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however. is that inmarriage, the man responsible for building up the -- marital house, by saying so, we meant that the man caries out the whole financial burden in protecting and supporting this house, In view of what we discurlslam noticed that the distraction of the contract by divorce will have more drastic effect on the man than the woman, Therefore. by giving the man the divorce responsiblity, -Islam considers his contribution. -Islam made it difficult for him to, practice this right without thinking of his loss beforehand. In the inevitable condition when the man divorces his wife. he knows that he is the only one who faces all-the losses. On the other hand, if Islam gave the right of divorce to the wife who did not, as we mentioned financially support the marriage. it would be easy for her to practise this right without losing much and it would be unfair for the man. However, this does not mean that the woman was completely deprived of the right to separate. Islam had given the woman the right to request divorce when she was harmed ( because of her marriage)* Such a divorce, %; 1 where a woman-divorced her husband is called Khul. C Khul, then is the husband's separation from his wife in which he gets a financial compensation fromhis wife, The wife's objective in such a case is to get rid of her husband in such a way that he cannot come back to her without h6r consent. In other words, the wife seeks the separation by giving him (her husband) a part or the whole of the dowry which was given her by the husband or by offering an agreed sum of money to him in return for his consent to-divorce her: "if ye (judges) do indeed fear that they would be unable to keep the limits ordained by God, there is no blame on either of them if she give something for her freedom. " 2 In the tradition Ibn Abbas narrated that the wife of TIGabit bin Qay's came to the Prophet and said: "0 Allah's Apostle II do not blame Thabit for defects in his character or his religion, but 1, being a Muslim, dislike to behave in un-Islamic manner (if I remain with him. )" 1, See Al-Jaiij, Vol. 4. op. cit., P. 406 117
On that, Allah's Apostle said (to her). "Will you give back the garden which your husband had given you (as Mahr)? " She said, "Yes. " Then the Prophet said to Th; bit, 110 Th; bitl Accept your &ardent and divorce her once. " 1 The reason for this kind of divorce might be the woman's dislike of her husband because of his temper, physical appearance (such as being old, being weak) or being irreligious. when she fears being disloyal to him. Other cases in which the woman can request divorce are the husband's absence for a long time in such a way that nothing is known about him, or when he is sentenced to long imprisonment. For instance. Ibn al-Musaiyyab said, "If a person is lost from a file in a battle, his wife should wait for one year before she remarries. " 2 Also, if the husband maltreats his wife and there are a lot of disputes and disagreements between them to such an extent that the wife might be harmed as a result of that, then the wife has the equest divorce. Furthermore, if the husband refrains from providing for her, she can also seek separation. So, Islam protects the women's rights by giving her the right to separate from her husband when she feels that she needs it, and it is the duty of the husband to accept her request for separation. Lea (a kind of irrevocable divorce) 4.0 The word Lian means expelling and dismissal. Al-Nawawy stated that "This kind of divorce is called Al-Ll; n because a husband and wife 3 are separated from each other irre9ocably. " When a husband accuses his wife of adultery without any evidence and without four witnesses, C- then Lian must'be undertaken. The procedure is as follows: 1. Sahih al-Bukhario Vol. 7. op. cit., P. 149 2. Ibid 0 3. KaMalah. Umar, al-Ziria wa muk; fabatuh, P, 114 0 118
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THE CHANGING POSITION OF WOMEN IN A
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to exp
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INTRODUCTION The Islamic and Arabic
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The status of women in Islamic and
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civilization or of both combined. S
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funcultivatable valley', although i
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2) The second source of support was
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and would not take them captive, be
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fight Muslims; not satisfied with t
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From the Qurlan, we know that she w
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would not marry at all unless she h
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unequal match. "If you can't find a
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ut also among the Hebrews and Arame
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that The fact is/ this marriage doe
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elated to the economic and social c
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However. Islam forbade this kind of
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How was the wife treated Most of th
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49 Another example is the Zainah ma
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'Excepýi for rare cases in countri
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ArZý; The wife of Shai used to dis
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A man could divorce his wife. remar
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women as the Qurlan says: For those
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divorce. the man takes compensation
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The Woman's Inheritance in Pre-Isla
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among his children. giving to a mal
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asking him to bring his mother, Lay
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Burying Daughters Alive In Pre-Isla
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2. The second motive was the fear t
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"But infanticide was not a new thin
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Or was it at any' specific age ? Th
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some mothers must have felt that it
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So it is not surprising that the tw
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0 The Qurlan caýe prohibiting this
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CHAPTER TWO In the previous chapter
Page 69 and 70: Ia I "As to the thief. male or fema
Page 71 and 72: to defend the tribe or bring in boo
Page 73 and 74: For the majority of Arab men, this
Page 75 and 76: the Islamic system for sharing out
Page 77 and 78: Marriage in Islam The family is the
Page 79 and 80: A tradition reported that. "when a
Page 81 and 82: I. The first kind includes those wo
Page 83 and 84: 2. Also. Islam has forbidden a man'
Page 85 and 86: However. a man can get married to a
Page 87 and 88: I c Ati"said, No. ýnless she is wi
Page 89 and 90: ut the woman can not have two husba
Page 91 and 92: His chief duty is to see that the p
Page 93 and 94: Dowry in Islam. is the wife's right
Page 95 and 96: iron ring. " The man went and searc
Page 97 and 98: , without , paying it. If a man div
Page 99 and 100: give me what is sufficient for me a
Page 101 and 102: discuss later with divorce in Islam
Page 103 and 104: excuses as the Prophet said: "If a
Page 105 and 106: The idea behind the Qurlanic verse
Page 107 and 108: men are killed. leaving widows and
Page 109 and 110: for another wife for her husband in
Page 111 and 112: Divorce in Islam Islam considers ma
Page 113 and 114: Beating (Lightly): If the husband d
Page 115 and 116: period (idda) as the Qurlan states:
Page 117 and 118: 6 114 family's house together with
Page 119: is to give the opportunity to notic
Page 123 and 124: 4: his father. Ibn Umar said, 'The
Page 125 and 126: -"The mothers ' shall give two whol
Page 127 and 128: then he could force her to marry so
Page 129 and 130: should support her financially unti
Page 131 and 132: The right of a woman as a mother in
Page 133 and 134: Also: "Serve God, and join not any
Page 135 and 136: KHADIJAH BINT KHUWAYLID The longest
Page 137 and 138: The marriage was effected through t
Page 139 and 140: It must be taken into consideration
Page 141 and 142: "Of the days of her childhood and e
Page 143 and 144: 4- , "Alisha. although young, was m
Page 145 and 146: "How do you know that? " "When you
Page 147 and 148: "Take half your religion from this
Page 149 and 150: and the leaders who wereicompanions
Page 151 and 152: Although her actions in this event
Page 153 and 154: the depth of sadness that her fathe
Page 155 and 156: The Prophet was elated by the birth
Page 157 and 158: 154 The Prophet' a, special love to
Page 159 and 160: Time passed and F; timah still rema
Page 161 and 162: just to save their lives. 1 As for
Page 163 and 164: It is said a Qurlanic verse was rev
Page 165 and 166: At the beginning of the battles, th
Page 167 and 168: There were many occasions when Musl
Page 169 and 170: ln*Ukaz marketplace. It was not too
Page 171 and 172:
However, history also recorded the
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CONCLUSION Inconclusion, the triump
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbot, Nabia, Aishah t
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Holt. P. M. Lambton 9 AN. W. K.. Le
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Roberts, Robert, Social Laws of the
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