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Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.zaThe inclusion of the three case studies in Part III has a threefold aim: First,these studies were selected because we are of the opinion that they provideuseful illustrations of “research in action”. A number of the basic concepts andmethodological principles discussed in Part I are employed in these studies andreference is therefore made throughout Part I to relevant parts in the casestudies. The case studies were, however, also selected because they representthree fairly divergent approaches to research in the social sciences: Ferreira’sstudy of an outpatient care centre is typical of qualitative research in the socialsciences, Joubert’s construction of a typology of value orientations is a goodexample of conceptual analysis, while Mauer and Lawrence’s article providesthe reader with a good introduction to quantitative (experimental) research.Finally, we have included a list of questions at the end of each case study in thehope that this will encourage students and researchers to read research articlesmore critically and systematically.As far as the different contributions are concerned, the following information isrelevant: Chapters 1 to 6 were written by J. Mouton, who was also responsiblefor the final editing of the manuscript; Chapter 7 was written by H.C. Maraisand Chapter 9 by the latter in collaboration with Mouton. Chapter 8 waswritten by K.P. Prinsloo and the illustrative examples which appear in Chapters5 and 6 were compiled by NJ. Rhoodie.AcknowledgementsOriginally a much briefer version of this book was used for purposes ofinternal training at the <strong>HSRC</strong>. The material was presented in various sessionsin the training programmes presented since 1983. In addition, the material alsoformed the basis of courses in methodology presented at the Rand AfrikaansUniversity (also since 1983) and a number of courses at the WindhoekAcademy, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education andWinter Schools in Research Methodology by the senior author. The authors’sincere gratitude is therefore expressed to those individuals who, during thesepresentations, contributed in some way to the final product by askingquestions, passing remarks, and making suggestions which have inevitably ledto an improved final document.The authors also wish to extend their gratitude to various individuals who, atvarious stages during the preparation of the manuscript, were prepared to offercomments: Dian Joubert, Ricky Mauer, Alet Norval, Gustav Puth, and WillemSchurink. We would particularly like to thank Alet Norval who madeconsiderable contributions as far as the technical editing of the book wasconcerned, and also Susan Smith who typed the manuscript mostprofessionally under conditions of extreme pressure. Appendices 2 and 3 arereprinted, with the permission of the authors from Mens en maatschappij,volume 48(3), 1973 and The Journal of the South African Institute of Miningand Metallurgy, volume 74, 1974. We are also indebted to the typing pool forxii
further assistance, to Lynette Hearne for the design of the cover, to Susan leRoux for bibliographic searches, to members of staff of the IRD who assistedwith the proofreading of the manuscript, and to the staff of the <strong>HSRC</strong>’s Sectionfor Technical Services for their care with the publication.Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.zaxiii
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to indicate a causal relationship b
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flict with a point of view in which
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Our discussion of problem formulati
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IntroductionConcept and meaningConc
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ductivism, refers to the belief tha
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Social isolation1. Sometimes I feel
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manifestations of alienation, it ou
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found between theoretical and conce
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IntroductionSources of data, reacti
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that they have tradition, culture,
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categories. Finally, the research c
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affiliation, or presumed affiliatio
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pectancy effects was conducted by R
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ticipant’s perception of his or h
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(v) Questionnaire length effects(vi
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We have, in an earlier section, dra
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example of the double blind experim
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CONSTRUCTIVE REPLICATIONIn conclusi
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IntroductionAn example: The Reiger
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Coloured youths were fatally wounde
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ehaving violently towards some of t
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multivariate techniques are much mo
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tial validity. A closer inspection
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validity (as a rule we will not use
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CONTEXT EFFECTSIs it reasonable to
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analysis, text analysis, and case s
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IntroductionConceptsStatementsConno
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The schematic representation also g
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DICHOTOMOUS, POLYTOMIC AND CONTINUO
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People therefore, depending upon th
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higher than the mean scores on meth
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Source ofinformation Sender Recipie
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of the modellandum which are deemed
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phenomena or variables and, for thi
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i.e. from a collection of mutually
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system, the Aristotelian theory of
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IntroductionThe spectrum of the soc
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• How do scientist study underlyi
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the scope is more likely to be unde
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A number of comments will serve to
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ConceptsIn figure 7.2 below, qualit
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A research report is usually a logi
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to be found between qualitative and
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at which people are placed towards
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The different levels can probably b
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proach should be canonized and anot
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Goals of this chapterIntroductory r
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is written, the wise researcher wou
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Some of the characteristics that ar
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falls within more than one discipli
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earlier on. The aim of the project,
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Example 3Title of projectAtlas of l
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IntroductionThe context of reportin
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METATHEORETICAL GUIDEIINESIt is gen
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the researcher’s views, insuffici
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Suggestions for further reading:Bes
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2. THEORETICAL ORIENTATIONMedical s
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particular outpatient centre experi
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3. METHODOLOGICAL STRATEGYSymbolic
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the organisation). Secondly, a larg
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tations of the subjects; it is conc
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Although costly, videotaping of the
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16. First half of 1981.17. Gold (19
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2. How is value-orientation defined
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in practice. In contrast, pragmatis
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ian style of management result in l
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Quality of supervision of stoping g
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TABLE IIIANALYSIS OF VARIANCE FOR M
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FIGURE 2 — SECOND ORDER INTERACTI
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A further consideration in the choi
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gangs with supervision that was ass
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percentage of transfers not being m
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for all the relevant factors. Discu
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WHITE, V.P. (ed.). 1983. Grant prop
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connotation 58ff, 126ff- convention
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hermeneutics 21heuristic function,
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Naive inductivism 57naturalistic re
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esearcher image 82-83researcher ori
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