“Key Informant Survey” of Production, Value, Losses and ... - DfID

B. dorsalis Mango Ludhiana,
Punjab
Mann 1996 B. dorsalis flies were observed throughout the year in methyl eugenol baited traps in a mango
orchard in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Population counts were low in the winter months from
December to February which was thought to be caused by low temperature (below 20°C).
Following the warmer season, the flies rebuilt their population throughout the rest of the year.
However, low catches in July may be due to the after-effects of high temperatures in June
(31.93°C) or due to high rainfall (223 mm/month). Afterwards, increases in fruit fly catches may be
attributed to conducive temperature (24-29°C) and abundant supply of host fruits. The fruit fly
counts on the mango fruits during July were greatest at 1100 h and 1200 h. Fruit fly infestation was
30.77, 65 and 85.50% in cultivars Dusheri, Sucking and Chausa, respectively.
B. dorsalis Sand pear Punjab Mann 1997 Studies on the incidence of B. dorsalis on sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) in isolated and mixed
orchards in Indian Punjab revealed that there were 3.73 and 14.89 times more insects in fruits and
pupal counts per kilogram fruits in mixed orchards than in isolated orchards. Similarly, adult counts
in methyl eugenol baited traps were higher (16.63 times) in mixed orchards than in isolated
orchards. Based on egg punctures and pupal counts, isolated orchards were more profitable than
mixed orchards.
B. dorsalis Peach Punjab Mann and Bindra 1977 Field incidence of B. dorsalis Hendel on different cultivars of peach (Prunus persica) at Ludhiana
(Punjab)studies over two years with eleven varieties, Florida Sun had the lowest average
infestation; generally, infestation was related to earliness of fruiting, the earlier the variety the lower
the infestation, except in the midearly variety Sun Red, in which infestation was heavy, possibly
because the fruit lack hairs.
Gitona sp. Moringa Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu
Murthy and
Regupathy
1995 The population dynamics of Gitona sp. on annual moringa [Moringa oleifera] were investigated in
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, in 1984-85. The annual form of this popular vegetable had recently been
introduced to cultivation in southern India and Gitona sp., previously regarded as a minor pest, had
become more important. Gitona sp.-damaged fruits were recognised in the initial stages of
infestation by the presence of gummy exudates, in association with eggs laid in the grooves
between the ridges of the fruits, and by drying of the fruits in later stages. Gummy exudates were
also observed following feeding by Oxycetonia versicolor and Anatona stillata. Gitona sp. were
most numerous in August-September 1984, when 48-49% of fruit were damaged. Incidence
decreased to 13-20% in November-December. A slight increase in January-February 1985, when
23.4% of fruits were damaged, was followed by another decrease in March-June. Incidence of
Gitona sp. was negatively correlated with maximum temperature and hours of sunshine, and
positively correlated with relative humidity and sunshine of the previous month.
Integrated Management of Fruit Flies in India: Knowledge Review 36 of 110