Arab Knowledge Report 2009: Towards Productive

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the President of the ICRC ExpressesHis Sorrow at the Deterioration ofConditions for the Inhabitants of theRegion).http://www.icrc.org/web/ara/siteara0.nsf/htmlall/sudannews-210207? opendocument, on 10 March,2009.Jad‘an, Fahmi. 2002. Riyah al-‘Asr (TheWinds of the Age). Al-Mu’assasa al-‘Arabiyya lil-Dirasat wal-Nashr, Beirut.Kulu, Adib. 2006. Qadya al-Tamwil wal-Infaq fi al-Bahth al-‘Ilmi wal-Tatwir wa-Mu’assasatuhu wa-Mutatallibat IbtikarMasadir Tamwil Jadida (Issues regardingFunding and Spending on ScientificResearch & Development, ResearchInstitutions, and the Prerequisites forthe Creation of New Funding Sources).National Conference on ScientificResearch and the Development ofTechnology, 24-26 May, 2006. Centrefor Scientific Research and Studies,Damascus.Majallat ‘Alam al-Fikr. 2007. Al-Jinum(The Genome). Special issue. Vol. 2,Issue 35. Kuwait.Majallat al-Badil. 2007. “Mukhaffafa amMahdhufa? Tafawud am Musawama?:‘Hiyya Fawda?’ – Tafasil al-Lahza al-Akhira qabl al-‘Ard” (“Sugarcoated orCensured? Negotiation or Pressure?:‘Hiyya Fawda’ – Details of the LastMinutes before the Show” in Majallatal-Badil, No. 133, 29 November 2007.Majallat Mustaqbaliyyat. 2001. MajallaFasliyya Tabi‘a lil-Yunisku (A PeriodicalIssued by UNESCO). March, 2001.–––. 2003. Majalla Fasliyya Tabi‘a lil-Yunisku (A Periodical Issued byUNESCO). June, 2003.Markaz Dirasat al-Wihda al’Arabiyya,2000. Dimuqratiyya min dunDimuqratiyyin: Siyasat al-infitah fi al-’alam al-’Arabi-al-Islami/Nadwa Fikriyya(Democracy without Democrats: Policiesof Liberalisation in the Arab IslamicWorld / An Intellectual Seminar).Markaz Disarat al-Wihda al-’Arabiyya,Beirut.Mu’assasat al-Buhuth al-Dawliyya(Frazer Institute). 2005. Al-Hurriyyaal-Iqtisadiyya fi al-‘Alam al-‘Arabi:taqrir wa-mu’ashshir 2005 (EconomicFreedom in the Arab World: report andindex for 2005). Mu’assasat al-Buhuthal-Dawliyya, Oman.Mu’assasat al-Fikr al-‘Arabi. 2008. Al-Taqrir al-‘Arabi al-Awwal lil-Tanmiyaal-Thaqafiyya (The First Arab Reporton Cultural Development). Mu’assasatal-Fikr al-‘Arabi, Beirut.Palestinian Ministry of Education andHigher Education. 2006. Ta’thir Jidaral-Damm wal-Tawassu‘ al-‘Unsuri ‘alaal-Ta‘lim al-Filastini (The Impact of theRacist ‘Appropriation and Expansion’Wall on Palestinian Education).http://www.moe.gov.ps/publications/wall2006.pdf, on 10 March, 2009.–––. 2009a. Athar al-Ihtilal al-Tadmiriyya‘ala al-‘Amaliyya al-Ta‘limiyya khilal‘Am 2008 (Destructive Impacts ofthe Occupation on Education during2008).http://www.moe.gov.ps on 10 March,2009.–––. 2009b. Athar al-Ihtilal al-Isra’ili ‘alaal-Tarbiya wal-Ta‘lim mundh 28 Aylul/Sibtimbir 2000 – 19 Kanun al-Thani/Yanayir 2009 (The Impact of theIsraeli Occupation on Education from28 September, 2000 to 19 January,2009). www.moe.gov.ps/downloads/textdoc/assa.doc.–––. 2009c. Al-Atfal al-Filastiniyyun:Waqi‘ mu’lim wa-Awda‘ Sa‘ba(Palestinian Children: a Painful Realityand Difficult Conditions).REFERENCES243
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United Nations Development Programm
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This Report has been produced throu
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This year’s report may perhapsbes
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ICT in the Arab countries and reinf
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CONTENTSPREAMBLEIntroductionPrelimi
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Quantitative indicatorsTertiary edu
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LIST OF BOXESBox 1 The Effect of th
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Figure 5-7 Published scientific art
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Table 21 Time devoted to secondary
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The knowledgefield and revolutionto
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The literature onhuman rights place
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Arabic istechnologicallypoor in com
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Intercommunicationwith the self mea
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Table 2CountryGroupGroup 1: Oilecon
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Figure 2504540353025201510508070605
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In the period2003-2007, morethan 83
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eversion, in many cases, is not ass
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Thus the Arab region in general, an
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knowledge over recent years. This w
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However, this progress remains limi
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CHAPTER ONETHE THEORETICAL FRAMEWOR
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The successfuldeployment ofthe know
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The knowledgerevolution atthe end o
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Technology, theeconomy, andsociety,
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No one pursuesknowledge forits own
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The Report adoptsa concept ofknowle
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The goal of thiscritical review isn
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In our bidfor economicand humandeve
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The political reformproject remains
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Globalisation isdependent oninforma
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The battle overknowledge in oursoci
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The most obviousexample of the gapb
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BOX 1-9The Virtual as an Interrogat
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The upsurge intechnologicalprowess
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Collective humaneffort must bedirec
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End Notes1Epistemic saturation refe
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CHAPTER TWOARAB KNOWLEDGE PERFORMAN
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current economic crisis in the autu
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FIGURE 2-3Perceptions of corruption
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technology infrastructure, blogs ar
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nations continue to occupy their pr
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to the third oil boom, which reache
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have realised a degree of progress
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FIGURE 2-8Index of global competiti
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FIGURE 2-10Net exports of manufactu
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namely the spread of poverty, socia
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TABLE 2-2Arab Countries according t
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while some of these nine countries
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and political participation. All of
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first INTEL computer club; INTELis
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from the ages of thirteen to twenty
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solutions that allow use of the ava
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to this trajectory, a consumer, not
