NIST Technical Note 1337: Characterization of Clocks and Oscillators

1n tenns of the typical performance of this pltrticl.Ilarc~silnl\' and 1n as much as we were doingsome other testing within the environment, such as'Working on power supplies and cnarg1ng and dischargingbatteries. we did some later tests.Figure 7.S i. a plot of 0y(t) after the .tandarA'E" tmOO. ---'"FIGURE 8.2One can plot a graph showing MIlSfrequency for a g11/en signal.is called the power spectrum.f1 gure 8.1 the power spectrwn wi 11power vs.This kind of plotFor the wavefontl ofhave a hi gnvalue at Voand will have lower values for thes1gnals produced by the glitches. Claser analysisreveals that there i5 a recognizable, someWhatCDnstant repetition rate associated with theglitches.In fact, \tI'e can deduce. that there is asignificant amount of power fn another slgna1whose period is the p!riod of the glitches asshown in figure 8.2. Letls call the frequency ofthe glitches "s. Since this is the case, we willobserve a noticeable amount of power in the sp@c"trum at "s with an amp 1itude which is related tothe Characteristics of the gl itChes,The powerspectrum shown in fi gure 8.3 has this feature.predomi nant "5 component has been depicted, butother harmonics also exist.A-1FIGURE B.lHere \Il'e have a sine wave which's perturnedfor short fnstances by noise. Some 100cely referto these types of noises as uglitches ll • The~aveformhas a nominal f~~uency ov~r one cyc:le"",hich we'll call !lOUOII (\'1'0 =~). At times, noisecaUSes the 1nstantaneous frequency to differQFIGURE S.319TN-32