or1980v2pt1

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Score-keeping equipment in action during the judo competition at the Sports Palace of the Central Lenin Stadium Multipurpose letter-digital scoreboard at the Trade Unions Equestrian Complex in Bitsa Four-panel display board in the boxing hall of the Olympiiski Indoor Stadium Scoreboard control panel at the Olympiiski Swimming Pool
Referee Apparatus The need to develop technical systems in order to make refereeing more objective has grown in urgency of late due to the increasing closeness of sportsmen's results. It has also been prompted by the need to increase accuracy and objectiveness in determining a sportsman's place in a run in cases when the gap between the athletes finishing is so tiny that it is beyond the capacity of the timeregistering device. The situation is similar in sports where refereeing involves subjective evaluation of the results, primarily in team games and matches. Here the already existing means of refereeing have had to be improved or new ones used. The growing complexity of the technical facilities used in sport meant that the organisers of the 1980 Olympic Games had to make them work more reliably. This especially concerned measuring equipment. Therefore all the measuring apparatus used at the Games was developed on a most up-to-date basis (including some that made use of micro circuits of average or extensive integration). In most cases there was a fall-back for the systems used at the Games and for some of the instruments. 206 As is well known, one of the criteria for judging the quality of information-measuring systems and the referee-information apparatus which forms part of them, is the degree of automation in determining and processing the results of events. This process was automated in 13 sports at the Moscow Games (seven in Montreal). The preliminary processing of results for the scoreboard was automated in 21 sports (five in Montreal). At the Games the organisers of the events used chronometres with indicators and digital chronometres, photofinish and videofinish. The desk digital chronometre prints two to three results per second and has a memory unit making it possible to reproduce the results registered with a discreteness of up to 0.01 sec. Chronometres with indicators boast the same characteristics. Both chronometres, successfully used at the Games, have inputs for feeding signals from the starting device and a lightbeam transducer or from the electro contact devices at the finish (or at some lap over the distance). The photofinish apparatus, fixing the events in time at the finish line, was especially useful in determining Time-keeping equipment and photo-finish devices at the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium Throw measuring equipment at the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium
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Games of the XXII Olympiad 2
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Games of the XXII Olympiad Volume 2
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Contents Page Introduction ........
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Introduction From the outset, the o
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Chapter I. The Organising Committee
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For various reasons not connected w
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In 1980, at the final stage of prep
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The OCOG-80 Top Management Bodies A
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17 Vladimir Bogatikov, Member of th
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In practice, the Presidium and the
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arations to the Games. The Presidiu
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organisations on the arrangements b
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ware was produced mainly by Minprib
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Diagram I. System Time-table for th
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Administration of the Games In the
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The proposals on the organisation o
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ministries, agencies, and other bod
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Session of the IOC was held, on the
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y the same time: about cooperation
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stops nearby. A schedule of competi
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In 1974, when it invited the Games
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Newly-built sports facilities inclu
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The Central Lenin Stadium 46 The Ce
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Grand Arena The Grand Arena was the
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50 and broadcast commentators. The
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Minor Arena 52 Minor Arena. Souther
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there. Two scoreboards were install
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The open pool, similar in architect
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Sports Palace The Sports Palace is
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press bureau, post office, control
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62 A match of the Olympic volleybal
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tators takes up most of the buildin
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66 Olympiiski Sports Complex Genera
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The tier arrangement ensures the gr
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70 ...while boxers fight in the oth
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Swimming Pool The pool building is
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74 Swimming Pool Stands Plan 1. Div
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Sports Facilities of the Northweste
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ooms, six locker rooms with showers
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Young Pioneers' Stadium Constructio
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The Complex of Installations of the
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for competitions and training in va
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Dynamo Palace of Sports The Dynamo
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88 The arena of the Sports Palace t
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Sports Complex in Krylatskoye 90 Sp
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competitions or into eleven lanes f
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were installed nearby. The roof of
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The archery fields, measuring 220 b
