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CAD. LAB. XEOL. LAXE 26 (2001) Holocene Brown Bears in natural traps 331 Table 2. Presence (+) absence (-) of premolars in brown bear maxillae and mandibles from Mont Ventoux natural traps. Data from DONAT-AYACHE (1997). Table 3. Frequency of premolars in several modern and pleistocene brown bear populations. Source: (1) BALLESIO, 1983; (2) ALTUNA, 1973; (3) TORRES PEREZ-HIDALGO, 1988; (4) KUR- TEN, 1977; (5) AUGUSTE, 1995.
332 CREGUT & FOSSE CAD. LAB. XEOL. LAXE 26 (2001) zise that the MV4 population is older than the MV2 one. Metrical comparison between modern and fossil European brown bear populations underlines the overall small size of the Mont Ventoux specimens. Skulls are of the same size as modern samples, although slighly larger than female samples (figure 4). The attribution to the Holocene period is confirmed by isolated teeth measurements (tables 4–6). Lower carnassials present metrical characteristics close to modern Pyrenean and Basque populations, which are in every case smaller than Upper Pleistocene individuals (figure 5). DNA studies have been undertaken (Y. TABERLET, Grenoble) in order to precisely locate the Mont Ventoux samples within European populations. GENERAL OVERVIEW OF BROWN BEAR ASSEMBLAGES Currently, Mont Ventoux traps are the richest European sites with brown bear remains. Other sites with Ursus arctos (fossil or modern forms) are Eemian open-air sites of Biache-Saint-Vaast, Ehringsdorf Figure 4. Osteometric data of adult brown bear skulls (mm) from Mont Ventoux natural traps; comparisons with pleistocene and holocene specimens. Source: ALTUNA, 1973; BOURDELLE & DELIZIERE, 1949; CAMARRA, 1989; CAPASSO BARBATO et al., 1993; COUTURIER, 1954; DONAT-AYACHE, 1997; KOHL & SEPSI, 1997; TORRES PEREZ-HIDALGO, 1988.
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