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384 BARYSHNIKOV & FORONOVA CAD. LAB. XEOL. LAXE 26 (2001) in contrary m1 longer than m2 (a primitive character inherited from U. etruscus). p4. The crown is of the equal width in the anterior and posterior parts. The protoconid is high, blunt-pointed, and without crests. Its base bears two large adjacent cusps on the lingual side (paraconid and metaconid), these sometimes being linked with a small denticle (figure 7, 8). The paraconid commonly extends in front of the protoconid. A slender ridge runs from the metaconid posteriorly. The posterior tooth part is abruptly bent backward, without additional tubercles, which are recorded in the Krasnodar specimens (BORISSIAK, 1932). There are two wellseparated roots. The multiple discriminant function analysis based on three measurements (greatest length, greatest width, and distance between paraconid and metaconid tips) was carried our for six samples: U. savini (n=10), U. deningeri (n=8), U. rossi - cus, Siberia (n=5), U. spelaeus from Arcysur-Cure (n=41), from Odessa (n=40), and from Secrets Cave (n=13). The results of this analysis are present in figure 9, which shows the centroid of each group plotted onto the first two canonical variates. A little over 85% of dental variation is explained by the first canonical axis, 13% by the second. The first canonical variate discriminates greatest width, on the second canonical variate including greatest length (table 6). The bivariate plot of centroids clearly shows an ordination into 2 separate groups, with savini/deningeri samples on the one hand and all the other samples on the other. Squared Mahalanobis distances between members of these groups are high (from 5.59 to 14.5). In the second group, which contains U. rossicus from Siberia, the distances are lower (less than 3.87). The Siberian sample shows statistically reliable differences only from U. deningeri (p
CAD. LAB. XEOL. LAXE 26 (2001) Pleistocene small cave Bear 385 Figure 8. Lower cheek teeth p4 (a-d) and m1 (eg) of Ursus rossicus from South Siberia. Lingual view. a-c, e-f - Berezhekovo, d- Bachatsk, g- Mokhovo. Figure 9. Plot of centroids for each locality on the plane canonical variate 1 and 2 for p4. Table 6. Correlations of canonical variate for p4.
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290 WEINSTOCK, J. CAD. LAB. XEOL. L
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