DVD Demystified

Glossary
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frames/second encoded video. The encoder adds information enabling
the decoder to recreate the 60-fields/second display rate.
ISO International Organization for Standardization. Refer to Appendix
C, “References and Information Sources.”
ISO 9660 The international standard for the file system used by CD-
ROM. ISO 9660 allows filenames of only eight characters plus a threecharacter
extension.
ISRC International Standard Recording Code.
ITU International Telecommunication Union. Refer to Appendix C, “References
and Information Sources.”
ITU-R BT.601 The international standard specifying the format of digital
component video. Currently at version 5 (identified as 601-5).
Java A programming language with specific features designed for use
with the Internet and HTML.
JCIC Joint Committee on Intersociety Coordination.
JEC Joint Engineering Committee of EIA and NCTA.
jewel box The plastic clamshell case that holds a CD or DVD.
jitter A temporal variation in a signal from an ideal reference clock.
Many kinds of jitter can occur, including sample jitter, channel jitter,
and interface jitter. Refer to Chapter 3, “DVD Technology Primer.”
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group. The international committee
that created its namesake standard for compressing still images.
k Kilo. An SI prefix for denominations of one thousand (103 ). Also used,
in capital form, for 1,024 bytes of computer data (see kilobyte).
k byte One thousand (103 ) bytes. Not to be confused with KB or kilobyte
(210 bytes). Note the small “k.”
karaoke Literally empty orchestra. The social sensation from Japan
where sufficiently inebriated people embarrass themselves in public by
singing along to a music track. Karaoke was largely responsible for the
success of laserdisc in Japan, thus supporting it elsewhere.
KB Kilobyte.
kbps Kilobits/second. Thousands (103 ) of bits per second.
key picture (or key frame) A video picture containing the entire content
of the image (intraframe encoding), rather than the difference
between it and another image (interframe encoding). MPEG I pictures
are key pictures. Contrast this with delta picture.
kHz Kilohertz. A unit of frequency measurement. It is one thousand
cycles (repetitions) per second or 1,000 hertz.