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xx ABBREVIATIONS GDP GIS GNI GPS GSMA GTAP HEWs HMIS HS I2D2 IANA IATA ICANN ICT ID IDRC IETF IFAD IFC IoT IP IPRs ISP IT ITRs ITU IXP KILM LDCs LLU LPI LTE M&E MDGs MFN MLM MOOC MSM NGO NTM OECD OLPC OSI OTT PC PFR PIAAC PISA PM 2.5 gross domestic product geographic information system gross national income global positioning system Groupe Speciale Mobile Association (aka Global System for Mobile communications Association) Global Trade Analysis Project Health Extension Workers Health Management Information System harmonized classification system International Income Distribution Database (World Bank) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority International Air Transport Association Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers information and communication technology identification International Development Research Centre (Canada) Internet Engineering Task Force International Fund for Agricultural Development International Finance Corporation (of the World Bank Group) internet of things intellectual property; internet protocol intellectual property rights internet service provider information technology International Telecommunication Regulations International Telecommunication Union internet exchange point Key Indicators of the Labour Market least developed countries local loop unbundling Logistics Performance Index Long Term Evolution monitoring and evaluation Millennium Development Goals (United Nations) most favored nation multilateral model massive open online course multistakeholder model nongovernmental organization nontariff measure Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development One Laptop per Child online service index over-the-top personal computer Program for Results (World Bank) Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies Programme for International Student Assessment particulates with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers
ABBREVIATIONS xxi PMR POP PPP PTT R&D RFID RSS SCM SDGs SIM SMEs SMS STEM STEP SYNOP TFP TRCs UN UNCTAD USAID USF VAT W3C WDI WDR 2016 team WEF WIPO WITS WTO Product Market Regulation point of presence public-private partnership; purchasing power parity public telephone and telegraph research and development radio frequency identification Rich Site Summary supply chain management Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations) subscriber identification module small and medium enterprises short message service science, technology, engineering, and mathematics Skills Towards Employability and Productivity (World Bank) surface synoptic observations total factor productivity Truth and Reconciliation Commissions United Nations United Nations Conference on Trade and Development U.S. Agency for International Development Universal Service Fund value added tax World Wide Web Consortium World Development Indicators (World Bank database) team for the 2016 World Development Report World Economic Forum World Intellectual Property Organization World Integrated Trade Solution (World Bank database) World Trade Organization Currencies $A Australian dollar € euro K Sh Kenyan shilling ₹ US$ Y Indian rupee U.S. dollar Chinese yuan Units of measurement GB gigabyte Gbit/s gigabits per second GHz gigahertz kbps kilobits per second kWh Mbit/s MHz Tbit/s kilowatt-hour megabits per second megahertz terabits per second Country and economy codes AFG Afghanistan AGO Angola ALB Albania ARE United Arab Emirates ARG Argentina ARM Armenia AUS AUT AZE BDI BEL BEN Australia Austria Azerbaijan Burundi Belgium Benin
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Page 5 and 6: A World Bank Group Flagship Report
Page 7 and 8: Contents xiii xv xix Foreword Ackno
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS vii Boxes O.1 5 Frequently
Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS ix O.24 35 Digital safegua
Page 13 and 14: CONTENTS xi B3.8.1 178 Autocratic g
Page 15 and 16: Foreword We find ourselves in the m
Page 17 and 18: Acknowledgments This Report was pre
Page 19: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xvii Karl Chua, Mas
Page 24 and 25: xxii ABBREVIATIONS BFA Burkina Faso
Page 26: Inclusion Efficiency Innovation
Page 29 and 30: OVERVIEW 3 Figure O.1 Digital techn
Page 31 and 32: OVERVIEW 5 Box O.1 Frequently asked
Page 33 and 34: OVERVIEW 7 Map O.1 The internet is
Page 35 and 36: OVERVIEW 9 Figure O.6 The digital d
Page 37 and 38: OVERVIEW 11 This mechanism operates
Page 39 and 40: OVERVIEW 13 Figure O.10 The size of
Page 41 and 42: OVERVIEW 15 Box O.3 Bridging the di
Page 43 and 44: OVERVIEW 17 sector is thus challeng
Page 45 and 46: OVERVIEW 19 skills that help them b
Page 47 and 48: OVERVIEW 21 Figure O.15 Labor share
Page 49 and 50: OVERVIEW 23 Figure O.18 From a tech
Page 51 and 52: OVERVIEW 25 governments and citizen
Page 53 and 54: OVERVIEW 27 Box O.6 Nailing Jell-O
Page 55 and 56: OVERVIEW 29 as well as higher secur
Page 57 and 58: OVERVIEW 31 Figure O.22 Policy prio
Page 59 and 60: OVERVIEW 33 Figure O.23 The types o
Page 61 and 62: OVERVIEW 35 Box O.12 Can continuous
Page 63 and 64: OVERVIEW 37 Box O.13 European Union
Page 65 and 66: OVERVIEW 39 29. Data for 2014 of ne
Page 67 and 68: OVERVIEW 41 OECD (Organisation for
Page 69 and 70: HOW THE INTERNET PROMOTES DEVELOPME
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HOW THE INTERNET PROMOTES DEVELOPME
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D
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 51 varies with
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 53 Map 1.1 Many
