Scientific Concept of the National Cohort (status ... - Nationale Kohorte

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A.2 A.2. Scientific background and rationale for study elements als over age 65, depending on the definition 388, 389 . The observations that 95% of influenza deaths occur in 45+ year olds, although they account for
A.2 Scientific background and rationale for study elements Assessment of microbial colonization: Collection of relevant biomaterials (at baseline and during reassessment): Level 3 Analyses of saliva, nasal swabs, and stool samples (on nested case-control basis) Zoonoses and chronic disease risk Approximately 20% of the National Cohort participants are expected to own one or more household pet 401 . Pets may pose health risks, for instance, by (1) causing injuries 402 , (2) inducing allergies 403 , and (3) being a source of infectious agents. In addition to parasitic, fungal, and viral infections, pets transmit a number of bacterial pathogens 404 . Furthermore, several studies have shown a national burden of zoonotic infections caused by nutritional exposure and by direct or indirect contact to farm animals even in the general population 405 . Our goal is to study the impact of pathogens that are shared by humans and animals on human health. Two pathogens could act as proxies of special interest. Bartonella spp. are highly prevalent in cats and dogs in Germany (seroprevalence ~15%) 406, 407 and can cause severe infections in humans, especially in immunocompromised individuals 408, 409 . Pets and farm animals may represent community reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria 410, 411 . The Level 1 questionnaire will contain screening questions regarding past and present exposure to household pets and farm animals. Individuals reporting a significant exposure in their history will then be selected for targeted substudies at Level 3. For instance, we will study exposure to Bartonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in pets and their owners in parallel. The ability of the owners to obtain nasal swabs and stool samples from their cats or dogs and their willingness to have a veterinarian draw blood from their pets will be tested in 2011 in a feasibility study headed by the University of Veterinary Medicine in Hannover. Assessment of zoonotic infections: Examinations and questionnaires (at baseline and during reassessment) Level 1: Questionnaire (screening questions) Level 3: Collection of biomaterials in participants and animals for microbial analysis A.2.4.8 Occupational and environmental exposures Occupation Most people spend a major part of their lifetime at work, often exposing them to hazardous chemical and physical risks and to negative psychosocial stress. Exposures at the workplace are generally higher than in the environmental setting; they have been measured, regulated, and monitored for approximately 40 years now and have been addressed in particular in specialized, occupational cohort studies. In the National Cohort, complete occupational histories will be obtained for study participants by data retrieval from the National Institute for Employment Research (Federal Employment Agency). These data will be linked to job exposure matrices (JEM) to estimate possible past exposures to occupational risk factors for cancer, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several kinds of exposures can be investigated this way, including physical and biomechanical work factors, exposure to fine (PM4
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The National Cohort A prospective e
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Applicants Applicants Applicants Cl
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Applicants IV
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Executive Summary 2. The National C
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Executive Summary 3. Scientific aim
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Executive Summary essary to address
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Executive Summary 7. Examples for s
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Contents A.2.4 major areas of expos
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Contents A.3.8.2 Social security da
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Contents A.6.4.2 Minimally detectab
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Abbreviations C.2 mEThOdS fOr STATI
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Abbreviations DXA Dual-energy x-ray
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A.3 A.3 Study design hand grip stre
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A.3 A.3 Study design Project title
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A.3 A.3 Study design diseases in va
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A.3 A.3 Study design associations,
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A.3 A.3 Study design Informed Conse
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A.3 A.3 Study design 6. Since being
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A.3 A.3 Study design the possible d
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A.3 A.3 Study design A.3.5 Collecti
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A.3 A.3 Study design Blood In addit
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A.3 A.3 Study design the anterior n
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A.3 A.3 Study design study. For exa
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A.3 A.3 Study design large-size sto
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A.3 A.3 Study design routinely prep
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A.3 A.3 Study design Subjects who m
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A.3 A.3 Study design A.3.6.3 reliab
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A.3 A.3 Study design In addition, a
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A.3 A.3 Study design Disease Questi
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A.3 A.3 Study design Data routinely
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A.3 A.3 Study design tial misclassi
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A.3 A.3 Study design � The KORA c
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A.3 A.3 Study design Table 3.16: Co
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A.4 A.4 Integrated Data Management
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A.5 A.5 Methods for quality assuran
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A.6 A.6 Planned statistical analyse
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A.6 A.6 Table Planned 6.4: Expected
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A.6 Planned statistical analyses an
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A.7 A.7 Ethical aspects logical/gen
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A.7 A.7 Ethical aspects The more ex
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A.7 A.7 Ethical aspects pants, trav
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A.7 A.7 Ethical aspects Data handli
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A.7 Table 7.2 Availability of ident
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A.7 A.7 Ethical aspects Should bios
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A.7 A.7 Ethical aspects ing finding
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C.1 C.1 Annex: Description of the s
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C.1 C.1 Table Annex: 1: Cluster Des
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C.2 C.2 Annex: Methods for Statisti
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C.2 Table S6.5: Sample size needed
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C.3 References 17. Keil, U., et al.
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C.3 References 50. Benjamin, E.J.,
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C.3 References 85. Calle, E.E. and
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C.3 References 121. Walter, R., D.J
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C.3 References 155. Ross, R., Ather
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C.3 References 189. Ghiotto, F., et
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C.3 References 225. Schmidt, C.O.,
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C.3 References 260. Eussen, S., et
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C.3 References 294. McCrae, R.R. an
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C.3 References 327. Lynch, J.W., G.
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C.3 References 360. Mair, C., A.V.
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C.3 References 395. Lesourd, B., Nu
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C.3 References 431. Statistisches B
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C.3 References 462. Bundeszentrale
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C.3 References 494. Rammstedt, B. a
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C.3 References 526. Mack, F., et al
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C.3 References 560. Palatini, P., A
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C.3 References 590. Greenland, P.,
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C.3 References 623. Olin, A.C., et
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C.3 References 658. Pate, R.R., J.R
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C.3 References 691. Zenge, M.O., et
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C.3 References 727. Ryu, O.H., et a
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C.3 References 757. BSI-Standard 10
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C.3 References 790. Davis, C.E., et
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C.3 References 822. Hegenscheid, K.
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