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specific cases.These flexibilities
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CHAPTER THREEEDUCATION AND THE FORM
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FIGURE 3-1Education and human resou
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of the qualitative knowledge capita
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TABLE 3-1CountryOpportunities for b
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Virtually the only area in which Ar
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must possess if they aspire to part
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TABLE 3-2Opportunities for the form
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General secondary education andthe
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elatively high enrolment rates of b
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Available data shows large discrepa
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TABLE 3-3Comparison of overall resu
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females. According to this data, to
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show educational accomplishments am
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inroads well beyond their current f
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FIGURE 3-6aMaths performance of eig
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BOX 3-8The Contribution of Non-Publ
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Kuwait, and the worst performers su
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emained encumbered by the prevailin
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eveal the breadth of the gap that c
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countries and providing a picture o
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information systems. The available
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89Finland, for example, whose stude
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CHAPTER FOURINFORMATION AND COMMUNI
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FIGURE 4-1ICT index values for Arab
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countries and the Arab countries. T
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Arab countries-Egypt, Algeria, Leba
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of Arabic content and its low rate
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exchange of future technology servi
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of national partnerships aimed at s
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TABLE 4-2Readiness of Arab countrie
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as the implementation of programmes
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BOX 4-2Evaluating the Performance o
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of common principles that guarantee
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data from various sources and then
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FIGURE 4-11Paper consumption and in
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processing and the methods and tool
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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEAND FUTURE INI
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within bounds that do not hinder bu
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preservation and the consolidation
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21As a result of the nature of comp
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CHAPTER FIVEARAB PERFORMANCE IN RES
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FIGURE 5-1Innovation system index f
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The extremely lowamounts spentby Ar
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It has become clearthat the wager o
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Joint researchprojects among Arabsc
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Theoretically, themore researcherst
Page 209 and 210: Average expenditureon scientific re
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Page 213 and 214: BOX 5-8For the last three decades,
Page 215 and 216: FIGURE 5-7Published scientific arti
Page 217 and 218: A review of theperiod from 2002to 2
Page 219 and 220: Social scienceresearch holds aspeci
Page 221 and 222: Most Arabic-languageperiodicals in
Page 223 and 224: Arab societies arefilled with examp
Page 225 and 226: Human capitalis among Arabcountries
Page 227 and 228: TABLE 5-12Trade in technological pr
Page 229 and 230: It is ironic thatalthough the Arabw
Page 231 and 232: End Notes1UNESCO Institute for Stat
Page 234: CHAPTER SIXBUILDING THE KNOWLEDGE S
Page 237 and 238: The most conspicuousfeature of thek
Page 239 and 240: A review of nationalplans in the Ar
Page 241 and 242: The positiveachievements inthe Arab
Page 243 and 244: One of the keyfoundations of thevis
Page 245 and 246: Freedom andinstitutionalisationare
Page 247 and 248: Priorities are subjectto a great de
Page 249 and 250: If we admit thatlanguage is avehicl
Page 251 and 252: The major challengelies in changing
Page 253 and 254: Deployment is linkedto the creation
Page 255 and 256: The variousproposals includedin thi
Page 258 and 259: ReferencesReferences in Arabic‘Ab
Page 262 and 263: al-Duwal al-‘Arabiyya, UNESCO’s
Page 264 and 265: Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development asF
Page 266: Castells, Manuel. (1998/2001). LaSo
Page 269 and 270: the Age of Technology).• Binsa‘
Page 271 and 272: egional and international levels an
Page 274 and 275: ANNEX 3. MEASUREMENT OF THE ARABCOU
Page 276 and 277: indicators that make up the pillar.
Page 278 and 279: countries’ rankings among the cou
Page 280 and 281: of the Arab countries and suffer fr
Page 282 and 283: Freedom House and Heritage Institut
Page 284: Endnotes* This annex was prepared b
Page 288 and 289: STATISTICAL ANNEXGENERAL INDICATORS
Page 290 and 291: Table 3: Economic IndicatorsCountry
Page 292 and 293: KNOWLEDGE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTST
Page 294 and 295: Table 7: Press Freedom Index in the
Page 296 and 297: EDUCATIONTable 9: Adult literacy ra
Page 298 and 299: Table 11: Gross enrolment ratios in
Page 300 and 301: Table 13: Adult illiterate populati
Page 302 and 303: Table 16: Net and gross enrolment i
Page 304 and 305: Table 18: Lessons in basic educatio
Page 306 and 307: Table 20: Literacy rates among youn
Page 308 and 309: Table 22: Evolution of enrolment ra
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Table 24: Student enrolment rates i
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Table 26: Distribution of graduates
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Table 28: Estimated educational lev
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Table 30: Enrolment rates in non-go
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RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONTable 32: Nu
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Table 34: Indicators on research an
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INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHN
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FIGURE b-2Growth in average number
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competition between the internet se
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Table c-4: Ranking of a group of Ar
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United Nations Development Programm
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