islamic-jihad-legacy-of-forced-conversion-imperialism-slavery

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Life of Prophet Muhammad and the Birth of JihadAlthough many idolaters of Mecca submitted to Islam on that day, the recalcitrant ones were allowedto stay in the practice of idolatry, based on an agreement Muhammad had reached with Meccan leader AbuSufyan. This concession lasted only for one year. During the next Hajj pilgrimage (631), Allah suddenlyrevealed a number of verses (9:1–5)—particularly verse 9:5—which commanded the annihilation of idolworshipby giving the idolaters a choice between conversion to Islam and death: ‘Then, when the sacredmonths have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, andprepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor due, then leave theirway free…’With this command, the practice of idol-worship was completely banished from Arabia duringMuhammad’s life-time. A choice between death and acceptance of Islam, therefore, became the standardsanction in Islam for the Pagans, idolaters, animists, heathens and atheists.Jews in IslamProphet Muhammad initially exhorted the Jews to embrace Islam and accept him as their prophet. When theyadamantly rejected this offer, he decided to deal with them harshly. First, he attacked the Jewish tribe of BanuQaynuqa of Medina soon after his stunning victory against the Quraysh at Badr. After defeating the Jewishtribe, he wanted to slaughter the surrendered Jews as records Al-Tabari: ‘They were fettered and he(Muhammad) wanted to kill them.’ 127 But a strong intervention by Abdullah ibn Obayi—the famed hypocriteof Islamic annals—prevented Muhammad from slaughtering the Jews en masse. Instead, he exiled the wholecommunity from their ancestral homes.When Muhammad next attacked Banu Nadir, the second major Jewish tribe of Medina, the followingyear on a flimsy excuse and Abdullah ibn Obayi, still a powerful leader, threatened to fight on the Jewish side.The Prophet again settled for exiling them. When the last Jewish tribe of Banu Qurayza was attacked twoyears later, Muhammad ignored weakened Abdullah’s condemnation and went back to his original plan,which was intended for dealing with the Banu Qaynuqa Jews three years earlier. He slaughtered all thegrown-up men and enslaved the women and children. The captured wealth of Banu Qurayza and captivewomen and children were distributed amongst his followers. The young and prettier ones among the femalecaptives were reduced to sex-slaves. The Prophet also sold some of women overseas to acquire horses and weapons.In sum, when the Jews rejected Islam, Muhammad attacked them one by one in which the adultmales were to be executed and the women and children enslaved. This remained the final writ for the Jews inthe book of Prophet Muhammad.Christians in IslamThere was no major Christian presence around Mecca and Medina. Therefore, Muhammad did not have thekind of bitter and sustained confrontations with the Christians as he had wih the Pagans and Jews. However,his intent of dealing with the Christians can be traced in a few letters he sent to overseas Christian kings orgovernors: of Bahrain, Oman, Egypt, Syria, and Byzantium. Here, two letters will be dealt with: one sent tothe Christian kings of Oman (628) and the other to the Christian prince of the Ayla tribe during his expeditionto Tabuk (630). The Oman government Website keeps a copy of Prophet Muhammad’s letter to the Oman kings: 128127. Al-Tabari, Vol. VII, p. 86128. This document has now been removed from the Oman Government Website(http://www.mofa.gov.om/oman/discoveroman/omanhistory/OmanduringISlam). Wikipedia preserves a copy of it athttp://www.wikiislam.com/wiki/Quotations_on_Islam#Official_Oman_Site50
