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Z. paravittiger B. tau Ridge gourd Jorhat, Assam Saikia and Dutta Rup et al. 1998 The influence of gibberellic acid (GA3), a plant growth regulator (PGR), on the protein, total lipid, total carbohydrate, glycogen and trehalose contents of Z. paravittiger, was investigated by feeding 63-h-old larvae on artificial diet containing 1000, 2000 and 4000 p.p.m. GA3, for 30 and 50 h. The maximum increase in the protein content was recorded for the 1000 p.p.m. GA3 treatment. Significant decreases in the total lipid and total carbohydrate contents were recorded at 1000 and 2000 p.p.m. while the 4000 p.p.m. treatment significantly increased their levels. Glycogen content was significantly decreased by all the tested GA3 concentrations. The possible reasons for the observed changes in these biochemical components are discussed. 1997 Fenvalerate at 0.02% with 1% molasses was the best of 15 treatments tested against B. tau on ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula). The plant products Multineem [a preparation from Azadirachta indica] and Polygonum hydropiper leaf extract at different doses were less effective than fenvalerate, cypermethrin and malathion. Multineem, however, proved to be superior to P. hydropiper in suppressing attack by the pest. The treatments with molasses were more effective than those without molasses. B. cucurbitae Samalo et al. 1995 Soil incorporation of 10% aldrin dust at 0.6 g/kg soil caused 66.6% pupal mortality closely followed by granular carbofuran (60.0%) at the same rate. B. cucurbitae Samalo et al. 1995 In laboratory conditions, baiting with dichlorvos, monocrotophos or quinalphos at a concentration of 0.025% killed 100% of adults within 6h, as compared with 6.6% mortality in a 10% sugar solution. B. cucurbitae Musk melon Sarode et al. 1983 In field studies, sprays of fenthion were applied at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0% (0.5 and 1.0 kg a.i./ha) to a musk-melon crop just prior to harvest for the control of B. cucurbitae Coq. Samples of fruit were taken 0, 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment, and the residue levels in them determined. Initial residue levels following treatment at the 2 concentrations were 0.96 and 1.4 p.p.m., respectively, in the whole fruit and 0.35 and 0.6 p.p.m. in the pulp. The levels (in both whole fruit and pulp) fell below the tolerance limit (0.2 p.p.m.) after 5 and 7 days for the 2 treatments, respectively. Half-life values in the whole fruit and pulp were 1.31 and 1.38 days, respectively, for the lower dosage and 1.61 and 1.85 days for the higher dosage. Sufficient waiting periods following treatment were considered to be about 1-3 days for the pulp and 3.8-4.7 days for the whole fruit. Washing fruits in water resulted in 43.5-74.2 and 38.0-52.0% reductions in the residue levels in the whole fruit and pulp, respectively. C. vesuviana Jujube Madhya Pradesh Saxena 1969 Three to four sprays at triweekly interval from last week of November - first two with 0.1 per cent lindane before ripening of fruits; third with malathion (0.06 percent emulsion) during ripening of fruits; fourth (if necessary) from last week of November or, in early-ripening variety, from first week of November. Integrated Management of Fruit Flies in India: Knowledge Review 70 of 110
Zaprionus paravittiger [Z. indianus] Sharma et al. 1995 Newly emerged adults of Zaprionus paravittiger [Z. indianus] were transferred to vials containing test medium with the cytokinin plant growth regulator kinetin at 25, 125, 625 and 3125 ppm. Treatment with 25 or 125 ppm prolonged adult lifespan by 20%, and slowed development of the larvae and pupae of the next generation (also raised on the test medium) by 18%. B. spp. Peach Sharma et al. 1973 Two sprays of Fenthion followed by Fenithothion. B. cucurbitae Watermelon Maharastra Shivarkar and Dumbre B. cucurbitae Water melon Maharastra Shivarkar and Dumbre B. cucurbitae Shukla and Srivastava B. dorsalis Mango (alphanso) B. cucurbitae, B. dorsalis 1985 Spray of 0.03% Endosulfan and Fenitrothion and 0.1% Permethrin were most effective. 1985 0.05 per cent monocrotophos. 1980 The activity of acetylcholinesterase preparations from heads of B. cucurbitae Coq. was inhibited by 5 organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides (malathion, chlorfenvinphos, dicrotophos, carbaryl and eserine). All of the compounds except malathion were strong inhibitors of the enzyme. Shukla et al. 1984 In 2-year trials with the mango cv. Alphonso, 7 insecticides were applied in early April and mid April, and twice more at 15-day intervals. In both years deltamethrin at 0.0025% gave the best control followed by fenthion (0.05%), carbaryl (0.1%) and dimethoate (0.03%). Singh and Singh 1998 Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts, (seed kernel aqueous suspension, ethanolic extract of seed kernel, hexane extract of seed kernel, ethanolic extract of the hexane extract and acetone extract of deoiled seed kernel powder) at 1.25-20%, and pure azadirachtin at 1.25-10ppm were evaluated as oviposition deterrents to B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis on pumpkin and guava, respectively, in the laboratory at 27°C and 65% RH. Neem seed kernel aqueous suspension at >=5% in choice tests, and at all concentrations (>=1.25%) in no-choice tests significantly deterred oviposition in both species. Similarly, the ethanolic extract was significantly active at all the concentrations tested for both species in choice and no-choice tests. However, with neem oil and its ethanolic extract sensitivities of the two species differed considerably. Both extracts deterred oviposition by B. cucurbitae at all the concentrations tested under both choice and no-choice test conditions. However, with B. dorsalis, neem oil was significantly deterrent only at 20% in both tests, and at 5 and 20% for oil ethanolic extract in choice and nochoice tests, respectively. The acetone extract of deoiled kernel powder significantly deterred oviposition by both species at all concentrations tested. Azadirachtin failed to deter oviposition in either species. B. cucurbitae Singh et al. 1974 The effectiveness of sprays containing the parasitic nematode Neoaplectana carpocapsae (DD-136 strain) against some injurious insects was studied. T+F18he only test species in which the nematode did not multiply were the Tephritid B. cucurbitae Coq. Integrated Management of Fruit Flies in India: Knowledge Review 71 of 110
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Dear Colleague, Integrated Manageme
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each zone will be divided by the to
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Sheet 2. Production and fruit fly l
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Product: Muskmelon Himalayan Highla
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Product: Snake Gourd Himalayan High
