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Islamic Imperialism in India‘Police <strong>of</strong>ficer would not listen, the Control Office would not control, the Government Houseswould not listen, Sir, in these circumstances the Great Killing went on and it is undisputed thatthis would never have happened if the police and the military had taken strong measures onFriday, the 16 th , when the trouble began. It would have been nipped in the bud that very day, and,therefore, the conclusion is inevitable that although the police may not be responsible for theorigin <strong>of</strong> disturbances, they are directly responsible for the great loss <strong>of</strong> human life, and if animpartial enquiry is held and these <strong>of</strong>ficers can be spotted, my opinion is that they deserve to behanged, drawn and quartered publicly, on charges <strong>of</strong> murder and abetment <strong>of</strong> murder…’In violence during the Partition in the districts <strong>of</strong> today’s Pakistan, notes Gurbachan Singh Talib:‘… police and military—which, by now, were entirely composed <strong>of</strong> Muslims on the Pakistanside, due to the partition <strong>of</strong> personnel and assets between India and Pakistan—gave not onlyactive assistance and encouragement to the rampaging Muslim mobs, but <strong>of</strong>ten-times led them,directed their operations, and finished <strong>of</strong>f the job <strong>of</strong> murder where the mobs could not succeedsingle-handed. By August, the non-Muslim populations <strong>of</strong> Lahore had been reduced to only afraction <strong>of</strong> their former numbers. But still more than 100,000 Hindus and Sikhs remained inLahore.’ 586According to a Civil and Military Gazette report, the Sikhs, in particular, had refused to leave Lahore sayingthat Lahore was their home. This refusal proved calamitous for them as ‘the destruction, devastation, andmassacre soon rained on the Hindus and Sikhs and nine thousand <strong>of</strong> their corpses were left to rot on thestreets <strong>of</strong> Lahore causing a terrible stench.’ 587 According to Talib, on 10 August 1947, almost all Hindu andSikh localities were set alight. Fires were raging in Chune Mandi, Bazaz Hatta, Sua Bazar, Lohari Gate,Mohalla Sathan and Mozang. Everywhere, police led the attacks in non-Muslim areas. Describing the terriblemassacre in Lahore in early August 1947, the special correspondent <strong>of</strong> The Hindustan Times reported:‘‘Seventy per cent <strong>of</strong> the casualties <strong>of</strong> the last three weeks in West Punjab were inflicted by the communallymaddened troops and policemen. The victims <strong>of</strong> their bullets numbered thousands. The massacre atSheikhupura, which was their handiwork, puts into shade the slaughter at Jalianwala Bagh.’’ 588In fact, from the very beginning, police abetted and even participated in the violence and vandalismagainst Hindus and Sikhs on the Pakistan side. On 5 March 1947, a Muslim mob, assisted by NationalGuards, started looting non-Muslim shops at Rang Mahal in Lahore. When the Hindus and Sikhs <strong>of</strong>feredresistance, the Muslim Sub-Inspector arrived with a police-force and opened fire on the defenders. When ayoung Hindu man argued with the Sub-Inspector, the latter shot him dead. 589 When Muslims unleashedviolence in Amritsar on 6 March 1946, the Hindu policemen were replaced by Muslim ones in the violencestrickenarea; on their complicity to the violence records Khosla, ‘Muslim Magistrates assisted by Muslimpolice <strong>of</strong>ficials… lent their support and connivance to the miscreants.’ Similarly, in the violence inRawalpindi, the Magistrate and the police <strong>of</strong>fered indifference and abetment. When a senior Sikh Advocateasked the Magistrate for police assistance, records Justice Khosla, ‘the Additional District Magistrate accusedhim <strong>of</strong> spreading rumors and added that he was endangering his own life.’ 590 Such was the response <strong>of</strong> theauthority and law enforcement agencies in the pre-Partition violence in Muslim-dominated areas. In thecourse <strong>of</strong> the Partition in August 1947, the participation <strong>of</strong> the police and government authority in the586. Talib, op cit587. Ibid588. The Jalianwala Bagh massacre in Punjab was the worst violence committed by the British in the course <strong>of</strong>Independence movement <strong>of</strong> India. It caused 379 deaths according to British records, while up to 1,000 in Indianclaims.589. Khosla, p. 101–02590. Ibid, p. 103,106182

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