ABSTRACTS / RESUMES - Comitato Glaciologico Italiano

terations to the coastline shape are found to influence the
pattern of tidal heights recorded, whereas water depth
changes modify the magnitude of tidal range within the
embayment. The results are also examined in terms of their
influence on the shape of the tidal curve. A similar study is
made in a funnel-shaped embayment. In this case, altering
the coastline shape is found to change the height of the tidal
range.
The results of this study highlight the influence of coastal
geomorphology on processes operating in the coastal zone
and the feedback effects which occur. Their implications
should be noted for planning future coastal protection and
risk mitigation measures.
MASASHIGE HIRANO
Analysis of fault block movement by 1995
Kobe earthquake
Department of Geography, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3,
Sumiyoshi-hu, 558 Osaka, Japan
The 1995 Kobe earthquake, formally called the Hyogoken­
Nanbu Earthquake, occurred on January 17 th , 1995, at AM
5:46. Its magnitude was 7.2, and the epicenter at N34.595,
E135.038 in the Akashi strait with the depth of 16.0 km.
The earthquake killed over 6,000 persons and the houses
destroyed and/or burnt exceeded 100,000.
A significant strike-slip fault, the Nojima fault, appeared in
the northern Awaji island, and systematic, right-lateral offsets
were associated with it. The situation has been much
complicated in Kone area, but the faults moved by the
earthquake can be traced also by systematic off-sets of urban
architectures. The moved faults in Kobe district run
obliquely across the urban areas at the foot of the Rokko
mountains. The faults form a conjugate set under the tectonic
E-W compression, which was also shown by the focal
mechanism of the earthquake.
Geodesic data such as Gps positioning and leveling of
benchmarks before and after the earthquake show a definite
tendency by blocked areas, and the conjugate faults are
situated at the boundaries of the rhombic blocks. A fault
block thus shows horizontal movement to a particular direction
associated with tilting by case.
Analysis of displacement vectors on the basis of irrotational
shift of rigid rhombic blocks shows that the Harimanada
block at the north-west side of the Nojima fault first
moved eastward, and it pressed the Suma-West Rokko
block neighboring at the northeast to north-east direction
and the north-Awaji block at the south-east side of the
Nojima fault to the southward. As the result, right lateral
sense of movement was detected along NE-SW directed
faults and left lateral one along NE-SW ones. It is remarked
as one of conclusions that a boundary fault with
the left lateral sense runs probably off the east Harima coa-
st starting from the middle of the Akashi strait to northwest
ward. This fault has brought the notable dislocation of
the piers and anchors of the Akashi bridge which was under
construction.
Kinetic process obtained here by the analysis is well corresponding
to geomorphic and tectonic features which have
been clarified by foregoing studies covering the areas concerned.
Especially such model developmental process of
the Rokko as a block mountain, that rhombic blocks with
strike-slip faults at boundaries were initiated under regional
E-W compression and the tilting with vertical displacement
was followed, was confirmed this time. The change
of focal mechanism from the main shock of quadrant
(strike-slip) type to the aftershocks of dip-slip type also
supports this.
Tilting of the Suma-West Rokko block by the earthquake
is in harmony at its tendency but less at the amount with
those of marine terraces developed on the block. This gives
way to estimate frequency of a same earthquake over
geologic age.
VOLKER HOCHSCHILD
Analysis of periglacial geomorphology with Ers-l Sar
Data: examples from Antarctic Peninsula
Institut fur Geographie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena,
Lobdergraben 32,07743 Jena, Germany
OEA - Ocean, Environment, Atmosphere, was an interdisciplinary
research project founded by the Bundesministerium
fur Forschung und Technologie (Bmft) dealing with
remote sensing data of the European Remote Sensing Satellite
Ers-1 from the receiving station of O'Higgins on Antarctic
Peninsula.
Since the launch of the Ers-1 in Summer 1991 the aim of
the project was to examine the applicability of the Ers-1
Sar (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data (C-Band, 5.3 Ghz) to
geomorphological phenomena in ice-free periglacial areas,
like beach terraces, glacioisostatic elevated shorelines, glaciofluvial
zones in front of the glaciers, frost patterned
ground, thaw dynamics of permafrost and coastal ice types.
It integrates also analogous (aerial photographs) as
well as other digital remote sensing systems such as Landsat
Tm and Spot.
While the remote sensing data was acquired intensive field
survey of the reference areas has been carried out. It consisted
of large scale geomorphological mapping, measurements
of surface roughness, soil moisture, soil temperature
and substrata analysis. Mapping includes slope angles, exposition
and altitude measurement. All these parameters
are influencing the backscattered radar signal and were
correlated with the grey values of the Ers-1 images.
Finally all the data (field data, existing maps, remote sensing
data, digital terrain models, Gps-positioning) was
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