Islamic JihadAfter God empowered Muslims to enter Mecca, Islam became the prevailing power and wasspread by use of fear… The prophet then saw it preferable to contact neighbouring kings andrulers, including the two kings of Oman, Jaiffar and Abd, sons of Al Julanda, through peacefulmeans. History books tell us that the prophet had sent messages to the people of Oman, includinga letter carried by military escort from Amr Ibn Al Aas to Jaiffar and Abd, sons of Al Julanda, inwhich, he wrote: ‘In the name of God the Merciful and the Compassionate, from Muhammad binAbdullah to Jaiffar and Abd, sons of Al Julanda, peace be on those who choose the right path.Embrace Islam, and you shall be safe. I am God’s messenger to all humanity, here to alert allthose alive that nonbelievers are condemned. If you submit to Islam, you will remain kings, but ifyou abstain, your rule will be removed and my horses will enter your arena to prove myprophecy.’At this point in 628 CE, suggests the letter, the choice given to Christians was to embrace Islam to buy safety.If not, they were to face the wrath of Islam, which meant war, death and destruction plus the likelyenslavement of the women and children. This was the same treatment Muhammad had meted out to the BanuQurayza Jews. In his letter, sent to the prince of the Ayla tribe (October 630), the Prophet wrote: ‘…Believe orelse pay tribute [Jizyah]… Ye know the tribute. If ye desire security by sea and by land, obey Allah and hisapostle... But if ye oppose and displease them, I will accept nothing from you until I have fought against youand taken captive your little ones and slain the elder; for I am the apostle of Allah in truth...’ 129In two years, suggests this letter, the provision for dealing with the Christians had changed to someextent. On top of the choice of embracing Islam or death (plus enslavement of their women and children),they now have a third choice of paying poll-tax (jizyah) by accepting Muhammad as the master of theirterritory. A similar option was also extended to the Jews of Khaybar in August-September 628, about oneand-a-halfyears after slaughtering the Banu Qurayza Jews. After defeating the Jews of Khaybar, the womenand children were carried away as slaves. The surviving Jewish men were spared and allowed to tend theirlands as long as Muslims needed them on the condition of surrendering fifty percent of the produce as tribute.Allah subsequently codified this new paradigm as the final protocol for dealing with the Jews and Christiansin verse 9:29 (revealed in 631): ‘Fight those who believe not in Allah, nor the Last Day, nor hold thatforbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth[Islam], (even if they are) of the People of the Book [Jews & Christians], until they pay the Jizya with willingsubmission, and feel themselves subdued.’The Jews and Christians are recognized as the privileged People of the Book in Islam. Even then, ifthey fail to accept Islam, Muslims must fight them until they are defeated and agree to pay jizyah tax as asymbol of their humiliated and subjugated status to supreme Islam. By this divine decree [9:29], Allahcommands Muslims to attack the Jewish and Christian communities and nations. After defeating them,Muslims can enslave their women and children in the way the Prophet dealt with the Jews of Banu Qurayzaand Khaybar. If the vanquished Christians and Jews willingly accept the supremacy and sovereignty of Islamand agree to pay the humiliating jizyah, land-tax and other tributes, they should be allowed to live on with ahost of disabilities as enshrined in the Pact of Omar (see in next chapter).Before Prophet Muhammad died about a year later, he seemed to have changed his mind again,whereby he wanted to give no quarters to the Jews and Christians in Islamic territories, similar to the way theidolaters had already been exterminated from Arabia. This was spelled in one of his three final wishes in hisdeath-bed that ‘two religions should not be allowed to remain in the peninsula of the Arabs.’ A hadith alsoaffirms this: ‘It has been narrated by ‘Omar b. al-Khattab that he heard the Messenger of Allah say: ‘I willexpel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula and will not leave any but Muslim’’ [Muslim129. Muir, p. 40251
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ISLAMICJIHADA Legacy of Forced Conv
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Based on meticulous investigation o
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Islamic JihadPrefaceI was born and
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ContentsChapter I .................
