Arab Knowledge Report 2009: Towards Productive

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specific cases.These flexibilities have been provided for the sake of public welfare such as the fair and just use ofintellectual property for purposes of education.24The website Dar Al Hayat, “The Mohammed bin Rashid Foundation and Elaf launch “Ma’rifa” electronicwebsite”.http://www.daralhayat.com/science_tech/02-2009/Article-20090213-+7067573f-c0a8-10ed-0095-ef1792de150d/story. html, on 14 February, 2009.25See the Qatar Foundation’s website: http://www.qf.edu.qa/output/page40.asp.26“Cooperation Agreement to Assure ‘Freedom of Knowledge Movement’ and a Conference on Investing in ArabInventors,” http://www.mawhopon.net/ver_ar/news.php?news_id=3971 on 16 March, 2009.27“Grounding the Culture of Invention in the Society: Prizes Distributed at Inventors’ Exhibition,” http://www.sec.gov.qa/content/resources/detail/19079 on 16 March, 2009.28The Qatar initiative to develop education website, March 2009: “Sheikha Al Hamud: Honoring high-achievers is afeature of a developed society,” http://www.sec.gov.qa/content/resources/detail/19079 on 10 March, 2009.29“Kuwait hosts the first regional inventors’ exhibition,” http://www.mawhopon.net/ver_ar/news.php?news_id=2757 on 16 March, 2009.30”The Syrian Ministry of Trade announces a contest for the best young inventor for 2008…”http://www.mawhopon.net/ver_ar/news.php?news_id=3195 on 16 March, 2009.31European Commission website: “2010 in the context of information and communications technology and theLisbon Strategy,”http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/eeurope/i2010/ict_and_lisbon/index_en.htm, on March16, 2009.32LEFIS, http://www.ittig.cnr.it, on March 10, 2009.33For more information on the institute, see the website: http://www.freeknowledge.eu/34The first four freedoms are: the free mobility of humans, capital, services, and products among countries of theEuropean Union.35In view of the continuing restrictions of associated freedoms, and particularly political freedom, some observers areplacing their bets on economic freedom alone as the lever most likely to raise Arab developmental and knowledgeperformance, alluding to the possibility of the Arab region repeating the achievements of certain countries in Eastand South Asia and of China. Such a bet is beset by risks and pitfalls. A large body of literature exists that offersa different assessment of the experience of these Asian countries. In light of the clear differences in the regionaland global political situations of each area, and the clear difference between them in terms of economic and socialmake-up and systems of knowledge and production, such comparisons and bets are fraught with difficulty.ARAB KNOWLEDGE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTS93
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United Nations Development Programm
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This Report has been produced throu
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This year’s report may perhapsbes
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ICT in the Arab countries and reinf
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CONTENTSPREAMBLEIntroductionPrelimi
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Quantitative indicatorsTertiary edu
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LIST OF BOXESBox 1 The Effect of th
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Figure 5-7 Published scientific art
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Table 21 Time devoted to secondary
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The knowledgefield and revolutionto
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The literature onhuman rights place
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Arabic istechnologicallypoor in com
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Intercommunicationwith the self mea
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Table 2CountryGroupGroup 1: Oilecon
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Figure 2504540353025201510508070605
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In the period2003-2007, morethan 83
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eversion, in many cases, is not ass
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Thus the Arab region in general, an
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knowledge over recent years. This w
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However, this progress remains limi
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CHAPTER ONETHE THEORETICAL FRAMEWOR
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The successfuldeployment ofthe know
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The knowledgerevolution atthe end o
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Technology, theeconomy, andsociety,
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No one pursuesknowledge forits own
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The Report adoptsa concept ofknowle
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The goal of thiscritical review isn
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In our bidfor economicand humandeve
Page 59 and 60: The political reformproject remains
Page 61 and 62: Globalisation isdependent oninforma
Page 63 and 64: The battle overknowledge in oursoci
Page 65 and 66: The most obviousexample of the gapb
Page 67 and 68: BOX 1-9The Virtual as an Interrogat
Page 69 and 70: The upsurge intechnologicalprowess
Page 71 and 72: Collective humaneffort must bedirec
Page 73 and 74: End Notes1Epistemic saturation refe
Page 76 and 77: CHAPTER TWOARAB KNOWLEDGE PERFORMAN
Page 78 and 79: current economic crisis in the autu
Page 80 and 81: FIGURE 2-3Perceptions of corruption
Page 82 and 83: technology infrastructure, blogs ar
Page 84 and 85: nations continue to occupy their pr
Page 86 and 87: to the third oil boom, which reache
Page 88 and 89: have realised a degree of progress
Page 90 and 91: FIGURE 2-8Index of global competiti
Page 92 and 93: FIGURE 2-10Net exports of manufactu
Page 94 and 95: namely the spread of poverty, socia
Page 96 and 97: TABLE 2-2Arab Countries according t
Page 98 and 99: while some of these nine countries
Page 100 and 101: and political participation. All of
Page 102 and 103: first INTEL computer club; INTELis
Page 104 and 105: from the ages of thirteen to twenty
Page 106 and 107: solutions that allow use of the ava
Page 108 and 109: to this trajectory, a consumer, not
Page 112: CHAPTER THREEEDUCATION AND THE FORM
Page 115 and 116: In the last quarterof a century, Ar
Page 117 and 118: Knowledge is morethan the informati
Page 119 and 120: Although thelaws in most Arabcountr
Page 121 and 122: FIGURE 3-2: 19Basic knowledge capit
Page 123 and 124: Arab educationalcurricula in genera
Page 125 and 126: While Arab countriesvary greatly in
Page 127 and 128: FIGURE 3-390Advanced knowledge capi
Page 129 and 130: BOX 3-4The Commission for the Delib
Page 131 and 132: BOX 3-6Higher education in the Arab
Page 133 and 134: The available dataon the fields ofe
Page 135 and 136: Literacy ratesamong adults havenot
Page 137 and 138: Eight Arab countrieshave a critical
Page 139 and 140: Most Arab countrieshave been unable
Page 141 and 142: Statistical analysesshow a definite
Page 143 and 144: FIGURE 3-7Science performance of ei
Page 145 and 146: BOX 3-9Human Capital Formation to M
