Arab Knowledge Report 2009: Towards Productive

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Table 13: Adult illiterate population and children (of primary school age)out of school in the Arab countries by gender 2007 (or closest two years)Number of illiteratesNumber of children out of schoolMale(000s)Female(000s)Total(000s)GenderparityindexMale(000s)Female(000s)Total(000s)GenderparityindexAlgeria 1918 4057 5974 2.12 61 88 149 1.44Bahrain 32 31 63 0.97 0.283 0.137 0.420 0.48Comoros 48 74 122 1.54 .. .. .. ..Djibouti .. .. .. .. 27 29 56 1.07Egypt 6256 10567 16824 1.69 10 222 232 22.20Iraq .. .. .. .. 109 398 508 3.65Jordan 87 219 305 2.52 34 26 60 0.76Kuwait 66 56 122 0.85 5 7 13 1.40Lebanon 94 215 309 2.29 37 37 74 1.00Libya 124 445 569 3.59 .. .. .. ..Mauritania 346 486 832 1.40 51 38 89 0.75Morocco 3349 6467 9816 1.93 157 237 395 1.51Occupied PalestinianTerritories31 104 136 3.35 56 52 108 0.93Oman 108 166 274 1.54 46 41 87 0.89Qatar 29 18 47 0.62 0.700 0.454 1 0.65Saudi Arabia 1032 1441 2473 1.40 245 252 497 1.03Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Syria 663 1505 2168 2.27 .. .. .. ..Tunisia 529 1205 1733 2.28 21 14 35 0.67UAE 249 78 328 0.31 2 3 5 1.50Yemen 1414 3667 5081 2.59 275 632 906 2.30Source: Database of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ on 1 June 2009.STATISTICAL ANNEX283
Table 14: Regional literacy rates and gross enrolment in primary and the upper stage of basiceducation 2007 (or the closest two years) in the Arab region and the other regions of the worldRegionLiteracy rate(%)Gross enrolment ratio inprimary education (%)Gross enrolment ratio inthe upper stage of basiceducation (%)Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female TotalNorth America andWestern EuropeCentral and EasternEurope99 99 99 101 101 101 104 103 10399 96 98 98 96 97 90 89 89Latin America and theCaribbean92 91 91 120 116 118 100 104 102Central Asia 99 98 99 101 99 100 96 93 95East Asia and the Pacific 96 91 93 110 108 109 92 92 92Arab countries 82 62 73 102 92 97 85 77 81South and West Asia 75 54 64 111 105 108 70 62 66Sub-Saharan Africa 71 54 62 101 89 95 43 34 38Source: Database of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ on 25 February 2009.Table 15: Ratios of gross enrolment in upper secondary and tertiary education and average school lifeexpectancy in the Arab countries and the other regions of the world 2006 (or the closest two years)RegionGross enrolment ratio in uppersecondary education(%)Gross enrolment ratio intertiary education(%)Male Female Total Male Female TotalSchool lifeexpectancy(years)North America and WesternEurope98 98 98 60 80 70 15.8Central and Eastern Europe 88 83 85 53 66 60 12.8Latin America and the Caribbean 70 79 74 29 34 31 13.1Central Asia 87 81 84 24 26 25 11.1East Asia and the Pacific 58 59 58 25 24 25 11.0Arab countries 55 53 54 22 22 22 10.1South and West Asia 43 35 39 12 9 11 8.3Sub-Saharan Africa 27 21 24 6 4 5 7.3Source: Database of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ on 25 February 2009.284 ARAB KNOWLEDGE REPORT 2009
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United Nations Development Programm
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This Report has been produced throu
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This year’s report may perhapsbes
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ICT in the Arab countries and reinf
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CONTENTSPREAMBLEIntroductionPrelimi
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Quantitative indicatorsTertiary edu
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LIST OF BOXESBox 1 The Effect of th
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Figure 5-7 Published scientific art
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Table 21 Time devoted to secondary
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The knowledgefield and revolutionto
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The literature onhuman rights place
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Arabic istechnologicallypoor in com
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Intercommunicationwith the self mea
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Table 2CountryGroupGroup 1: Oilecon
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Figure 2504540353025201510508070605
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In the period2003-2007, morethan 83
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eversion, in many cases, is not ass
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Thus the Arab region in general, an
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knowledge over recent years. This w
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However, this progress remains limi
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CHAPTER ONETHE THEORETICAL FRAMEWOR
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The successfuldeployment ofthe know
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The knowledgerevolution atthe end o
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Technology, theeconomy, andsociety,
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No one pursuesknowledge forits own
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The Report adoptsa concept ofknowle
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The goal of thiscritical review isn
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In our bidfor economicand humandeve
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The political reformproject remains
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Globalisation isdependent oninforma
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The battle overknowledge in oursoci
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The most obviousexample of the gapb
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BOX 1-9The Virtual as an Interrogat
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The upsurge intechnologicalprowess
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Collective humaneffort must bedirec
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End Notes1Epistemic saturation refe
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CHAPTER TWOARAB KNOWLEDGE PERFORMAN
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current economic crisis in the autu
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FIGURE 2-3Perceptions of corruption
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technology infrastructure, blogs ar
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nations continue to occupy their pr
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to the third oil boom, which reache
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have realised a degree of progress
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FIGURE 2-8Index of global competiti
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FIGURE 2-10Net exports of manufactu
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namely the spread of poverty, socia
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TABLE 2-2Arab Countries according t
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while some of these nine countries
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and political participation. All of
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first INTEL computer club; INTELis
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from the ages of thirteen to twenty
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solutions that allow use of the ava
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to this trajectory, a consumer, not
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specific cases.These flexibilities
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CHAPTER THREEEDUCATION AND THE FORM