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Islamic JihadOn Education and learn
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Page 16 and 17: Jihad: The Controversies2-As violen
Page 18 and 19: 3-Basic Beliefs in IslamIslam is ba
Page 20 and 21: 3-Basic Beliefs in IslamDuring the
Page 22 and 23: Life of Prophet Muhammad and the Bi
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Propagation of Islam: By Force or P
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Chapter VThe Arab-Islamic Imperiali
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Islamic Jihad1. ‘And fight them (
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Islamic Jihada big chunk of its cro
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Islamic Jihadequality of men, justi
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Islamic Jihadon to say, it was only
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Islamic Jihadland-tax (kharaj) fixe
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Islamic Jihadnecessitated by the fa
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Islamic Jihadbecame Buddhists; in C
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Islamic JihadMuslims, by converting
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Islamic JihadLikewise, the Arab Chr
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Islamic Jihad1. Did Arabs and their
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Islamic Jihadboast of enriching Ind
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Islamic JihadSavages at a very low
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Islamic Jihadobsession for white wo
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Islamic Jihadraised revolts. It has
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Islamic Jihadimperialist. Although,
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Islamic Jihadhas caused devastating
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Chapter VIIslamic Imperialism in In
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Islamic Jihadlaments Ibn Warraq. Fo
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Islamic Jihadbeasts of prey. The tr
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Islamic Jihad4. Aurangzeb proceeded
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Islamic Jihadlarge numbers as a res
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Islamic JihadTo their credit, the I
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Islamic JihadWhereas among other na
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Islamic JihadIt is an extremely sig
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Islamic Jihadfound it ‘‘large a
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Islamic Jihadorthodox Hindu—Shiva
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Islamic JihadThe claim that a utopi
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Islamic JihadThe Sepoy Mutiny, in a
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Islamic JihadBritish Empire, the fo
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Islamic Jihadoutbreaks of religious
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Islamic Jihadthat mere threats will
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Islamic Jihadstarted by the support
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Islamic Jihaddays (of Islam in Arab
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Islamic JihadIn the towns and villa
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Islamic Jihadthe Police Station was
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Islamic Jihadrenewed, intensified v
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Islamic Jihadcases more than 85 per
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Islamic Jihadsciences and learning
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Islamic Jihadold environment, which
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Islamic Jihadeight more plundering
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Islamic Jihadcarried the heads of t
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Islamic JihadNo doubt there was som
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Islamic Jihadeconomic exploitation.
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Islamic Jihadrule, kind-hearted Jah
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Islamic JihadThe negative impact of
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Islamic Slaverybeings as a commodit
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Islamic SlaveryTHE PROPHETIC MODEL
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Islamic SlaveryAncient China. In an
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Islamic SlaveryDuring 715 to 1000 C
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Islamic SlaveryBihar, brought away
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Islamic Slaveryand marry them off d
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Islamic Slaverysuggest that the ens
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Islamic Slaveryten. In the assault
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Islamic Slavery‘The renowned king
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Islamic Slaverywomen and children,
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Islamic SlaveryThis is only an acco
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Islamic Slavery‘‘had her washed
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Islamic Slaveryattention, it killed
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Islamic Slavery85) built the famous
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Islamic Slaveryenslaved, but quite
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Islamic SlaveryEmployment in palace
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Islamic SlaveryTwo categories of wo
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Islamic Slavery‘‘I found myself
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Islamic SlaveryIt is noted already
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Islamic SlaveryAfter direct Muslim
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Islamic SlaveryAkbar were men of fo
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Islamic SlaveryThe most famous Euro
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Islamic SlaveryEUROPEAN SLAVE-TRADE
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Islamic Slaveryworld that continued
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Islamic SlaveryHumane treatment of
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Islamic Slaveryuntil the end of the
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Islamic Slaverybetween one and two
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Islamic Slaverythe death of 7,600 C
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Islamic SlaveryDisheartened by the
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Islamic Slaverydiplomatic duty in P
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Islamic Slaverynext morning, the ci
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Islamic SlaverySri Lanka, Egypt and
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Islamic SlaveryThree members of the
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The Last WordBeginning at the time
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The Last WordWe said (to non-Muslim
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The Last Word• Elst K (1993) Nega
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The Last Word• Rizvi SAA (1978) A
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IndexAmorium, 217, 241Amr, 28, 41,
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IndexHolocaust, 35Hubal, 10Hudaybiy
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IndexPhilippines, 100, 102, 103, 10
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