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234<br />

BIBLIOGRAPHY<br />

On the type of fibula for which the Germans use the term ' Fibula mit umgeschlagenem<br />

Fusse ' <strong>and</strong> which was generally used by the Goths, see Ebert's articles quoted <strong>in</strong> note 15.<br />

I lay stress on the fact that many of the tendril fibulae found on the Kuban, some of<br />

which belong to the first century A. d., present all the peculiarities of the fibula ' mit<br />

umgeschlagenem Fusse '.<br />

(e) Cauldrons (Asiatic) with family devices. C.R., 1899, fig. 96, cf. Vozdvizhenskaya, ibid.<br />

43. figs. 77 <strong>and</strong> 78 ; Zubov'sfarm,5.C.^. i, fig. 7 ; Ust-Lab<strong>in</strong>skaya, C.R., 1902, 83, fig. 183.<br />

(/) Gold bottles <strong>in</strong>set with stones. Ust-Lab<strong>in</strong>skaya, C.R., 1902, 83, fig. 184 ; Olbia,<br />

-<br />

C.R., 1868, Atlas, pi. I, 10 ; <strong>and</strong> A.A. xxix (1914), p. 256, fig. 79.<br />

is) Openwork. Hellenistic <strong>and</strong> early Roman period : Besleneevskaya stanitsa, M<strong>in</strong>ns,<br />

p. 58, fig. II (mount<strong>in</strong>g of a rhyton) ; Kuban region, A.A., 1912, p. 325, fig. 3 (the same) ;<br />

Bori (Caucasus), M.A.R. 34, p. 96, i, 2, pi. I, 8, 9 ; cp. p. 98, 14, pi. I, 6 Novocherkassk,<br />

;<br />

M<strong>in</strong>ns, p. 234, fig. 139 (tore), compare Akhtanizovka, M<strong>in</strong>ns, p. 215, fig. 118 <strong>and</strong> the<br />

figures on the Bulgarian phalarae quoted above no. 11 ; to a later period belongs the vase<br />

of violet glass <strong>in</strong> a silver openwork mount<strong>in</strong>g found <strong>in</strong> the Caucasus, C.R., 1872, 144,<br />

Atlas, pi. II, 1-3 ; Kisa, Das Glas, figs. 208 <strong>and</strong> 208 a (pp. 430, 431) <strong>and</strong> p. 602 ff., where<br />

other examples of the same k<strong>in</strong>d are given from Northern Europe. Openwork belt-plaques<br />

of the early Roman Empire. Kazanskaya stanitsa, C.R., 1901, 76, fig. 153.<br />

{h) Gold garment plaques. Seep. 131, fig. 17, with <strong>in</strong>dication of proveniences. Besides<br />

the plaques found <strong>in</strong> datable graves, large sets of identical plaques, all bought <strong>in</strong> <strong>South</strong><br />

<strong>Russia</strong>, mostly at Kerch, are preserved <strong>in</strong> various museums : the Louvre (a set bought<br />

<strong>in</strong> 1889, Inv. MNC 1 120 <strong>and</strong> another bought <strong>in</strong> 1920 with the Messaksudi collection) ;<br />

Metropolitan Museum at New York (some hundreds of plaques bought at Kerch).<br />

{i) Mirrors. M.A.R. 37, 72 ; Zubov's farm, B.C.A. i, 102, fig. 25 ; Armavir, C.R., 1903,<br />

63, fig. 102.<br />

(_/') Swords of the type used <strong>in</strong> Kerch. Novokorsunskaya stanitsa, C.R., 1902, 135,<br />

figs. 240 a <strong>and</strong> 240 b ; M.A.R. 37, 51.<br />

16. Archaeological evidence for the Dnieper region <strong>in</strong> the Roman period. Re<strong>in</strong>ecke,<br />

Ma<strong>in</strong>zer Zeitschrift, 1906 (i), 42 ff. ; Ebert, Prdhistorische Zeitschrift, v (1913), 80 ; the same,<br />

Baltische Studien zur Archdologie und Geschichte, Berl<strong>in</strong>, 1914, 85 ; T. Arne, Oldtiden, 1918,<br />

207 ff. ; Det Stora Svitgod, Stockholm, 191 7, p. 7 ff. ; Rostovtzeff, Studies, p. iii.<br />

CHAPTER VII<br />

1. History of the Bosphorus <strong>in</strong> the first century B. c. M. Rostovtzeff, ' Caesar <strong>and</strong> the<br />

<strong>South</strong> of <strong>Russia</strong> ', Journal of Roman Studies, 1917, 27 ff. ;<br />

' Queen Dynamis of Bosphorus ',<br />

Journal of Hellenic Studies, xxxix (1919), 88.<br />

2. History of the Bosphorus dur<strong>in</strong>g the Roman Empire. My articles quoted by Stern,<br />

Hermes, 1., 209, note i ; cf.<br />

the<br />

' Pontus, Bithynia, <strong>and</strong> the Bosphorus ', Annual of the British<br />

School at Athens, xxii. Military occupation of Olbia by the Romans, B.C.A. 58, i ff.<br />

Military occupation of Armenia, B.C.A. 32, i ff., <strong>and</strong> Christian Orient (<strong>in</strong> <strong>Russia</strong>n), iii.<br />

3. Political, social, <strong>and</strong> economic conditions <strong>in</strong> the Bosphorus dur<strong>in</strong>g the first to third<br />

centuries a. d. M<strong>in</strong>ns, 612 ff. Stern, Hermes, 1. (1915), 211 ff. (he quotes all my articles on<br />

this subject). Cf. K. J. Neumann, ' Romische Klientelstaaten', Historische Zeitschrift, 1917,<br />

I ff. On the titles cpiXoKaiaap <strong>and</strong> (piXopcofiaLos, R. Mi<strong>in</strong>sterberg, Jahreshefte des Oester-<br />

reichischen Institutes, xviii (1913), Beiblatt, 318.<br />

4. On the religious conditions see my articles :<br />

' The Idea of K<strong>in</strong>gly Power <strong>in</strong> Scythia<br />

<strong>and</strong> on the Bosphorus ', B.C.A. 49 ;<br />

' Iranism <strong>and</strong> lonism ', Historical Congress, London,<br />

1913 ; <strong>and</strong> ' Ancient Decorative Pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>South</strong> <strong>Russia</strong> ", passim, especially the chapter<br />

on the late Panticapaean pa<strong>in</strong>ted tombs ; compare my article on the Great Goddess <strong>in</strong><br />

Rev. d. £t. Gr., 1921. On the names of the Great Goddess <strong>and</strong> her consort—Astara <strong>and</strong><br />

Sanerges—see the note of Hiller von Gaertr<strong>in</strong>gen <strong>and</strong> E. von Stern to Dittenberger,<br />

Sylloge ', no. 216. Von Stern is <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ed to compare these names rather with the Thracian<br />

names "Aorat, 'S.d.vr], "Epylvos than with the Semitic Astarte <strong>and</strong> the Hittite (?) S<strong>and</strong>as.

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