The Rainforests of Cameroon - PROFOR

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88 The Rainforests of CameroonFigure 5.6. Production by type of title and logging seasonExercise 1998–99Exercise 1999–2000Exercise 2001–02Total: 1,931,513 m 3 Total: 2,116,648 m 36% 7%1%25%31%28%41%Total: 1,937,779 m 3 2%28%44%18%Exercise 2004Exercise 2006Total: 2,118,655 m 3 Total: 2,289,416 m 37%71%17%12%81%81%Licenses Concessions Ventes de coupes Special authorizations (AEB, ARB) aSource: Authors, based on data from MINFOF and Customs.a. AEB = Autorisation d’enlèvement de bois; ARB = Autorisation de récupération de bois.In the absence of strong measures to promote secondary species (box5.3), the reductions in average profitability will continue to offer incentivesfor companies to focus on species that can compensate for higher productioncosts. Unless industry can successfully market a greater range of species,the prospects for sustainable forest management will diminish.Despite significant changes in total production in 1990/91, 1995/96,and 2002/03, the range of species used did not change significantly. Harvestsremained very selective; two types of wood (ayous and sapelli)account for about 65 percent of the 10 most harvested woods (figure5.7). Harvests of tali, okan (a substitute for azobé), and kossipo increasedslightly, but the share of these less commercial woods remained marginal.It may be that fewer new species are harvested because Cameroon’s forestindustry has no Delivered further by room The World to improve Bank e-library its to: technical or financialThe World Bankefficiency by modifying the species IP : 192.86.100.34 mix, yet there are many indicationsthat this is probably not Mon, the case. 09 Nov It 2009 would 17:06:18 probably be worthwhile toencourage the substitution of traditional commercial species with lesserknownspecies through fiscal incentives.(c) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
In-Depth Analysis of Impacts 89Box 5.3No more primary forests available for loggingFifty-nine percent of the UFAs in southern Cameroon are estimated to havebeen harvested at least once (Abt and others 2002). With practically all Cameroon’sremaining primary forests protected from commercial activity, what arethe implications for the timber industry and sustainable forest management?Maps of the road network in Cameroon’s forests indicate that it probablyreaches between 1.2 million and 1.3 million hectares in southern and centralCameroon (GFW 2005) and GFW, personal communication). These roads makeit very likely that over a large share of Cameroon’s rainforest zone, timber will beharvested from secondary forests from which most high-volume trees of valuablespecies have been removed.Harvestable volume has been observed to drop progressively in secondary forests(Vincent and Binkley 1992). The magnitude of this drop depends on the selectivityof the initial harvest(s), the diversity of the forest, and the industry’s capacity toincrease the range of harvested woods—which in turn depends on companies’ abilityto market lesser-known woods and to produce attractive products from them.In Central Africa, where the initial harvests are highly selective, the drop involume is less pronounced than in Southeast Asia, where the tree population ismore homogenous from a commercial standpoint. If species such as frake (Terminaliasuperba) and tali (Erythrophleum suaveolens) are given greater considerationby industry, the volumes harvested in a second felling cycle can remainsimilar or even increase. If management plans are strictly respected, this shiftto new species can sustain the forest industry and prevent the kind of brutaldownsizing that has occurred in countries such as Indonesia.Moving toward certification. Since 2004, as increasing numbers ofmanagement plans have been approved and implemented, the reports ofindependent observers indicate that compliance with basic forest managementregulations has become the norm. This respect for Cameroon’sdemanding Forest Law and regulations has improved the prospects forforest companies to obtain third-party certification.Certification enables Delivered companies by The World to distinguish Bank e-library themselves to: in the marketplaceas trustworthy partners IP : of 192.86.100.34 forest owners (governments) and buy-The World Bankers. Certification is purely Mon, voluntary 09 Nov 2009 and 17:06:18 commonly assumed to makesense for companies only when there is a discerning market (in this case,a market in which consumers are willing to pay more for timber that is(c) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
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The Rainforests of CameroonDelivere
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© 2009 The International Bank for
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vi ContentsChapter 3 Objectives and
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viii ContentsFigures3.1. Cameroon
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x Forewordof illegal activity. Oppo
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xii Preface and AcknowledgmentsIt i
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Delivered by The World Bank e-libra
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xvi AbbreviationsCOMIFAC Conference
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xviii AbbreviationsUS$VCWRIWWFU.S.
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2 The Rainforests of Cameroonintere
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4 The Rainforests of CameroonForest
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6 The Rainforests of Cameroonnity f
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8 The Rainforests of Cameroonimport
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14 The Rainforests of Cameroonsecto
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16 The Rainforests of CameroonAltho
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24 The Rainforests of CameroonIniti
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26 The Rainforests of CameroonLaw,
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28 The Rainforests of CameroonTable
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30 The Rainforests of CameroonFigur
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32 The Rainforests of CameroonFigur
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34 The Rainforests of CameroonEffor
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36 The Rainforests of CameroonBox 3
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Page 152 and 153: 132 Appendix 1resulted in paper ref
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138 Appendix 2FMU number10.020 1038
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140 Appendix 2FMU number09.020 1069
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144 Appendix 3Type Name (type) Area
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146 Appendix 4Small-scale domestic
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148 Appendix 5The September 1997 ag
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152 Appendix 6Code in 1994 and an E
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154 Appendix 6• The Vienna Conven
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156 Appendix 6Forestry taxation ref
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158 Appendix 6to CFAF 10 billion of
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160 Appendix 6Sangha National Park)
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162 Appendix 62. Better environment
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166 Appendix 71998-99 2002-03 Evolu
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168 Appendix 71998-99 2002-03 Evolu
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170 Appendix 8Type of Processing ca
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172 Appendix 8Type of Processing ca
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176 Appendix 9Situation in 1992Area
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178 Appendix 9Situation in 2004Fisc
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182 Appendix 10forest service (or t
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184 ReferencesCarret, Giraud, and L
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186 Referencessented at the Rights
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190 The Rainforests of CameroonCons
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192 The Rainforests of CameroonIPDP
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194 The Rainforests of Cameroonvolu
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ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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Map 2. Forest Use in Cameroon, 1992
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Map 3. Status of Logging Titles in
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Map 5. Status of Protected Areas in
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Map 6. Conservation of the Ngoila-M
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