Technical Provisions for Mode S Services and Extended Squitter

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DRAFT - Working Paper ASP TSGWP11-01 for review by the TSG during the meeting in June 2011 in Paris CD-24 Technical Provisions for Mode S Services and Extended Squitter Circles of latitude become smaller with increasing latitude away from the equator. This means that the maintenance of 360 NM between ambiguous positions requires that the number of longitude cells at a particular latitude decrease at latitudes away from the equator. In order to maintain minimum unambiguous range and resolution size, the vertical extent of a longitude cell is divided into latitude bands, each with an integral number of zones. Longitude zone assignment versus latitude is illustrated in Figure CD-6 for a simple case showing five of the latitude bands in the northern hemisphere. At the equator, 59 zones are used as required to obtain a minimum longitude dimension of 360 NM at the northern extent of the zone. In fact, it is that precise latitude at which the northern extent of the zone is 360 NM that defines the value of latitude A in the northern hemisphere (it would be the southern extent of the zone for the southern hemisphere). At latitude A, one less longitude zone is used. This number of zones is used until the northern (southern) extent of the longitude zone equals 360 NM, which defines latitude B. The process continues for each of the five bands. For lines of longitude, 60 zones are used in the CPR system to give the desired cell size of 360 NM. For circles of latitude, only 59 zones can be used at the equator in order to assure that the zone size at the northern latitude limit is at least 360 NM. This process continues through each of 59 latitude bands, each defined by one less zone per latitude band than the previous. Finally, the polar latitude bands are defined as a single zone beyond 87 degrees north and south latitude. A complete definition of the latitude zone structure is given in Table CD-4. Greenwich meridian 360 NM Latitude E (54 zones) 360 NM Latitude D (55 zones) 360 NM Latitude C (56 zones) Draft 360 NM Latitude B (57 zones) 360 NM Latitude A (58 zones) 360 NM Equator (59 zones) Figure CD-6 Longitude zone size assignment versus latitude. DRAFT - Working Paper ASP TSGWP11-01 for review by the TSG during the meeting in June 2011 in Paris
DRAFT - Working Paper ASP TSGWP11-01 for review by the TSG during the meeting in June 2011 in Paris Appendix CD CD-25 CD.2.4.7.7 GLOBALLY UNAMBIGUOUS POSITION Globally unambiguous position decoding is typically used to initially establish the position of a target. Once the target’s position is determined it can be updated using local decoding. Local decoding may be used exclusively only when there is no possibility of message reception from targets farther than the ambiguous range of 180 NM. In applications where ADS-B messages are received more than 180 NM from the receiving station, it will be necessary to use globally unambiguous decoding. The CPR system includes a technique for globally unambiguous coding. It is based on a technique similar to the use of different pulse repetition intervals (PRI) in radars to eliminate second-time-around targets. In CPR, this takes the form of coding the lat/lon using a different number of zones on alternate reports. Reports labeled T = 0 are coded using 15 latitude zones and a number of longitude zones defined by the CPR coding logic for the position to be encoded (59 at the equator). The reports on the alternate second (T = 1) are encoded using 14 zones for latitude and N – 1 zones for longitude, where N is the number used for T = 0 encoding. An example of this coding structure is illustrated in Figure CD-7. A user receiving reports of each type can directly decode the position within the unambiguous area cell for each report, since each type of report is uniquely identified. In addition, a comparison of the two types of reports will provide the identity of the area cell, since there is only one area cell that would provide consistent position decoding for the two reports. An example of the relative decoded positions for T = 0 and T = 1 is shown in Figure CD-8. Equator Greenwich meridian Draft T = 0 zone T = 1 zone Figure CD-7. Zone structure for globally unambiguous reporting. DRAFT - Working Paper ASP TSGWP11-01 for review by the TSG during the meeting in June 2011 in Paris
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Msg Bit # “ME” Bit # Appendix C
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