The Rainforests of Cameroon - PROFOR

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54 The Rainforests of Cameroonto enter into collaborative agreements to obtain services provided by theprivate sector, communes, local communities, and NGOs. Reorganizationof the National Office of Forest Development (Office National de Développementdes Forêts, ONADEF) typified the broad need to align forestinstitutions and their functions with the new policies. ONADEF hadbeen created before the first ministry in charge of forestry (which wasMINEF, in 1992) was established and before adoption of the 1994 ForestLaw. A parastatal in charge of industrial reforestation and promotingtimber use, ONADEF had a monopoly on forest inventories and managementplans, a status that ran counter to the development of consultingservices in the private sector and fueled the conviction that corruptionand clientelism dominated its workings. Resistance predictably delayedthe process, but ONADEF had no place in the new institutional settingand was eventually dissolved in 2002. A review of forest institutions in2002 strongly influenced preparation of the National Forest and EnvironmentSector Program (FESP), which helped to speed institutional change(including budgetary change; see the next section). ONADEF was succeededby the Agence Nationale d’Appui au Développement Forestier(ANAFOR), whose mandate is to promote financially and environmentallyviable plantations established, owned, and financed by individualfarmers, communities, and the private sector. 7Aligning Sector Expenditures with Policy ObjectivesUntil the FESP began in 2004, national budget allocations to the ForestAdministration were quite modest and did not reflect its changedfunctions. Funding for the core functions of planning, control, and lawenforcement remained largely limited to wages. Any major innovationswere funded either from extrabudgetary, ad hoc resources provided bythe Ministry of Finance or donors. ONADEF—despite its clear irrelevancein the context of the reforms—absorbed half of forest sector fundsuntil its demise (I&D 2002). The cash pumped into ONADEF’s reforestationprograms and manufacturing activities created immense opportunitiesto sustain the patronage system.In 2004, with the implementation of the FESP and support from theinternational community, a major effort began to align the budget to forestpolicy for the first Delivered time (box by The 3.7). World Budgetary Bank e-library planning to: directly reflectsThe World Bankthe objectives specified in the IP 2005 : 192.86.100.34 Forest and Environment Sector PolicyLetter (appendix 6). A Medium-term Mon, 09 Nov 2009 Expenditure 17:06:18 Framework has beenadopted in which the headings and corresponding expenditures are clearlyrelated to those in the policy letter. Although financial resources are now(c) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
Objectives and Content of the Reforms 55Box 3.7Cameroon’s Forest and Environment Sector ProgramCameroon’s Forest and Environment Sector Program (FESP) reflects the convictionthat forest management, biodiversity conservation, social equity, andgood governance are highly interdependent goals that must be approachedsimultaneously. The program reinforces the forest reform agenda by explicitlyaligning expenditures with policy objectives for the forest and greenenvironment.Developed by the government of Cameroon, nongovernmental organizations(NGOs), the World Bank, and other development partners, the FESP is a10-year program, adopted in June 2004. It provides a common sector developmentframework for government institutions, local governing bodies, communities,the private sector, NGOs, and partners active in the forest domain.Under this framework, donors support a consolidated development effort.Projects under way in the forest and environment sector have been mergedor repositioned to fit FESP objectives and implementation structures.The FESP’s components, listed in the table below, deepen and scaleup the reforms initiated with the 1994 Forest Law and the Third StructuralAdjustment Credit for Cameroon. The program gives particular emphasis tostrengthening national institutions and civil society in ways that permit localcommunities and the private sector to engage gainfully in the sustainablemanagement, conservation, and development of forests and other naturalresources.Building capacity. Perhaps the most important part of the programis to rejuvenate the human resources who manage Cameroon’s green resources.Under FESP, the Ministry of Forests (MINFOF) and the Ministry ofthe Environment and Protection of Nature (MINEP) are recruiting 1,550 newstaff: 600 in 2006, 400 in 2007, 300 in 2008, and 250 in 2009, all qualificationsincluded. This process compensates for the projected retirement oftwo-thirds of forest and environment ministry staff, thereby improving staffquality and motivation without significantly increasing the salary bill. Staffrecruitment is complemented by a training program as well as by a programto rehabilitate Delivered infrastructure, by The World supply Bank new e-library equipment, to: and reconstructThe World Bankmanagement systems for personnel, IP : 192.86.100.34 assets, inventory, material flows, andMon, 09 Nov 2009 17:06:18financial resources.Box continues on next page(c) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
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© 2009 The International Bank for
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vi ContentsChapter 3 Objectives and
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viii ContentsFigures3.1. Cameroon
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x Forewordof illegal activity. Oppo
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xii Preface and AcknowledgmentsIt i
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Delivered by The World Bank e-libra
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xvi AbbreviationsCOMIFAC Conference
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xviii AbbreviationsUS$VCWRIWWFU.S.
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132 Appendix 1resulted in paper ref
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134 Appendix 1estry laws and regula
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136 Appendix 2FMU numberFMUs alloca
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138 Appendix 2FMU number10.020 1038
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140 Appendix 2FMU number09.020 1069
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144 Appendix 3Type Name (type) Area
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146 Appendix 4Small-scale domestic
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148 Appendix 5The September 1997 ag
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152 Appendix 6Code in 1994 and an E
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154 Appendix 6• The Vienna Conven
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156 Appendix 6Forestry taxation ref
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158 Appendix 6to CFAF 10 billion of
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160 Appendix 6Sangha National Park)
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162 Appendix 62. Better environment
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166 Appendix 71998-99 2002-03 Evolu
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168 Appendix 71998-99 2002-03 Evolu
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170 Appendix 8Type of Processing ca
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176 Appendix 9Situation in 1992Area
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178 Appendix 9Situation in 2004Fisc
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182 Appendix 10forest service (or t
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184 ReferencesCarret, Giraud, and L
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186 Referencessented at the Rights
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192 The Rainforests of CameroonIPDP
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194 The Rainforests of Cameroonvolu
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ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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Map 2. Forest Use in Cameroon, 1992
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Map 3. Status of Logging Titles in
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Map 5. Status of Protected Areas in
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Map 6. Conservation of the Ngoila-M
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