Is headspace making a difference to young people’s lives?

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4. Outcomes of headspace Clients Figure 4.13 Social inclusion indicators among headspace clients, by gender and intervention survey wave i. Feeling supported ii. Participate in sports/club activities iii. Socialise with friends iv. Socialise online Notes: Calculations show the percentage of headspace clients (i) who responded “Most of the time” or “all of the time” when asked “Do you feel like there are people who are there for you”; or who (ii) participated club or social activities, (iii) socialized with friends, or (iv) engaged in online social activities more than once each week. The percentage of positive responses to each question were recorded for females and males, and for wave 1 (W1) and wave 2 (W2) of the intervention survey. Results are presented for those who improve significantly - Improved (CS/RS) – or declined significantly – Declined (CS/RS) – as well as for those who exhibited no significant change. Data for this analysis is sourced from the headspace intervention survey. Estimates of clinically significant change were tested for the survey data and were shown to align well with hCSA data. Information about self-harm was specifically collected within the survey data and is not available in the hCSA dataset. Sample sizes can be found in Appendix F. Source: Authors’ calculations from intervention survey data. Social and Occupational Functioning The evaluation uses the Social and Occupational Functional Assessment Scale (SOFAS) to assess how young people’s physical impairment and mental health issues may be impacting on their functionality across a number of different areas (Pederson & Karterud, 2012; Romera et al., 2011). Functioning is measured on a scale from 1 (serious functional impairment) to 100 (optimal functioning) with scores of 80 and above representing normal functionality (Romera et al., 2011). Scores around 60 indicate a person may have moderate difficulty in functioning, while scores around 70 represent adequate functioning though with some difficulty (Chanen et al., 2007). SOFAS is scored by practitioners using the scale in Table 4.4. Unlike the K10, which is recorded at a particular point of service by the young person, the SOFAS is recorded at almost all points of service by the service provider. Social Policy Research Centre 2015 headspace Evaluation Final Report 54
4. Outcomes of headspace Clients Table 4.4 Social and Occupational Functional Assessment Scale scoring Practitioners enter a score on a scale of 1-100, as follows: 91-100: Superior functioning in a wide range of activities 81-90: Good functioning in all areas, occupational and socially effective 71-80: No more than a slight impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning 61-70: Some difficulty in social, occupational or school functioning 51-60: Moderate difficulty in social, occupational or school functioning 41-50: Serious impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning 31-40: Major impairment in several areas such as work or school, family relations 21-30: Inability to function in almost all areas 11-20: Occasionally fails to maintain minimal personal hygiene. 1-10: Persistent inability to maintain minimal personal hygiene 0: Inadequate information On average, young people’s social and occupational functioning improved over time as they received headspace services. Functioning improved most within the first six occasions of service and continued to improve until it stabilised when young people reached around 15 occasions of service. SOFAS scores fluctuated thereafter. Males improved slightly more than females, but males started from a lower base (Figure 4.14). SOFAS scores for young people with different sexual identities increased steadily. Similar gains were found between heterosexual and LGBTI young people (males and females) until around 6 visits, after which functioning continued to improve but at varied rates (Figure 4.15). Non-LGBTI females had lower improvements in social functioning. This cohort was also more likely to record higher functioning levels at the beginning of treatment. Figure 4.14 Cumulative average of individual SOFAS changes by gender and total number of visits Note: SOFAS is generally reported by the service provider at each occasion of service. The data is right censored and some headspace clients may have had further treatment than what has been able to be observed within the data. Smaller numbers of clients are observed as the number of occasions of service increases. Cell sizes for these data can be found in Appendix F. Source: Authors calculations from hCSA data. Social Policy Research Centre 2015 headspace Evaluation Final Report 55
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Is headspace making a difference to
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Authors This report was written by
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5. Service Delivery Model 73 5.1 Wh
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Table 6.1 Table 6.2 Table 6.3 Main
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Figure 4.9 Figure 4.10 Figure 4.11
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Executive Summary headspace 1 aims
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7. Conclusion The evaluation of hea
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7. Conclusion treatment); however,
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7. Conclusion Overall the evaluatio
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Appendix A Evaluation scope areas h
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Appendix B The current model of hea
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Appendix B and each SA3 in non-capi
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Appendix B chapter 39 . To determin
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Appendix B While there is an overal
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Appendix B Figure B3 describes the
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Appendix B Figure B5 Cost per young
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Appendix B The concept of access as
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Appendix B Figure B7 Heard of heads
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Figure B10 Proportion of headspace
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Appendix B Table B5 Females 18-25 y
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Appendix B following section. Figur
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Appendix B and less access to mains
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Appendix B Figure B17 Estimated pre
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Appendix B Figure B18 SA1s within 1
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Figure B20 Hypothetical allocation
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Appendix B The current model of cen
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Appendix B Current centre funding m
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Appendix B Evaluation of the curren
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Appendix B Level of funding availab
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Appendix B centres and Localities i
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Appendix B for greater flexibility
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Appendix B Additional consideration
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Appendix B of achieving more effici
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Appendix B • Used the simulation
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Appendix C information relating to
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Appendix C Regarding gender, in bot
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Appendix C Figure C5 Total number o
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Appendix C Table C1 Information Sum
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Appendix C Data Cleaning and Analys
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Appendix C groups. The age and sex
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Appendix C Figure C8 Demographic ch
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Appendix C The KeySurvey software s
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Appendix C different client groups.
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Appendix D Round State Centre Name
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Appendix E Characteristics HS clien
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Table E4 Cell Sizes for Figure 3.4
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Appendix F Figure F1 Changes in K10
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Appendix F three SEIFA quintiles. A
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Appendix F Occasion of service inte
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Appendix G Supplementary material f
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Appendix G Table G3 Round 3 (10 cen
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Appendix G Table G7 Round 7 (10 cen
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State (youth population) a headspac
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Appendix G Table G12 Round 11(16 ce
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Table G16 Additional youth populati
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Round Region State Additional youth
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Appendix G Figure G1 Percentage of
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Appendix G Table G22 Australians 18
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Appendix G Synthetic small area est
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Appendix G Figure G16 Estimated pre
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Appendix G Figure G22 SA1s within 1
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Appendix G Table G25 Centres alloca
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References Atkins, D.C., Bedics, J.
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References Smith, E., Jones, T., Wa
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