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Integrated Management of Fruit Flie
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Palanpur Pumpkin 2 Anand Bitter Gou
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Integrated Management of Fruit Flie
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Navsari Thiruvananthapuram
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The power of parapheromones. This I
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Cluster “Western” “Southern
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Indian fruit fly control and the So
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INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT FLIE
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They used to be nearer Ahmedabad, a
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FRUIT FLY CONTROL: SPRAYS (i) Spray
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fruit borer, little leaf (a mycopla
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ores the vine from tender portion,
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(DDVP). He is applying both ME and
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CROPS He said that he is growing bi
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that spraying insecticides is only
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vegetables not by having greater wa
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advantage of bitter gourd? He start
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isk of complete failure of crop. Am
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FF MANAGEMENT He said that he using
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eady-to-harvest fruits. Farmers los
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Gandevi. #G008 DATE: 03/01/04 TEAM:
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#R004 DATE:08/03 TEAM: JT/CVV. He i
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he has found this as very reasonabl
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improving the fertility condition o
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50 cents, banana intercropped in co
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with grass. When the field is left
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sells his own produce. CROPS He gro
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it. When JS mimes a jumping FF magg
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other pests). RICE AND ITS PESTS In
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(mother) feed voraciously on leaf l
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yellow and drop. On opening of the
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including semilooper because fruit
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off prematurely from plants. Thus p
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PEST: FRUIT FLIES Losses: Bitter go
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PEST: SEMILOOPER Creates problems i
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semi looper pest bitter gourd at an
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FRUIT FLIES July sown crop suffers
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LEAF CURL He said that this serious
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only own farm total area five ha. N
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PEST 1 - MANGO HOPPER is number one
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PROJECT MEMORANDUM on behalf of the
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4. Starting and finishing dates 1 J
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Fruit flies, although a serious pes
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Department of Agricultural Extensio
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SECTION C: SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND 17
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Pakistan-UK Fruit Fly Project 1998-
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This will connect the field researc
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Narrative Summary Goal Objectively
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YEAR 2 2002-2003 MONTH Activity A M
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Table I.2. Subjectively-derived syn
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Jujube 3 - S Bawal Dashad et al. (1
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Appendix II. Scientific Research on
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Museum has B. dorsalis specimens re
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and if neem can be used in attracta
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coast. In the Faisalabad area attac
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elative, and offer little real comm
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Appendix III. Work Plan ACTIVITIES
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1.1.4: Tabulation of Controls Findi
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other methods. In fields where loss
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In addition to the Key Informant Su
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killing points”, and these techni
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tiers. It is proposed to replace th
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general benefit. Socially-cooperati
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greater than the sum of their parts
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Appendix IV. Prior Scientific Paper
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vi - Value of cucurbit extract comp
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Methods The assessment of BAT and M
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surfaces - cotton cloth, plastic sh
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Table IV.B.4. Mean total catches (N
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Table IV.B.9. Catches over four to
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Many improvements may be made to th
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economic damage per fly will be gre
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Table IV.C.1. Fruit infestation ass
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factors (ecoregion, year, season, w
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Infestation (%) ANOVA F Tree Mean 3
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Appendix V. References Afzal, M, Ma
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Jalaluddin, SM, Natarajan, K, Sadak
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cucurbitae Coquillett) in cucumber.