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FIGURE 3-1Education and human resou
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of the qualitative knowledge capita
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TABLE 3-1CountryOpportunities for b
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Virtually the only area in which Ar
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must possess if they aspire to part
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TABLE 3-2Opportunities for the form
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General secondary education andthe
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elatively high enrolment rates of b
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Available data shows large discrepa
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TABLE 3-3Comparison of overall resu
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females. According to this data, to
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show educational accomplishments am
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inroads well beyond their current f
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FIGURE 3-6aMaths performance of eig
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BOX 3-8The Contribution of Non-Publ
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Kuwait, and the worst performers su
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emained encumbered by the prevailin
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eveal the breadth of the gap that c
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countries and providing a picture o
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information systems. The available
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89Finland, for example, whose stude
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CHAPTER FOURINFORMATION AND COMMUNI
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FIGURE 4-1ICT index values for Arab
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countries and the Arab countries. T
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Arab countries-Egypt, Algeria, Leba
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of Arabic content and its low rate
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exchange of future technology servi
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of national partnerships aimed at s
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TABLE 4-2Readiness of Arab countrie
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as the implementation of programmes
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BOX 4-2Evaluating the Performance o
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of common principles that guarantee
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data from various sources and then
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FIGURE 4-11Paper consumption and in
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processing and the methods and tool
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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEAND FUTURE INI
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within bounds that do not hinder bu
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preservation and the consolidation
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21As a result of the nature of comp
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CHAPTER FIVEARAB PERFORMANCE IN RES
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FIGURE 5-1Innovation system index f
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The extremely lowamounts spentby Ar
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It has become clearthat the wager o
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Joint researchprojects among Arabsc
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Theoretically, themore researcherst
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Average expenditureon scientific re
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BOX 5-6Jordan’s “A Professor in
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BOX 5-8For the last three decades,
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FIGURE 5-7Published scientific arti
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A review of theperiod from 2002to 2
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Social scienceresearch holds aspeci
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Most Arabic-languageperiodicals in
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Arab societies arefilled with examp
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Human capitalis among Arabcountries
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TABLE 5-12Trade in technological pr
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It is ironic thatalthough the Arabw
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End Notes1UNESCO Institute for Stat
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CHAPTER SIXBUILDING THE KNOWLEDGE S
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The most conspicuousfeature of thek
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A review of nationalplans in the Ar
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The positiveachievements inthe Arab
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One of the keyfoundations of thevis
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Freedom andinstitutionalisationare
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Priorities are subjectto a great de
Page 249 and 250: If we admit thatlanguage is avehicl
Page 251 and 252: The major challengelies in changing
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Page 255 and 256: The variousproposals includedin thi
Page 258 and 259: ReferencesReferences in Arabic‘Ab
Page 260 and 261: the President of the ICRC Expresses
Page 262 and 263: al-Duwal al-‘Arabiyya, UNESCO’s
Page 264 and 265: Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development asF
Page 266: Castells, Manuel. (1998/2001). LaSo
Page 269 and 270: the Age of Technology).• Binsa‘
Page 271 and 272: egional and international levels an
Page 274 and 275: ANNEX 3. MEASUREMENT OF THE ARABCOU
Page 276 and 277: indicators that make up the pillar.
Page 278 and 279: countries’ rankings among the cou
Page 280 and 281: of the Arab countries and suffer fr
Page 282 and 283: Freedom House and Heritage Institut
Page 284: Endnotes* This annex was prepared b
Page 288 and 289: STATISTICAL ANNEXGENERAL INDICATORS
Page 290 and 291: Table 3: Economic IndicatorsCountry
Page 292 and 293: KNOWLEDGE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTST
Page 294 and 295: Table 7: Press Freedom Index in the
Page 296 and 297: EDUCATIONTable 9: Adult literacy ra
Page 298 and 299: Table 11: Gross enrolment ratios in
Page 302 and 303: Table 16: Net and gross enrolment i
Page 304 and 305: Table 18: Lessons in basic educatio
Page 306 and 307: Table 20: Literacy rates among youn
Page 308 and 309: Table 22: Evolution of enrolment ra
Page 310 and 311: Table 24: Student enrolment rates i
Page 312 and 313: Table 26: Distribution of graduates
Page 314 and 315: Table 28: Estimated educational lev
Page 316 and 317: Table 30: Enrolment rates in non-go
Page 318 and 319: RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONTable 32: Nu
Page 320 and 321: Table 34: Indicators on research an
Page 322 and 323: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHN
Page 324 and 325: FIGURE b-2Growth in average number
Page 326 and 327: competition between the internet se
Page 328 and 329: Table c-4: Ranking of a group of Ar
Page 332: United Nations Development Programm
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Arab Knowledge Report 2009: Towards Productive

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