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 55 Figure 1.6 L
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 57 Figure 1.7 I
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 59 Box 1.3 Is t
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 61 Map 1.2 Chin
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 63 Box 1.5 The
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 65 is selling c
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 67 goods tradin
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 69 competition
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 71 it to manage
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 73 Domestic mob
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 75 invest subst
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 77 together wit
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 79 Figure 1.22
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 81 regulatory b
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 83 fixed effect
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 85 71. Cirera,
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 87 Economic Per
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ACCELERATING GROWTH 89 Washington,
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AGRICULTURE 91 Figure F1.1 Introduc
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94 WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2016 EN
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96 WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2016 SP
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98 WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2016 Bo
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CHAPTER 2 Expanding opportunities D
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CHAPTER 3 Delivering services Have
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e-HEALTH 191 Figure F3.1 Sequencing
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4. Sectoral policies 5. National pr
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SECTORAL POLICIES 201 Box 4.1 Polic
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SECTORAL POLICIES 203 Box 4.1 Polic
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SECTORAL POLICIES 205 is independen
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SECTORAL POLICIES 207 Box 4.3 Fragi
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SECTORAL POLICIES 209 role for the
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SECTORAL POLICIES 211 subscriptions
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SECTORAL POLICIES 213 Box 4.5 The l
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SECTORAL POLICIES 215 Box 4.6 Guate
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SECTORAL POLICIES 217 Figure 4.1 Pr
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SECTORAL POLICIES 219 Box 4.7 How b
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SECTORAL POLICIES 221 mandating tha
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SECTORAL POLICIES 223 the internet
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SECTORAL POLICIES 225 Protecting pe
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SECTORAL POLICIES 227 grown since t
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SECTORAL POLICIES 229 Box 4.9 Tech
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SECTORAL POLICIES 231 Box 4.10 Isra
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SECTORAL POLICIES 233 US$74 million
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SECTORAL POLICIES 235 has been clas
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SECTORAL POLICIES 237 Kende, Michae
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242 WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2016 i
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THE DATA REVOLUTION 245 Figure S5.1
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THE DATA REVOLUTION 247 A journalis
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 249 • Rising
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 251 schools, ho
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 253 Figure 5.3
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 255 requiring f
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 257 around the
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 261 Box 5.3 The
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 263 Box 5.5 Kha
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 265 Box 5.7 Eme
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 267 Box 5.8 Bui
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 269 Box 5.9 Bui
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 271 • Explore
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 275 identify gh
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 277 Table 5.7 T
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 279 Box 5.13 Es
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 281 experiences
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 283 dence.” N
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NATIONAL PRIORITIES 285 Kremer, Mic
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290 WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2016 A
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CHAPTER 6 Global cooperation Data,
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 323 Map F6
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