Constructing Ionian identities: the Ionian Islands in British official ...

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Hennock E. P., “The Urban Sanitary Movement in England and Germany, 1838- 1914: A comparison”, Continuity and Change, 15, (2), (2000). Hill B., British Parliamentary Parties 1742-1832, (London, 1985). Hinde W., George Canning, (New York, 1973). Hiotis P., Istoria ton Eptanison apo tin Venetokratia mexri tin elefsi ton Agglon 1500-1816 [History of the Septinsula from the Venetian rule unti the advent of the English, 1500-1816], (Athens, 1980, reprinted). Hitiris G., H Kerkyra sta mesa tou 19ou aiona, [Kerkyra in the middle nineteenth century], (Corfu, 1988). Hitiris G., “Politiki ekfrasi tis koinonikis diaforopoiiseos sta Aglokratoumena Eftanisa [Political expression of the social differentiation in the Eftanisa under English rule]”, Kerkyraika Chronika, 20, (1976). Hitiris G., “Domi ke leitourgia tis Eftanisiotikis Koinonias (apo ton 16o os ton 19o aiona) [Structure and function of the Ionian society]”, Praktika Pemptou Panioniou Synedriou [Proceedings of the 5th Pan-Ionian Conference], (Athens, 1986). Hobsbawm E., The Age of Capital, 1848-1875, (London, 1975). Holland R. and Markides D., The British and the Hellenes: Struggles for Mastery in the Eastern Mediterranean 1850-1960, (Oxford, 2006). Howe S., Ireland and Empire: Colonial Legacies in Irish History and Culture, (Oxford, 2002). Huch R. K., Joseph Hume, the people’s M.P., (Philadelphia, 1985). Idromenos A., Politiki Istoria tis Eptanisou, [Political History of the Septinsula] 1815-1864, (Corfu, 1935, reprinted). IEE: Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous, [History of the Greek Nation], X-XIII, (Athens, 1974-1977). 380
Iremonger L., Lord Aberdeen, (London, 1978). James, C. L. R., The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo revolution, (London, 2001, reprinted). Jenkins B., Henry Goulburn 1784-1856: A Political Biography, (Liverpool, 1996). Jenkins R., Gladstone, (London 1995). Jenkyns R., The Victorians and Ancient Greece, (Oxford, 1980). Jones W., Prosperity Robinson: The Life of Viscount Goderich 1782-1859, (London, 1967). Kalafatis T., ‘Ta syntagmata tis Eptanisou Politeias (1800-1807): Oria ke antitheseis’ [The constitutions of the Septinsular Republic: limits and contradictions], in A. Nikiforou (ed.), Eptanisos Politeia (1800-1807): ta meizona istorika zitimata [Septinsular Republic: the major historical issues], (Corfu, 2001). Kalantzis K., I Istoria tis Megalis Ellinikis Epanastaseos I - II, [The History of the Great Greek Revolution I-II], (Athens, 1963-64). Kalogeropoulou-Strati S., “I Enosi tis Eptanisou ke I oudeterotita tis Kerkyras” [The Union of the Septinsula and the neutrality of Corfu] Praktika tetartou Panioniou Synedriou [Proceedings of the 4th Pan-Ionian Conference], 2, Corfu Chronicles, (Corfu, 1982). Karapidakis, N. E., ‘Oi sxeseis dioikounta ke dioikoumenou sti venetikratoumeni Kerkyra’ [Relations between ruler and ruled in Corfu under Venetian rule], in A. Nikiforou (ed.), Kerkira, mia Mesogiaki synthesi: nisiotismos, diktiam anthropina perivallonta 16os - 19os aionas [Corfu, a Mediterranean synthesis: island mentality, networks, human milieu, 16th -19th centuries], International Conference Proceedings, (Corfu, 1998). Karapidakis, N. E., ‘Apo ton koinotismo stin politiki: koinoniologia ton dianooumenon ke ton anthropon tis politikis drasis ston eptanisiako horo (teli tou 18ou aiona arhes tou 19ou) [From the community system to politics: 381
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Constructing Ionian Identities: The
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Abstract Utilising material such as
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I owe a great debt to Alison Kitson
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Table of Contents Introduction: Con
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Introduction.......................
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examined the establishment of the I
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This thesis examines the processes
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journeys facilitated “the continu
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approaches and interpretations to p
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Fallmerayer and George Finlay about
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during the examination of the Ionia
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examine internationality, to explor
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‘nationality’ of the inhabitant
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Holland and Markides's focus on Gla
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century. 31 Her work demonstrates t
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“foundational text” of postcolo
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national identity. 45 She argued it
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emains an important contribution to
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prevailing historiographical myths
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such as John Stuart Mill argued “
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qualities of women and instilling t
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context of the Empire, this placed
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This focus on difference, which inc
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literature, particularly Homeric te
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fascinated by their local festivals
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theatre, opera houses and religious
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ut used it to explain elements of I
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years would be, I am convinced an e
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British ambiguities in their repres
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William Gladstone. Collectively the
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The British Parliamentary Papers pr
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governments. Politically, Venice or
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Economically, the Ionian Islands su
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permanent, ultimately had a long-te
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Summary of the chapters. Chapter on
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power as the most effective way to
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The conclusion reiterates the compl
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destroyed and occupied lucrative Fr
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Fifteen years of vigorous devotion
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to avoid the kind of slave revolt i
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at preserving the integrity of the
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authorities for this purpose”. 27
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political situation following the m
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centuries under Venetian and Russia
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the Septinsula, which led to the de
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evolt in 1791 led by Toussaint l’
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Maitland's administration “was an
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effectively summarised his characte
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on the state, character, and condit
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political behaviour under their pre
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In Madras, Bentinck held more liber
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Castlereagh complained of Bentinck
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and miscellaneous subjects. 105 The
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majority of laws passed during the
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and direction of European territori
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of these debates on 23 February 182
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despotism under the disguise of a r
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with “young men from England, …
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Ionian individuals. Goulburn interp
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119 “…We [are their] Guardians
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Henry argued Maitland’s obsession
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authorised to correct the abuses an
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“The Lord High Commissioner gover
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existing constitution of the Ionian
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Islands to deal with Ionian complai
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he ceded the territory of Parga, a
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who did not obey with exile and con
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was killed and three were wounded.
