victorian electric vehicle trial mid-term report - Department of Transport

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With reference to Section 3.2, the trial focus is on technology market development, or in other words the adoption of newtechnology. Drawing upon Dunstan et al (2011) and Jaffe et al (2005), barriers to technology adoption may be broken downaccording to the categories listed in Table 19.BarrierDefinitionTechnical Current technology The performance of the new technology (as compared to theincumbent/competitors)Current costsThe cost of the new technology (as above)Institutional Regulatory barriers Regulation biased against the new technologyExternalities and price structuresFailure to reflect costs accurately in prices, including:• Environmental impact costs from a technology that arenot borne by users• Knowledge acquisition costs about a new technology for oneindividual/firm which create benefits for others• Adoption costs of a new technology for one user being dependentupon the number of other users that have adopted thetechnology (sometimes called ‘dynamic increasing returns’).Payback gapSplit incentivesIncomplete informationCultural valuesConfusionThe gap in acceptable payback periods between stakeholdersThe challenges of capturing benefits spread across numerousstakeholdersAbsence or difficulty in accessing relevant, reliable informationInsufficient attention given by individuals and organisations to newtechnologies and opportunitiesThe additional barriers created by the interaction of thebarriers aboveTable 19. The classification of barriers to adoption of new technology/innovations.With reference to Section 3.2, an additional consideration relates to the significance of a barrier in the context of the timelinefor adoption of a new technology/innovation. Some barriers may be particularly significant at the outset of the marketdevelopment, but may reduce over time. Other barriers may be of greater significance as the market goes ‘mainstream’.Dunstan et al (2011) have provided a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the wide range of barriers to electricvehicle adoption against the classifications in Table 19. Building upon this and the phases of market development asoutlined in Sections 3.2 and 6.1.2, Table 20 provides a summary of the issues and opportunities for EV market growthidentified throughout this report. It should be noted that the observations made are relevant for all electric vehicle marketstakeholders, not just government.
Issue Classification Sections Opportunities Early marketEarly-adopter Confusion 6.2 • Evidencing environmental bona fides xvalue proposition• Linking EV uptake to renewableenergy.Current costs 7.2.1 • High Occupancy Vehicle lane access xElectric vehiclepurchase pricesDepreciation /resale valuesElectric vehiclerange / chargingtimeCurrent costs /Payback gapExternalities(knowledgeacquisition,dynamic increasingreturns)4.2.54.3.15.2.65.3.65.4.54.2.34.3.24.3.45.1.55.2.35.2.65.3.25.4.25.4.5Current costs 4.1.34.3.4• Local government and/or electricitymarket fleet focus• Building rating program recognition• Workplace charging programpromotion• Sponsorship of on-street publiccharging locations• Signage for public charging locations• Reservation facility for commercialcharging / parking locations.• EV drivers forum• Fleet knowledge sharing• Corporate charging networks• Centralised charging networkinformation• Information for developers, landlords,property managers etc.• Reduced barriers to market entry• Increased market competition• Purchasing coalitions.Current costs 4.1 • OEM intervention• Battery standards• Second-life battery market.Current technology 4.2.34.3.45.3.65.4.5Incompleteinformation4.1.34.2.24.3.45.1.55.3.65.4.5• Workplace charging• Public charging network, includingquick chargers.• Improved charging networkinformation• Optimised vehicle connectivity• Promote awareness of drivingpatterns/distances• Knowledge-sharing through EVdrivers forum.xxxxxxMainstreammarketxxCREATING A MARKET 127
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CREATINGA MARKETVICTORIAN ELECTRICV
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Measures which reduce electriccar p
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5.4 Public charging 815.4.1 How muc
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The trial is a $5 millioninitiative
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In 2012, Mitsubishi, Nissan,and Hol
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2.4 HOW DOES ELECTRIC VEHICLECHARGI
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Meter, Switch orDistribution BoardD
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It has brought together allthe piec
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Commercial negotiations and astruct
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TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION CASE STUDYMOBIL
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RACV considers electricvehicles to
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What we need from you: The particip
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Information gained fromthe cars has
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Alongside differences in utilisatio
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Evidence suggests that while purcha
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This sort of functionality is expec
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4.1.5 What about electriccommercial
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A clearly positive influence on peo
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Having to make these considerations
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Analysis of the vehicle monitoringd
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4.2.4 How much does it costfor an a
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Experience from overseas suggeststh
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In terms of who drives the decision
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Despite this relative under-utilisa
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Within the traditional fleet assetm
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CORPORATE CHARGING NETWORK CASE STU
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Nearly 140 household, fleetand publ
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The trial charging infrastructure v
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Through these efforts, trial partic
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To support trip planning and rangem
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5.2 HOME CHARGING5.2.1 How much doe
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The general process for the househo
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Although this outcome was a success
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The appeal of a financial incentive
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5.2.5 What do households thinkof el
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It provides guidance on the allocat
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An example of this was theDepartmen
Page 75 and 76: Based upon the trial experience, th
Page 77 and 78: WORKPLACE CHARGING CASE STUDYVICTOR
Page 79 and 80: Workplace charging appears to be ak
Page 81 and 82: One scenario of particular interest
Page 83 and 84: Cost data obtained from various sit
Page 85 and 86: PUBLIC CHARGING CASE STUDYON-STREET
Page 87 and 88: Household participants were askedab
Page 89 and 90: The following quote supplied to the
Page 91 and 92: Despite these challenging figuresan
Page 93 and 94: According to theory (Lieberman andM
Page 95 and 96: The pushback by parking operatorsag
Page 97 and 98: There’s a lot to like aboutincrea
Page 99 and 100: The economic analysis hasexamined t
Page 101 and 102: Under a ‘mid-range’ scenario as
Page 103 and 104: 6.1.3 What are the costs andbenefit
Page 105 and 106: 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS6.2.1 How
Page 107 and 108: Based upon the limited informationa
Page 109 and 110: 6.3 SOCIAL IMPACTS6.3.1 How is comm
Page 111 and 112: A key challenge for many electricve
Page 113 and 114: The effectiveness ofthese initiativ
Page 115 and 116: The supplementary data andinteracti
Page 117 and 118: EV PROMOTION CASE STUDYELECTRIC CAR
Page 119 and 120: In addition to the EV School progra
Page 121 and 122: 7.1.4 How has the local electricveh
Page 123 and 124: 7.2 INSIGHTS7.2.1 How do we best te
Page 125: ISSUES ANDOPPORTUNITIESA significan
Page 129 and 130: Issue Classification Sections Oppor
Page 131 and 132: Drawing upon the learnings acquired
Page 133 and 134: ACRONYMS,GLOSSARY ANDUNITS OF MEASU
Page 135 and 136: OPEC - Organisation of the Petroleu
Page 137 and 138: Actew AGL 2009, History of mobile p
Page 139 and 140: Ergon 2012, Pool pump connections,
Page 141 and 142: Smart Grid News 2012, Aussie firm u
Page 143 and 144: EntityChargingInfrastructureHostCha
Page 145 and 146: APPENDIX BEVS AND FLEETS 2012 PRACT
Page 147 and 148: APPENDIX CCHARGING OUTLET ATTRIBUTE
Page 149 and 150: Area Attribute DefinitionBilling /
Page 151 and 152: APPENDIX EEV CHARGING COURTESY SIGN
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