NIST Technical Note 1337: Characterization of Clocks and Oscillators

Again, we choose a Fourier frequency. say f = 100,land see that S~ (100) = 10- 14 • Assumi ng f h = 10 4Hz, we thus obtain:a~(L) = 7.59 x 10- 2t . ~2therefore,The resultant time domain characterization isshown in figure 11.2.16 'IO~ei'Of'10""rjI'10-0................r..........rDl .e..l 0·........... .:t:lr.. - o-atrd~ rfJ. 0'" q 10'....~"l'I1II:,'tl~FIGURE 11.2The translation of S~(f) of figure 11.1 yields thisCJ (t) yplot.Dr. ....._.J-_--I__..L-_......._-J'--_..l-_--'10'" J:)-5 10"" r:j~ Ji~ 10i (Ht>FIGURE 11.4Figures 11.3 and 11.4 show plots of timedomainstability and a translation to frequencydomain. Since table 11.1 has the coefficientswhich connect both the frequency and time domains,it may be used for translation to and from eitherdomain.XII. CAUSES OF NOISE PROPERTIES IN A SIGNAL SOURCE12.1 Power-law Noise ProcessesSection IX pointed out the five commonly usedpower-law models of noise. With respect to S~(f).one can estimate a staight line slope (on a log-logscale) which corresponds to a particular noisetype. This;s shown in figure 12.1 (also fig.9.1).·]0...... ...... -'OS""..... ~ -.c:o:"""'".........., ~..~"" ........... ....'a.Gues. '" ..........It/!> '----...... -'-__......J. ..l-__......l, r:r os~."...,t1S)·\]0.1SO~-------~--....:::::.;:::~~·170 "-:'---i.:---~i.:--_-.l~-_-..I100 10 1 10 2 10 J 104M1ruulIU ruouuCT (IIfLlCIU P.70FIGURE 11.3FIGURE 12.137TN-50