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Introduction to Soil Chemistry

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eferences 109<br />

5.7. Describe the two common methods of determining salt content in soil<br />

using electrical conductivity.<br />

5.8. <strong>Soil</strong> water content can be measured in the field using a number different<br />

types and arrangements of electrodes. Describe two of these methods<br />

in some detail.<br />

5.9. Describe some of the limiting or completing fac<strong>to</strong>rs involved in using<br />

ISE electrodes in making measurements on soil or soil extracts.<br />

5.10. What types of metal electrodes are best suited <strong>to</strong> making electrical measurements<br />

in soils?<br />

BIBLIOGRAPHY<br />

Atkins P, de Paula J. Physical <strong>Chemistry</strong>, 7th ed. New York: Freeman, pp. 252–289, 2002.<br />

Bard AJ, Faulkner LR. Electrochemical Methods Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd<br />

ed. New York: J Wiley, 1980.<br />

Bohn HL, McNeal BL, O’Connor GA: <strong>Soil</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong>, 3rd ed. New York: Wiley,<br />

pp. 247–271, 1979.<br />

Wang J. Analytical Electrochemistry, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-VCH, 2000.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

1. Yang J, Lu F, Kostiuk LW, Kwok DY. Electrokinetic microchannel battery by means<br />

of electrokinetic and microfludic phenomena. J. Micromech. Microeng. 13:963–970,<br />

2003.<br />

2. Carrique F,Arroyo FJ, Jinénez ML, Delgado ÁV. Influence of double–layer overlap<br />

on the electrophoretic mobility and DC conductivity of a concentrated suspension<br />

of sperical particles. J. Phys. Chem. B 107:3199–3206, 2003.<br />

3. Patrick WH Jr, Gambrell RP, Faulkner SP. Redox measurements of soils. In<br />

Methods of <strong>Soil</strong> Analysis, Part 3: Chemical Methods, Bartels JM (ed.). Madison,WI:<br />

<strong>Soil</strong> Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy, pp. 1255–1274,<br />

1996.<br />

4. Fujitake N, Kusumo<strong>to</strong> A,Tsukamo<strong>to</strong> M, Kawahigashi M, Suzuki T, Otsuka H. Properties<br />

of soil humic substances in fractions obtained by sequential extraction with<br />

pyrophosphate solutions at different pHs I.Yield and particle size distribution. <strong>Soil</strong><br />

Sci. Plant Nutr. 44:253–260, 1998.<br />

5. Schlüter M, Rickert D. Effect of pH on the measurement of biogenic silica. Marine<br />

Chem. 63:81–92, 1998.<br />

6. Thomas GW. <strong>Soil</strong> pH and soil acidity. In Methods of <strong>Soil</strong> Analysis, Part 3: Chemical<br />

Methods, Bartels JM (ed.). Madison, WI: <strong>Soil</strong> Science Society of America,<br />

American Society of Agronomy, pp. 475–490, 1996.<br />

7. Phene CJ. Oxygen electrode measurement. In Methods of <strong>Soil</strong> Analysis, Part 1:<br />

Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 2nd ed., Klute A (ed.). Madison, WI: <strong>Soil</strong>

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