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ule in the Islands. 86 What mattere
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elieved authoritarian government wa
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consideration and benevolent thinki
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Conclusion. The Constitution of 181
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Chapter 3: Debating the reform of t
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followed: an improved criminal code
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Nugent’s policy in the Islands di
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eform without the Colonial Office
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To Kirkpatrick, a member of the Sup
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candidate in Liverpool in 1832 and
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passion, lack of self-control and r
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Ionian families the economic burden
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Constantinople and win assent to th
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their surplus revenue. Moreover, al
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Mediterranean. They were important
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Douglas’s view of the “very bac
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Charles Grant, Lord Glenelg, was a
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Assembly retaliated by systematical
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was sceptical of the property regul
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He was familiar with imperial polit
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unlawful. 112 Stephen’s opinion w
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Mustoxidi. As European peoples with
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material improvements in the Island
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corruption, and in the next place,
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supported Douglas’s argument that
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Chapter 4: Seaton’s reform progra
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learned European languages. 6 His l
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political institutions and sought m
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suggested by Gladstone during his m
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British administration ruled the Is
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societies failed politically unless
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promised there would be no misuse o
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Indies. In Lord Melbourne’s minis
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New Zealand, where Grey proposed a
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critics. Believing the issue would
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policy to prepare the Ionians for r
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the power of traditional institutio
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military ports and harbours and to
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wounded and several casualties for
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Ionians, especially those without p
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Parliament, trusting Seaton’s ass
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were marked in the margin of the te
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government practised in other parts
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and was considered a “radical lea
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too far on the franchise. 12 Privat
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as the use of patronage, which he b
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Ward believed Ionians ought to exer
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civilised nation, was fit to govern
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that at this time, they were not ye
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a rural struggle against the ruling
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and dismembering of some victims. 6
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joined the Risospasti and expressed
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and Cephalonian affairs. Papanicola
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protection in favour of union with
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there “was something in the posse
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Although Ward privately opposed con
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British protection and the administ
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evised their regulations to make it
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the Senate took the recess of Parli
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have been formed in the English sch
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Islands and making Corfu a colony,
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the existing penalties for direct p
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only get support if he offered patr
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as his opinions regarding Ward's fa
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successor's, Sir John Young's, tenu
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offered a critical view of British
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egan in November 1853 following Rus
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people”. 16 The Risospasti used t
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when dealing with the Assembly. 25
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accept Ionian candidates. Excluding
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superiors to be apprehensive of his
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advocated the union of the Islands
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problems of British rule in the Isl
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Gladstone entered politics as a Tor
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greater responsibility over their o
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Islands connected to Britain. Like
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shared. 85 Gladstone was also an ou
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Ionian Protectorate in the Colonial
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serve as Lord High Commissioner for
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“presents at once the symptoms of
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esulting in the rise of a radical n
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that, with time, the Ionians would
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emaining members nominated by the L
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elationship with a “quarrelsome
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autocratic measures in ruling the E
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impossible. The geographical positi
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nominations were by the Lord High C
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friend Sidney Herbert that his cons
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and imperial supremacy. In the end
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for the post. After the fall of Der
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tone, claiming “the greatest obje
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and other Peelites, “dedicated to
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Prorogation of the Assembly continu
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providing for the substitution of a
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prorogued the Assembly for six mont
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him was that even the most trusted
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Page 331 and 332: conclusive and Storks’s request w
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Page 335 and 336: they were not suited for “self-go
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Page 339 and 340: Unlike his predecessors, Storks did
Page 341 and 342: The Colonial Office defended Storks
Page 343 and 344: capital. 112 However, such desires
Page 345 and 346: good impression “with his simplic
Page 347 and 348: In 1862, Palmerston found a solutio
Page 349 and 350: At the time of the rumours the Colo
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Page 353 and 354: Conclusion In the aftermath of Glad
Page 355 and 356: Conclusion During their years as a
Page 357 and 358: Correspondence between the Lord Hig
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Page 361 and 362: constitutional reforms, he introduc
Page 363 and 364: justify Ionian unfitness for respon
Page 365 and 366: constructed binary oppositions and
Page 367 and 368: British parliamentary papers, XXXII
Page 369 and 370: Lear E., Views in the Seven Ionian
Page 371 and 372: Synedriou, [Proceedings of the 4th
Page 373 and 374: Panioniou Synedriou [Proceedings of
Page 375 and 376: Chytitiris G., “Young and Gladsto
Page 377 and 378: Dixon C. W., The Colonial Administr
Page 379: Hall C. and Rose S., “Introductio
Page 383 and 384: Knox B. A., “British Policy and t
Page 385 and 386: Makris T., “I eleutherotipia ke I
Page 387 and 388: Morrell W. P., British Colonial Pol
Page 389 and 390: Paximadopoulou-Stavrinou M., Oi eks
Page 391 and 392: Sainty J. C., Colonial Office Offic
Page 393 and 394: Stringos A., I Epanastasi tou ‘21
Page 395 and 396: Woodhouse C. M., The Greek War of I
Page 397: Tumelty J. J., “The Ionian Island
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