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Sharma, VP, Lal, OP, Rohidas, SB, P
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Project Integrated Management of Fr
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Section 1: Indian Fruit and Vegetab
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Section 2: Indian Production of Fru
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Section 4: Fruit Fly Species Report
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56 Gastrozona balioptera 57 G. fasc
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114 P. tetrica 115 Indacilira basiv
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Section 5: Hosts of Tephritid Fruit
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56 Cucumis melo var. utilissimus Cu
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118 Physalis peruviana Solanaceae C
Page 187 and 188: Bactrocera sp. T. dioica Mondouri,
Page 189 and 190: B. cucurbitae Mogekai Karnataka Kum
Page 191 and 192: B. carambolae Andaman Islands Ranga
Page 193 and 194: Jujube 20 20 60 40 N Gujarat xi,xii
Page 195 and 196: Mango 9.8 9.8 10 10 10 N Kanpur vi
Page 197 and 198: Cucumber 6.2 6.2 6 6 6 S South Anda
Page 199 and 200: Section 8: Population Dynamics and
Page 201 and 202: B. dorsalis Mango Kanpur, Uttar Pra
Page 203 and 204: C. vesuviana Jujube Haryana Lakra a
Page 205 and 206: Meridarchis scyrodes, Carpomyia ves
Page 207 and 208: B. cucurbitae Bitter gourd Thakur e
Page 209 and 210: B. cucurbitae C melo, C callosus B.
Page 211 and 212: B. correcta Guava Jalaluddin and 19
Page 213 and 214: B. cucurbitae 82 cucurbits Nath et
Page 215 and 216: B. cucurbitae Singh et al. 2000 The
Page 217 and 218: B. cucurbitae Gowda et al. 1979 An
Page 219 and 220: B. cucurbitae Kaur and Srivastava B
Page 221 and 222: B. dorsalis Srivastava et al. 1989
Page 223 and 224: B. dorsalis Prasad and Sethi 1981 T
Page 225 and 226: Section 12: Natural Enemies Host En
Page 227 and 228: Section 13: Cultural Controls Fly H
Page 229 and 230: B. cucurbitae Bhagat and Koul B. cu
Page 231 and 232: B. cucurbitae Bitter gourd Gupta an
Page 233 and 234: B. zonata Peach Himachal Pradesh B.
Page 235 and 236: B. cucurbitae Bitter gourd Mote 197
Page 237: B. cucurbitae Ccumber, ridge gourd
Page 241 and 242: B. zonata Apple, peach Solan, Himac
Page 243 and 244: B. cucurbitae B. cucurbitae B. cucu
Page 245 and 246: Section 16: Pheromone and Colour Lu
Page 247 and 248: B. dorsalis Mango Pantnagar Uttar P
Page 249 and 250: B. cucurbitae Snake gourd Banglades
Page 251 and 252: Bagle, B.G. Prasad, V.G. 1983 Effec
Page 253 and 254: Borah, S.R. Dutta, S.K. 1997 Infest
Page 255 and 256: Drew, R.A.I. Raghu, S. 2002 The fru
Page 257 and 258: Gupta, K. Anand, M. 2002 Effect of
Page 259 and 260: Kapoor, V.C. Grewal, J.S. Agarwal,
Page 261 and 262: KrishnaMoorthy, P.N. Srinivasan, K.
Page 263 and 264: Nair, S. Thomas, J. 2001 Ovipositio
Page 265 and 266: Patel, R.K. Patel, C.B. 1998 Biolog
Page 267 and 268: Rahman, S Singh, S.P.N. Agarwal, M.
Page 269 and 270: Shivarkar, D.T. Dumbre, R.B. 1985 B
Page 271 and 272: Srivastava, B.G. Pant, N.C. Chaudhr
Page 273 and 274: Wadhwani, K. Khan, N.H. 1983 Effect
Page 275 and 276: Anon. 1994 Distribution Maps of Pes
Page 277 and 278: Anon. 1998 Population dynamics of B
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