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and affection. There is no doubt that immaterial things and feelings am difficult to equate. That is why, the Prophet Muhammad often said: "Lord, I do full justice in what lies in my power, but forgive me that which is beyond my control. "' 1 Allah is aware of that. Accordingly, when He put the condition of - equality. He knew such a condition is impossible to fulfill even if the human being endeavours to fulfill it as the Qurlan makes it clear in this verse. "Ye are never able to be fair and just as between women, even if it is your ardent-ý desire. " 2 Accordingly, a husband who fears that he will not be able to treat his wives with equality must not have more than one wife. As the Qurlan stresses that: "But if ye fear that ye shall not, be ableL to deal Justly ( with them ) therr only one. " "Ye. are never-able to be fair and just as between womeno"3 Islam does not permit a husband to show more love and care to one of his wives than the others, leaving them in a situation where they are formally married, but, in actuality, as if they are not. As the Qurlan says: "But turn not away (from a woman) altogether, so as to leave her, (as it were) hanging (in the air). " 4 Polygamy. it should be realised, is not an obligation on any Muslim. It Is permitted as a licence only if there are certain special circumstances that make it necessary for a man to have more than one wife. Some of these circumstances might be social while others might be individual'. or personal. Social Pressures X -, - 1., -For instance, when a country fights many wars. this results in - a. considerable paucity of men'which may be-due to the fact that many 1. See Salip, Sugds op. cit., P. 127 2. Q. 4: 129 3. Q. 49 39 129* 4. Q. 4,129 103
men are killed. leaving widows and orphans to be supported. is Spencer suggested in his book. "The Fundamentals of Sociology"t if each of the men who survive the war have only one wife. then there will be a lot of women without husbands. The result of that will be a considerable drop in the number of children born which might lead to a considerable imbalance between the rate of birth and that of death. This will weaken the nation. Accordingly, if such a nation is to retain its power, then there will be a need for polygamy in order to make use of all the women available to that nation in terms of getting them to give birth to children. " And, Sayd Qutb also believed that 0 polygamy then, is a necessary legislation to face the odd situations that result from the imbalance between the number of men and women (in the society). However, it cannot be practised in the normal circumstances when the number of men is equal to that of the women, in such a case there will be no spare female without a husband . An example to such a case is, at the beginning of Islam when Islamic of 2 society was at the stage of establishing itself, there was an urgent need for polygamy. This was due to the fact that there was a lot of battles and wars that Muslims had to fight. As a result of such wars. a lot of Muslim men were killed, leaving behind a lot of widows and orphans children who were in need of men to look after and provide for them., For instance, in the battle of Uhud. 0 70 men out of 700 Muslims were slain. 3 2. In normal circumstances. when there were no warso the number of 1ý Iý women might still be much more than the number of men. What would happen if the number of women for example, is twice or three times the 1. Al-Darrawi, Muhammad, al-Zairaj al-Isfam-i, AmZm al-Tabedjyva' - -, Ial; mic Marri; ge before the Challenges). p. 123 2. Ibid. 3. Siddiqi, op. cit.. Pe 116 tq(The 104
Page 1 and 2:
THE CHANGING POSITION OF WOMEN IN A
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to exp
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INTRODUCTION The Islamic and Arabic
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The status of women in Islamic and
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civilization or of both combined. S
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funcultivatable valley', although i
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2) The second source of support was
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and would not take them captive, be
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fight Muslims; not satisfied with t
Page 19 and 20:
From the Qurlan, we know that she w
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would not marry at all unless she h
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unequal match. "If you can't find a
Page 25 and 26:
ut also among the Hebrews and Arame
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that The fact is/ this marriage doe
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elated to the economic and social c
Page 31 and 32:
However. Islam forbade this kind of
Page 33 and 34:
How was the wife treated Most of th
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49 Another example is the Zainah ma
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'Excepýi for rare cases in countri
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ArZý; The wife of Shai used to dis
Page 41 and 42:
A man could divorce his wife. remar
Page 43 and 44:
women as the Qurlan says: For those
Page 45 and 46:
divorce. the man takes compensation
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The Woman's Inheritance in Pre-Isla
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among his children. giving to a mal
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asking him to bring his mother, Lay
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Burying Daughters Alive In Pre-Isla
Page 55 and 56: 2. The second motive was the fear t
Page 57 and 58: "But infanticide was not a new thin
Page 59 and 60: Or was it at any' specific age ? Th
Page 61 and 62: some mothers must have felt that it
Page 63 and 64: So it is not surprising that the tw
Page 65 and 66: 0 The Qurlan caýe prohibiting this
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER TWO In the previous chapter
Page 69 and 70: Ia I "As to the thief. male or fema
Page 71 and 72: to defend the tribe or bring in boo
Page 73 and 74: For the majority of Arab men, this
Page 75 and 76: the Islamic system for sharing out
Page 77 and 78: Marriage in Islam The family is the
Page 79 and 80: A tradition reported that. "when a
Page 81 and 82: I. The first kind includes those wo
Page 83 and 84: 2. Also. Islam has forbidden a man'
Page 85 and 86: However. a man can get married to a
Page 87 and 88: I c Ati"said, No. ýnless she is wi
Page 89 and 90: ut the woman can not have two husba
Page 91 and 92: His chief duty is to see that the p
Page 93 and 94: Dowry in Islam. is the wife's right
Page 95 and 96: iron ring. " The man went and searc
Page 97 and 98: , without , paying it. If a man div
Page 99 and 100: give me what is sufficient for me a
Page 101 and 102: discuss later with divorce in Islam
Page 103 and 104: excuses as the Prophet said: "If a
Page 105: The idea behind the Qurlanic verse
Page 109 and 110: for another wife for her husband in
Page 111 and 112: Divorce in Islam Islam considers ma
Page 113 and 114: Beating (Lightly): If the husband d
Page 115 and 116: period (idda) as the Qurlan states:
Page 117 and 118: 6 114 family's house together with
Page 119 and 120: is to give the opportunity to notic
Page 121 and 122: On that, Allah's Apostle said (to h
Page 123 and 124: 4: his father. Ibn Umar said, 'The
Page 125 and 126: -"The mothers ' shall give two whol
Page 127 and 128: then he could force her to marry so
Page 129 and 130: should support her financially unti
Page 131 and 132: The right of a woman as a mother in
Page 133 and 134: Also: "Serve God, and join not any
Page 135 and 136: KHADIJAH BINT KHUWAYLID The longest
Page 137 and 138: The marriage was effected through t
Page 139 and 140: It must be taken into consideration
Page 141 and 142: "Of the days of her childhood and e
Page 143 and 144: 4- , "Alisha. although young, was m
Page 145 and 146: "How do you know that? " "When you
Page 147 and 148: "Take half your religion from this
Page 149 and 150: and the leaders who wereicompanions
Page 151 and 152: Although her actions in this event
Page 153 and 154: the depth of sadness that her fathe
Page 155 and 156: The Prophet was elated by the birth
Page 157 and 158:
154 The Prophet' a, special love to
Page 159 and 160:
Time passed and F; timah still rema
Page 161 and 162:
just to save their lives. 1 As for
Page 163 and 164:
It is said a Qurlanic verse was rev
Page 165 and 166:
At the beginning of the battles, th
Page 167 and 168:
There were many occasions when Musl
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ln*Ukaz marketplace. It was not too
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However, history also recorded the
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CONCLUSION Inconclusion, the triump
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbot, Nabia, Aishah t
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Holt. P. M. Lambton 9 AN. W. K.. Le
Page 179 and 180:
Roberts, Robert, Social Laws of the
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