I I - part - usaid

4-4
tambon and prov,-nce bzs-is. Nong Kaew in Roi Et province,
the we-.th-iest: tamncn, has only 26% be.1o'L the poverty line,
- ---- whreas Na,-Ngu.-i-NakhCr, Phanor"is --J.,
has 75% of its pop)Lat. on be, ow the poverty'-. one0 Variation
among villagez :.a ac.c.unt fo4 peLhapa hlaf of these poor in
a few tambons, but the mao..iy of poor cannot be located by
identifying the "pIore_- v iflages" in the timbons, They are
located w~th.n apparently "medium" and "better-off" villages
where the .m:y b: less nlot,ceaze a,.md ther-. mc e fortunate
neighbors. Income d'st.ibuticn in the Project tambons is
rather diifezen.iet.ed, somewhat more than World Bank
estimates (0..4 .. .30 Gini. co-effi,), but considerable
variation exists _n a -t:&mbon basis (0,48 -.n Lahan, 0.28 in
Ta ). tn.t.a-viliag. c.cu..aticns c.aie not available, but
analysis shows that. much of income d..ffeentiation must be
ocrurr..ng within vi!. 6ges 'ee Su .... Analysis Annex).
3, ,Social and Envi:,,onmental Fe~ssibilit~y
This Project is' consi.dered socio-culturally
feasible, Survey e..iden-e and anth--opolog;-al interviewing
indicate th". Project is to addreas real needs, as perceived
by vil-lzge.zs themselvei;, by means of strategies and actions
which have precedent local c.ommunities and are : seen as
appropriate and usefuil by the village,,:s themselves,
Intended changeE are "nctemental, and .eal.icn and wellfitted
to the villagers' present state of knowledge,
manpower ar,d organ.i:zaticn , Communiac'.tLon planning is
comprehensive (contaot agents and mobile units, trial
farmers, demonst.ati, r, plots, radiio. prog.rams and newsletters)
and mechanisma have been designed to fos er participation,
appropriateness of deve.c.,ment actions, and sense of ownership
(cost-sha ing, ln..remenatal staging., variety of possible
opt.ions to choose from, etc.-),
Effect:. of this Project o., t.he poor, on women, on
environinent, or population, tet:£y an- migration, and
spread, have all beer considered Spread effects are likely
to be subatanti-al due to sevezal special characteristics of
the Pzoje:%tg Use of the eK ting extension structure,,
scattered Izoject azeas (which represernt major agro-ecological
types), involvemenut of local merchanfE, use of radio, and
coordinated mofiitorihg ind evali.atlon. Effest5 on population,
fertility and migrt r.,n can at least be said to be neutral,
but may b,9 quite p;s t ve depending on the success of the
Project, Of particulai- impor tance i. potential effect on
migration: To the extent, that rainfed a..c,.culture can
UL ~