ABSTRACTS / RESUMES - Comitato Glaciologico Italiano

process, the character and duration of technogenic actions
on relief and depth of technogenic transform of relief
as well.
With help of historical-geomorphologic analysis of urban
relief of Kyiv, we complete the general image of usage of
geomorphology objects through historic periods and define
three main stages of urbanization which corresponds
with an level of technogenic loading on relief:
1. development of territory without significant transformation
of relief (pretown stage);
2. substaial transformation of relief without considerable
negative effect arised (middle ages, new history);
3. intensive urbanization with area of geomorphologic risque
arised (modern stage).
When considering the stability of urban territories we define
such three main bloks of data base for the program of
risque rate estimation:
1. Estimation of natural geomorfologic conditions.
We perform analysis of natural stability of urban naturaltechnogenic
geomorfologic system elements such as
morphostructures, morpholitologic complex and morphodynamic
conditions of territories as a whole.
II. Estimation of the technogenic loads .
We fulfil systematization the technogenic statical and dynamicalloads
and calculate the integral intensity rate of action
on natural relief.
III. Estimation of natural-technogenic risque.
This block contains the information about defects of territory
upon negative geomorphologic-technogenic processes,
the forecastof their activation as a result of technogenic
loads encreasing.
Proposed practical approach to the geomorphogical risque
estimation was used on the Kyiv city territory (Ukraine).
The set of geomorphologic engeneering maps was composed
on modern stage of urban natural-technogenic geomorphologic
system development and prognostic' map of
geoecologic risque as well.
YOKO OTA, TAKASHI AZUMA & MAYUMI KOBAYASHIi
Nojima earthquake fault associated with the 1995
Kobe earthquake, Central Japan, and its degradation
Department of Geography, Senshu University,
Tamaku, Kawasaki, 214, Japan
The Nojima fault on the northwestern coast of Awaji
Island, south of Kobe, was reactivated in association with
the Jan. 17 Hyogoken-nanbu earthquake. This fault rupture
was about 10 km long and was dominated by right-lateral
offset (max. 1.8 m) along a high-angle reverse fault which
has a maximum vertical displacement of 1.3 m uplift on
the southeastern side. The surface feature of the Nojima
earthquake fault includes various types of deformation, su-
ch as fault scarp, en echelon cracks, minor pull-apart basins
and pushed-up bulges, offset of streams and ridges,
fences and roads.
We repeated the measurement of seven profiles of the fault
scarps at two areas (Hirabayashi to the northwest and
Ogura to the southeast) for approximately one year following
the earthquake. The original profile of the scarp
was overhanging scarp at Hirabayashi and Ogura, corresponding
to the 70-80 dip. of the fault plane. The fault
scarp at Hirabayashi displaces Plio-Pleistocene siltstone of
Osaka Group, overlain by a thin bed of unconsolidated
gravel. The Ogura area is entirely underlain by the Osaka
Group. Scarp degradation at Hirabayashi occurred by collapse
of the gravel bed and proceeded more quickly than
at Ogura, where the fault scarp degradation proceeded
mainly by exfoliation of the Osaka Group siltstone. The
degradation occurred at a very fast rate until March at Hirabayashi
and until June or July, 1995 at Ogura. Since
then, the degradation has been very slow. Our data strongly
indicate that the scarp profile was initially controlled
by the dip of the fault plane, and scarp degradation has
been primarily controlled by lithological factors. The degradation
of Nojima earthquake fault scarp has proceeded
much more quickly than normal fault scarps in the USA
where observations of the initial stages of scarp degradation
have been carried out.
The extremely rapid degradation of the Nojima fault scarp
in weak Neogene siltstone may, in combination with rapid
cultural modification of the landscape, explain the paucity
of geomorphic scarps along the numerous active faults in
Japan. This observation may also have implications to tectonic
geomorphology and paleoseismicity studies in other
countries characterized by weak bedrock and moderate to
high rainfall regimes.
PHILIP N. OWENS 1, DESMOND E. WALLING 1 & GRAHAM
J.L. LEEKS 2
The role of channel and floodplain storage offine-grained
sediment in the suspended sediment budget
of the River Tweed, Scotland
1 Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Refines Drive,
Devon EX4 4RJ, Exeter, UK
2 Institute of Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford,
Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, Wallingford, UK
The storage of fine-grained sediment within the channel
bed and on floodplains represents an important component
of the sediment budget of a drainage basin. Furthermore,
there is increasing recognition that such areas of sediment
storage also represent important sinks for fine-grained
sediment-associated contaminants, and that they may
act as a source of such contaminants if the stored sedi-
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