The Rainforests of Cameroon - PROFOR

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86 The Rainforests of CameroonAreas harvested. As mentioned, new regulations limited the area thatcould be harvested to 1/30th of concession area each year. Total areawhere timber could be legally harvested has declined from more than400,000 hectares in 1998/99 to 200,000 hectares in 2006. The reductionin area has been accompanied by an equally important shift in the type ofmanagement models used in the areas where timber was harvested, frommostly rural areas, where logging is less regulated and more destructive,to UFAs, where regulations are applied more rigorously (figure 5.4).Volumes harvested. The volume of legally harvested timber peaked in1997/98 at 3.5 million cubic meters (figure 5.5). This level of productionwas a direct consequence of buoyant Asian demand, combined with theimpact of the 1994 devaluation of the CFAF. Since then, harvested volumehas come down and remained steady at about 2.2–2.5 million cubic meters,about 75 percent of which comes from sustainable sources (UFAs). 12Figure 5.6 highlights the origin of harvested timber: While most timberwas extracted from unregulated areas in 1998/99, since 2004, more thanthree-quarters of declared production has come from concessions. In 2006,Figure 5.4. Trends in areas open for harvesting, by type of harvesting rightAnnual productive areas(thousands of hectares)450400350300250200150100500Delivered by The World Bank e-library to:The World BankIP : 192.86.100.34YearSmall Mon, harvesting 09 Nov 2009 titles 17:06:18 Ventes de coupeLicensesConcessions/UFAs1998/99Source: SIGIF (MINFOF) unpublished data1999/20002000/012001/022002/0320042005(c) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
In-Depth Analysis of Impacts 87Figure 5.5. Annual declared timber production, 1997/98–20063.5Cubic meters (millions)3.02.52.01.511997/981998/991999/20002000/012001/02Year2002/03200420052006Source: Authors, based on SIGIF data (MINFOF).the allocation of small titles was started again, 13 but measures were introducedto make allocation more transparent and permit monitoring (titlesare no longer based on volume only but are assigned to clearly demarcatedareas so that they can less easily become entry points for illegal logging).The decision to reopen small titles was a first response to local demand anda first attempt to bring small-scale illegal loggers into the formal sector.Harvesting intensity and range of tree species harvested. Contrary toexpectations, the harvesting intensity and range of harvested species didnot increase. When average volumes are taken into account, harvestingintensities in UFAs and ventes de coupe do not appear significantly differentin 1998/99 (10.8 cubic meters per hectare in UFAs and 4.2 cubicmeters per hectare in ventes de coupe) and 2003 (10.0 cubic meters perhectare and 4.8 cubic meters per hectare) (appendix 7). This phenomenonprobably results from a combination of factors, such as new limits onthe size of harvestable trees and declining stocks of traditional commercialspecies in forests that Delivered often by have The World already Bank been e-library harvested to: at least once. 14The World BankIt may also be an appropriate IP short-term : 192.86.100.34 response to a change in relativeprices. Higher taxes and rising Mon, 09 transport Nov 2009 17:06:18 costs have brought the costs ofless valuable species closer to free-on-board (fob) prices, reducing theirmargin of profitability compared with more valuable species.(c) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
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The Rainforests of CameroonDelivere
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© 2009 The International Bank for
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vi ContentsChapter 3 Objectives and
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viii ContentsFigures3.1. Cameroon
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x Forewordof illegal activity. Oppo
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xii Preface and AcknowledgmentsIt i
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Delivered by The World Bank e-libra
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xvi AbbreviationsCOMIFAC Conference
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xviii AbbreviationsUS$VCWRIWWFU.S.
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2 The Rainforests of Cameroonintere
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4 The Rainforests of CameroonForest
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6 The Rainforests of Cameroonnity f
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8 The Rainforests of Cameroonimport
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26 The Rainforests of CameroonLaw,
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28 The Rainforests of CameroonTable
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Page 152 and 153: 132 Appendix 1resulted in paper ref
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136 Appendix 2FMU numberFMUs alloca
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138 Appendix 2FMU number10.020 1038
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140 Appendix 2FMU number09.020 1069
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144 Appendix 3Type Name (type) Area
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146 Appendix 4Small-scale domestic
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148 Appendix 5The September 1997 ag
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152 Appendix 6Code in 1994 and an E
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154 Appendix 6• The Vienna Conven
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156 Appendix 6Forestry taxation ref
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158 Appendix 6to CFAF 10 billion of
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160 Appendix 6Sangha National Park)
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162 Appendix 62. Better environment
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166 Appendix 71998-99 2002-03 Evolu
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168 Appendix 71998-99 2002-03 Evolu
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170 Appendix 8Type of Processing ca
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172 Appendix 8Type of Processing ca
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176 Appendix 9Situation in 1992Area
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178 Appendix 9Situation in 2004Fisc
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182 Appendix 10forest service (or t
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184 ReferencesCarret, Giraud, and L
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186 Referencessented at the Rights
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190 The Rainforests of CameroonCons
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192 The Rainforests of CameroonIPDP
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194 The Rainforests of Cameroonvolu
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ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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Map 2. Forest Use in Cameroon, 1992
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Map 3. Status of Logging Titles in
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Map 5. Status of Protected Areas in
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Map 6. Conservation of the Ngoila-M
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