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SECTORAL POLICIES<br />
235<br />
has been classified as a data service and therefore<br />
not subject to the same regulatory rules as telecommunications<br />
services. In most other jurisdictions,<br />
the distinctions found in the act do not apply,<br />
although the term net neutrality (though derived<br />
out of specific statutory language) has come to be<br />
applied globally.<br />
133. See http://trak.in/tags/business/2015/04/17/trai<br />
-airtel-zero-internet-org-against-net-neutrality<br />
-violate-free-internet/.<br />
134. West 2015.<br />
135. See http://www.bbc.com/news/technology<br />
-32334181.<br />
136. Council of Europe 2010.<br />
137. See http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest<br />
/pages/ccpr.aspx.<br />
138. See http://www.forbes.com/billionaires/list<br />
/#version:static.<br />
139. Citation from entrepreneur Mark Simon, quoted in<br />
Madslien 2010.<br />
140. Kushida 2015; Minges 2015.<br />
141. Bresnahan, Gambardella, and Saxenian 2001.<br />
142. Katz and Wagner 2014.<br />
143. See http://fortune.com/2012/05/09/the-random<br />
-collision-theory-of-innovation/.<br />
144. FabLabs are similar to Tech Hubs, but focus more on<br />
making physical prototypes than software, content<br />
and applications development; see, for instance,<br />
Tokushima and Tanaka (2015).<br />
145. The United Nations Broadband Commission (UN<br />
Broadband Commission 2013) reports that the 134<br />
countries that had a national broadband plan as of<br />
mid-2013 had, on average, some 2.5 percent higher<br />
fixed broadband penetration and 7.4 percent higher<br />
mobile broadband penetration.<br />
146. See http://www.broadbandcommission.org/about<br />
/Pages/default.aspx.<br />
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