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proach should be canonized and another excommunicated. By adopting a pointof view of convergence and complementarity (possibly inter-paradigmaticoverlap) we may eventually be in a position to understand more about humannature and social reality.FIGURE 7.5RESEARCH IN THREE DIMENSIONSQUANTITATIVELevel: HeightGoal: ExplainFree download from www.hsrcpress.ac.zaExample:ExperimentRequirements:– OperationalJustification– Internalcontrol– ReliabilityQUANTITATIVELevel: BreadthGoal: DescribeExample:SurveyRequirements:– Operationaljustification– Internal control– ReliabilityQUALITATIVELevel: DepthGoal: UnderstandExample:PhenomenologyEthnomethodologyand so onRequirements:– Involvement– Contextualizing– Maximizingcomparisons– Sensitizingconcepts170
Suggestions for further reading1. A similar introductory exposition of these problems is to be found inMouton (1983a). The foundations of the distinction between qualitativeand quantitative research are in the philosophy of science also discussed inHughes (1980) and Mouton (1984a).2. Excellent texts on qualitative research are readily available nowadays.Some of the most important are included in the following list: Bogdan andTaylor (1975)/Bruyn (1966), Burgess (1982 and 1984), Filstead (1970),Glaser and Strauss (1967), Gorden (1980), Johnson (1975), Lofland(1971), McCall and Simons (1969), Schwartz and Jacobs (1979), andSmith and Manning (1979). A good introduction to the phenomenologicalapproach in psychology is to be found in Kruger (1979).Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za171
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HSRC SERIES IN METHODOLOGYSeries Ed
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All rights reserved. No part of thi
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PART 3Appendix 1M Ferreira — A so
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Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac
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important methods of operationalizi
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Introduction: The scientific langua
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inevitably be found in the discipli
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At the project level, three general
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FIGURE 1.3Free download from www.hs
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context of a particular research tr
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Introduction: Social sciences resea
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all the factors which may pose a th
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(3) Conceptualization and operation
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negative influence on the person’
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CONDITIONS ORIENTATIONS ACTIONSINDI
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to indicate a causal relationship b
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flict with a point of view in which
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Our discussion of problem formulati
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IntroductionConcept and meaningConc
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ductivism, refers to the belief tha
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Social isolation1. Sometimes I feel
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manifestations of alienation, it ou
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found between theoretical and conce
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IntroductionSources of data, reacti
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that they have tradition, culture,
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categories. Finally, the research c
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affiliation, or presumed affiliatio
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pectancy effects was conducted by R
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ticipant’s perception of his or h
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(v) Questionnaire length effects(vi
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We have, in an earlier section, dra
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example of the double blind experim
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CONSTRUCTIVE REPLICATIONIn conclusi
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IntroductionAn example: The Reiger
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Coloured youths were fatally wounde
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ehaving violently towards some of t
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multivariate techniques are much mo
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tial validity. A closer inspection
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validity (as a rule we will not use
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Page 136 and 137: CONTEXT EFFECTSIs it reasonable to
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Page 140 and 141: IntroductionConceptsStatementsConno
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Page 146 and 147: DICHOTOMOUS, POLYTOMIC AND CONTINUO
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Page 168 and 169: IntroductionThe spectrum of the soc
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Although costly, videotaping of the
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16. First half of 1981.17. Gold (19
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2. How is value-orientation defined
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in practice. In contrast, pragmatis
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ian style of management result in l
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Quality of supervision of stoping g
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TABLE IIIANALYSIS OF VARIANCE FOR M
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FIGURE 2 — SECOND ORDER INTERACTI
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A further consideration in the choi
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gangs with supervision that was ass
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percentage of transfers not being m
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for all the relevant factors. Discu
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WHITE, V.P. (ed.). 1983. Grant prop
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connotation 58ff, 126ff- convention
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hermeneutics 21heuristic function,
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Naive inductivism 57naturalistic re
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esearcher image 82-83researcher ori
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