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98 During the preparations for the
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A 100 Velodrome nears completion. R
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Cycling Circuit 102 The cycling cir
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Trade Unions' Equestrian Complex 10
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106 were installed. The stadium has
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108 Stadium for dressage Stadium fo
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ing by the Children's and Youth Sch
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Izmailovo and Sokolniki Sports Pala
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training. The halls of the Palace h
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116 Interior of the competition hal
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Dynamo Shooting Range in Mytishchi
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Close attention was given to soundp
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Venues of the Olympic Football Tour
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Sports Facilities Built or Reconstr
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The new OTRC building faces Academi
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A building to house the ACS "Olympi
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Main Press Centre As provided for b
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The Olympic Village 132 Olympic Vil
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Olympic Village Sports Complex Long
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International Youth Camp The Intern
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The advance of science and technolo
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ACS "Olympiad" The Ministry of Inst
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ACS "Information" ACS "Olympiad" (M
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first stage, from July 3 through 19
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the CSCA Palace of Sports and the M
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ACS "OCOG" To solve the problems of
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econfigurated, a provision was made
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"Our editors report that the system
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Page 163 and 164: Switch position R8 R 7 Switch posit
Page 165 and 166: shows up well in comparison with th
Page 167 and 168: Telecommunications Communications f
Page 169 and 170: Broadcasting To broadcast the 1980
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Page 173 and 174: 172 Switch room of the internationa
Page 175 and 176: and the Headquarters hot line syste
Page 177 and 178: Amplification and Simultaneous Inte
Page 179 and 180: Event 83rd Session of IOC IOC Execu
Page 181 and 182: The sports programme for the Games
Page 183 and 184: The Dates of the Games, the Calenda
Page 185 and 186: Opening Ceremony Athletics Rowing B
Page 187 and 188: The long-term plans for cooperation
Page 189 and 190: tions, maintenance and technical se
Page 191 and 192: in had arrived from each NOC, a set
Page 193 and 194: Data on the Number of Sportsmen Who
Page 195 and 196: in Moscow, at which representatives
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Page 199 and 200: Training Sessions Sportsmen wanting
Page 201 and 202: Sports and Technical Facilities Fro
Page 203 and 204: were mounted on motor-car trailers
Page 205: The instrument for measuring the re
Page 209 and 210: The Video-Recording System Although
Page 211 and 212: IF Officials and Soviet Auxiliary P
Page 213 and 214: tion and video-recorded the Olympic
Page 215 and 216: while the other was used for throws
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Page 219 and 220: Boxing The boxing competitions took
Page 221 and 222: Cycling The Olympic cycling competi
Page 223 and 224: Fencing The CSCA Sports Complex (fe
Page 225 and 226: Gymnastics The gymnastics competiti
Page 227 and 228: Weightlifting The weightlifting tou
Page 229 and 230: Hockey The Olympic hockey competiti
Page 231 and 232: Wrestling The Olympic wrestling tou
Page 233 and 234: the results of the heat with the wo
Page 235 and 236: Equestrian Sports The Olympic eques
Page 237 and 238: clay pigeon shooting, programmecont
Page 239 and 240: Volleyball The volleyball competiti
Page 241 and 242: To sum up, one can conclude that th
Page 243 and 244: The 75th Session of the Internation
Page 245 and 246: 244 the waves have a 50 m wide entr
Page 247 and 248: In connection with the building of
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Page 251 and 252: jury gave high praise to the work o
Page 253 and 254: Television and Radio Broadcasting T
Page 255 and 256: The Olympic Village The Olympic Vil
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A special cultural programme was wo
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258 Scenes of the Closing Ceremony
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The relaying of the Olympic flame c
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Preparing for the Olympic Torch Rel
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The Torch, the Lamp for the Spare F
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266 Reserve miner's lamps The Olymp
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The Relay At 12.00 p.m. Moscow time
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270 The relay of the Olympic flame
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"The procession of the flame demons
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the modern Olympics which was put o
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276 The Olympic flame meeting cerem
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lem of the Games decorated the squa
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The Opening Ceremony and Closing Ce
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on) were acquired or made for the c
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284 The Opening Ceremony begins
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286
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tends its warm and sincere greeting
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Olympic champion Viktor Saneyev on
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293
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295 Artistic performance
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the rules and in the spirit of true
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paniment of a march. They marched a
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"I have shortly to close the Games
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303
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assemble four years from now at Los
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