophytic on rocks along valleys, epiphytic on tree trunks inopen forests; 500–2100 m. Hainan, SW Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India,Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, NW Vietnam].2. Esmeralda bella H. G. Reichenbach, Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 3:136. 1888.口 盖 花 蜘 蛛 兰 kou gai hua zhi zhu lanArachnis bella (H. G. Reichenbach) J. J. Smith.Stems usually 20–30 cm, ca. 1 cm in diam., stout, rigid,with many nodes. Leaves many, sparsely distichous; leaf bladenarrowly oblong, 13–16 × 2.5–3 cm, leathery, obtuse andunequally bilobed. Inflorescences often 2 or 3, ascending, racemose,12–18 cm, sparsely 2- or 3-flowered; peduncle 5–12 cm,with 3–6 tubular sheaths; floral bracts broadly ovate, 1–1.7 cm.Flowers large, opening widely, yellow, densely marked withreddish brown transverse stripes; pedicel and ovary ca. 3 cm.Dorsal sepal ± obovate-oblong, ca. 3 × 1 cm, obtuse; lateralsepals obovate-oblong, ca. 2.7 × 0.8 cm, obtuse. Petals narrowlyoblong, ca. 2.7 × 0.7 cm, obtuse; lip somewhat pandurate,ca. 14 mm, 3-lobed; claw ca. 2 mm; lateral lobes erect, subsquare,ca. 4 × 4 mm, obliquely truncate; mid-lobe nearly obovate-cuneate,ca. 8 × 9 mm, base contracted, apex emarginate,with a recurved, calluslike appendage in sinus, margin irregularlydenticulate, with a thickened keel from base to apex; diskwith a bilobed callus and a movable lidlike appendage coveringit; sac small, ca. 3 × 2 mm. Column ca. 8 mm, stout. Fl. Nov.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; 1700–1800 m. SE Xizang,S and SW Yunnan [India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand].166. HYGROCHILUS Pfitzer in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 1: 112. 1897.湿 唇 兰 属 shi chun lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, epiphytic, monopodial. Stems rather short, 3–5-leaved. Leaves distichous, flat, rather large, base sheathing, jointed. Inflorescenceslateral, arching or nearly spreading horizontally, unbranched, laxly few to many flowered. Flowers large, showy, openingwidely. Sepals and petals free, similar, usually ± dorsally carinate. Petals slightly shorter and wider; lip thickly textured, adnate atbase to column by a movable joint, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, small; mid-lobe larger, abaxial midvein thickened and beaklike atapex; disk saccate between 2 lateral lobes, with a keel extending from base to apex. Column arcuate, rather long, footless, with stelidia;rostellum long and narrow; pollinia 4 in 2 pairs, waxy, subglobose, unequal, attached by a common spatulate stipe to a suborbicularviscidium.One species: China, NE India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam.1. Hygrochilus parishii (H. G. Reichenbach) Pfitzer in Engler& Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 1: 112. 1897.湿 唇 兰 shi chun lanVanda parishii H. G. Reichenbach, Xenia Orchid. 2: 138.1868; Stauropsis parishii (H. G. Reichenbach) Rolfe; Vandopsisparishii (H. G. Reichenbach) Schlechter.Stems 5–10(–20) cm, 8–15 mm in diam., stout, enclosed inpersistent leaf sheaths. Leaf blade oblong or obovate-oblong,17–29 × 3.5–5.5 cm, unequally bilobed. Inflorescences 1–6, to35 cm, laxly 5–8-flowered; peduncle 5–17 cm, 4–6 mm indiam., with 3 or 4 sheaths; floral bracts broadly ovate, 1.2–1.5cm. Flowers 4–5 cm in diam.; sepals and petals yellow withdeep purple spots, lip white, tinged with lilac on mid-lobe;pedicel and ovary 3–4 cm. Sepals broadly ovate, 2–2.6 × 1.2–1.5 cm, dorsally carinate, 10-veined, obtuse. Petals broadlyovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1.4–1.7 cm, 10-veined, obtuse; lip 1–1.3 cm,fleshy, 3-lobed; lateral lobes suborbicular, small; mid-lobe cuneate-flabellate,ca. 1.2 × 1 cm, obtuse, with a central longitudinalkeel and an erect appendage at base near entrance of sac;sac ca. 3 mm. Column ca. 1 cm, winged; stelidia deltoid; rostellumwith ligulate lobules ca. 2.5 mm; anther cap beaked atapex. Fl. Jun–Jul. 2n = 38.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; 700–1300 m. S and SWYunnan [NE India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].Arachnanthe Blume; Arhynchium Lindley & Paxton.167. ARACHNIS Blume, Bijdr. 365. 1825.蜘 蛛 兰 属 zhi zhu lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, epiphytic, robust, monopodial. Stems scrambling, elongate, often to several meters, branched, leafy. Leaves oblong,rigid, somewhat fleshy or leathery, base sheathing, apex bilobed. Inflorescence lateral, ascending or pendulous, rigid, often long andbranched, few to many flowered; peduncle and rachis slender. Flowers fragrant, resupinate, often large and showy, usually widelyopening, often spiderlike. Sepals and petals similar, spreading, narrowly oblong to linear, usually widened toward apex; lateral sepalsand petals often falcate-curved. Lip short, 3-lobed, jointed to column foot by a short movable strap, base saccate or spurred; mid-lobe