“Key Informant Survey” of Production, Value, Losses and ... - DfID

B.
cucurbitae
Kaur and
Rup
2003 The effects of four plant growth regulators (PGRs), namely, coumarin, kinetin, gibberellic acid (GA3)
and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), at 25, 125, 625 or 3125 µg/ml on the development of the melon fruit fly,
B. cucurbitae. All four compounds exerted growth- and development-inhibitory effects on the fly.
Coumarin was the most potent, followed by kinetin, GA3 and IAA. The first and second instars of the
fly were more sensitive than the third instar. Treatment with the PGRs also prolonged the
developmental period, reduced the percentage emergence, and increased percentage of abnormal
flies emerging. At higher concentrations (125, 625 and 3125 µg/ml), coumarin, kinetin and GA3
caused 100% mortality in the first instar.
B. cucurbitae Long melon Rajasthan Kavadia et al. 1977 The effects of malathion and carbaryl with or without the attractant gur were evaluated. Carbaryl was found to be
superior to malathion in reducing infestation. Mixing gur with the insecticides increased infestation.
Carypomyia
vesuviana
Kumar and
Singh
1993 Preharvest sprays of GA3 (50 or 75 p.p.m.) or Ethrel [ethephon] (500 p.p.m.) brought forward fruit
maturity by 8-11 days and ripening by 10-14 days compared with controls, significantly improved fruit
quality (TSS content, sugar, ascorbic acid and beta-carotene concentrations) and reduced spoilage
losses during storage, without causing a marked increase in preharvest fruit drop. There was virtually
no fruit fly damage with plant growth regulator treatment.
Jujube Lakra et al. 1991 Laboratory and field studies were carried out in India on the effectiveness of some insecticides against
Carpomyia vesuviana on Ziziphus spp. Of 17 insecticides tested as prophylactic sprays, 0.03% oxydemetonmethyl
or dimethoate, applied twice, in late October-early November and again 45 days later, kept the incidence
of the pest below 8% on Z. mauritiana. During ripening of fruits, sprays of either 0.075% endosulfan followed by
0.1% carbaryl, or 0.1% carbaryl followed by 0.05% malathion + 1% sugar solution, at an interval of 10 days,
proved effective against the pest. Soil application of fenitrothion, BHC [HCH] or quinalphos dust, each at 25
kg/ha, under the canopy of trees resulted in a reduction in adult emergence of 80-95%.
B. dorsalis Guava Mann 1996 Fogging of guava trees with fenvalerate at 450ml a.i./ ha by using Van fog machine was tested against B.
dorsalis. Six insecticidal applications during the active season of the pest reduced the infestation of fruits from 61-
68 to 16-22 per cent. It increased the yield of uninfested fruits by 55-58 q/ha. The net gain and the cost:benefit
ratio were Rs11,000/ ha and 1:3.4 respectively.
B. dorsalis Guava Punjab Mann 1996 The efficacy of 3 insecticide schedules (5, 3 and 2 sprays) with or without protein hydrolysate bait spray at
intervals of 7, 14 and 21 days were evaluated against B. dorsalis infesting guava in the Punjab. Fenvalerate
(0.05%) with protein hydrolysate (Protinex 0.15%), and fenthion (0.1%) with or without protein hydrolysate were
most effective in controlling fruit fly incidence at all spray intervals. The incidence was lower in 5-spray schedule
given at weekly intervals as compared to 3-spray schedule at 14-day and 2-spray schedule at 21-day intervals.
Integrated Management of Fruit Flies in India: Knowledge Review 66 of 110