Page 147 and 148: BOX 3-10The Lebanese Association fo
Page 149 and 150: Clearly, the “lightsof knowledge
Page 151 and 152: End Notes1“Adult” is defined he
Page 153 and 154: 40Accurate statistics are not avail
Page 155 and 156: level or the equivalent, post-secon
Page 158: CHAPTER FOURINFORMATION AND COMMUNI
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Over the last tenyears the Arabcoun
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FIGURE 4-3Internet users - Arab wor
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FIGURE 4-5Price basket for internet
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The growth ratein Arabic-speakingin
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During the comingdecade thetechnolo
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Strategic decisionstaken in many Ar
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In general, the Arabcountries are c
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FIGURE 4-8Availability of e-governm
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Some Arab stateshave taken initiati
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In contradiction tothe call to rest
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The experiences ofboth developingan
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FIGURE 4-10Paper consumption worldw
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A system formachine parsingArabic s
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BOX 4-7Egypt’s Centre for Documen
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More research shouldbe directed tow
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The possession ofinformation andcom
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End Notes1According to the majority
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Technology research and development
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CHAPTER FIVEARAB PERFORMANCE INRESE
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FIGURE 5-3Per capita GDP and the in
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the import and consumption of ready
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FIGURE 5-4Arab-international cooper
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are characterised by flexibility to
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esearchers prefer to remain in univ
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Arab countries can be ranked in ter
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FIGURE 5-5Arab participation in the
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Institute in the USA. By analysing
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5-6). A tabulation of all the Arab
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partnerships with foreign scientifi
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and anthropology have decreased (Ha
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Arabic). Aversion to reading is con
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to attract a number of invested par
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and security conditions offered by
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driven economies that are in the fi
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• Real and deep-rooted developmen
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of $1.57 billion due to human capit
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CHAPTER SIXBUILDING THE KNOWLEDGESO
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This can only come about through th
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proposals intended to give impetus
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knowledge society must be considere
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the Arab individual’s options to
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and the distribution of the benefit
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FIGURE 6-2Priorities for action to
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priorities in the area of movement
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ACTION TO DEPLOYKNOWLEDGEAction on
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knowledge technologies and their me
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REFERENCES
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Maghrib (Women and Politics: politi
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http://www.moe.gov.ps/intifada/repo
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Washington, D.C. www.heritage.org/i
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The World Bank. 2002. “Constructi
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ANNEX 1. LIST OF BACKGROUNDPAPERS (
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ANNEX 2. PROJECT FOR ADATABASE ON K
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include search engines, hyperlinks
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is arrived at by specifying the cou
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the knowledge economy. On this basi
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FIGURE A-3Index values for the pill
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TABLE A-4Availability of knowledge
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even contradictory. For example, da
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STATISTICAL ANNEX
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Table 2: Human Development IndicesC
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Table 4: World Bank Knowledge Econo
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Table 6: Worldwide governance indic
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Table 8: World Bank Economic Incent
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Table 10: Gross enrolment ratio in
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Table 12: World Bank Education and
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Table 14: Regional literacy rates a
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Table 17: Gross enrolment ratios in
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Table 19: Time devoted to education
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Table 21: Time devoted to secondary
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Table 23: Enrolment in tertiary edu
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Table 25: Number of specialists in
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Table 27: School life expectancy in
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Table 29: Government expenditure on
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Table 31: Number of students from s
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Table 33: World Bank Innovation Sys
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Table 35: World Bank indicators for
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(b) The growth of fixed and mobile
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for example, technological under-pr
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Table c-2: Classification of the Ar
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End Notes1For example a news report
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