DVD Demystified

Glossary
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specify in which regions it is allowed to be played. Regional coding is
optional; a disc without regional codes will play in all players in all
regions.
replication 1) The reproduction of media such as optical discs by
stamping (contrast this with duplication); 2) A process used to increase
the size of an image by repeating pixels (to increase the horizontal size)
and/or lines (to increase the vertical size) or to increase the display rate
of a video stream by repeating frames. For example, a 360 � 240 pixel
image can be displayed at 720 � 480 size by duplicating each pixel on
each line and then duplicating each line. In this case, the resulting
image contains blocks of four identical pixels. Obviously, image replication
can cause blockiness. A 24-fps video signal can be displayed at 72
fps by repeating each frame three times. Frame replication can cause
jerkiness of motion. Contrast this with decimation. See interpolate.
resampling The process of converting between different spatial resolutions
or different temporal resolutions. This can be based on a sample
of the source information at a higher or lower resolution or it can
include interpolation to correct for the differences in pixel aspect ratios
or to adjust for differences in display rates.
resolution 1) A measurement of the relative detail of a digital display,
typically given in pixels of width and height; 2) The capability of an
imaging system to make the details of an image clearly distinguishable
or resolvable. This includes spatial resolution (the clarity of a single
image), temporal resolution (the clarity of a moving image or moving
object), and perceived resolution (the apparent resolution of a display
from the observer’s point of view). Analog video is often measured as a
number of lines of horizontal resolution over the number of scan lines.
Digital video is typically measured as a number of horizontal pixels by
vertical pixels. Film is typically measured as a number of line pairs per
millimeter; 3) The relative detail of any signal, such as an audio or
video signal. See lines of horizontal resolution.
RGB Video information in the form of red, green, and blue tristimulus
values. The combination of three values representing the intensity of
each of the three colors can represent the entire range of visible light.
ROM Read-only memory.
rpm Revolutions per minute. A measure of rotational speed.
RS Reed-Solomon. An error-correction encoding system that cycles data
multiple times through a mathematical transformation in order to
increase the effectiveness of the error correction. DVD uses rows and
columns of Reed-Solomon encoding in a two-dimensional lattice, called
Reed-Solomon product code (RS-PC).
RS-CIRC See CIRC.