I I - part - usaid

ANNEX V-5
'echihiques 'ich have been demonstrated to be viable in village
pilot projects conducted by the research staff of NEROA. Selected
viligeL2 (approx. 1 per villge) will receive training in vaccina­
i-j-r' ;echri-ues, poultry health, nutri.tion, and upgrading of
It~rt trcClgh i,. the ntroduction ot i.mproved breeder males.
Low-cost vaccinat.onb
ifiee to the farmer during initial stages)
dre introduced first, retulting in rapid and dramatic decreases
,n young bud mortality, followed by the introduction of other
improved management techn ques as farmer interest grows. This
ac.-a.vity is expected to be popular and wll be phased into tambon
activities beginning early in implementation to stimulate farmer
interest in overali NERAD Project activities.
The farm fshery sstem currently :nvolves capture of
native populat ons -F - fm-virtually all available rivers,
an important activity and source
swamps, ponds, etc. Fishing is
oi protein for iaml consumption, and al.cng with rice production
enioys special standing in Thai culture. The present low level
reliance on natural st.ocking in
of productivity is a result of
moEt cases, in 6dditLon to essentially no management other than
controlled fishing rn some reservoirs. A substantial amount of
research and a number of p.tlot activities have indicated that fish
production in these water resources can be substantially improved
through stocking and management technques. Therefore, the
Project will usclude training for specialist farmers in stocking,
iertillzation, planned harvesting, a'd other techniques such as
cage producrion :n suitable locations, aecording to local
interest in improving fish production i.n either existing or newly­
constructed water resources. Young fry w;.1l be used to stock
facilities where predators can be controlled. in other facilities
an appropriate 6.2e of fingerings will be used. Individual farmers
having access to a suitable water resource will be encouraged
to produce fingerlings for use in the Project or for marketing.
It is estimated that 50% of the 107 ha. of Project water resources
and 130 ha. of exisrng water resources can be used for improved
fish production.
7 farm ,tee crop system curently involves the planting
of a few trees of eachof several types around the house or other
parts of their land holdings. Trees observed in Project tambons
include mango, annona, banana, papaya, jackfruft, guava, coconut,
tamarind, kapok, leucaena, mulberry, and bamboo. Farmers utilize
native varieties grown from seed and tradit.onal cultivation
practices which do not include pruning, spraying, or fertilizer
application, due tc their lack of knowledge regarding propagation
and management techniques and the Jack of a Iccal source of improved
plant propagat.on mater±Ld. The farm tXest product system
currently includes primarily the gathering of wood for firewood,