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The words 'Ye have gone in' are explained by Ibn Abbas's commentary on Dukkiu'l, MaJis and lim9s (in Arabic) all meaning the sexual intercourse$ The grand-daughters (born of one's wife) are also unlawful to marry, like her daughter and her sisters, as indicated by the statement of the prophet to his wife UmmHablbA. "Do not present to me your sisters. " Similarly, the wife of a grandson and the wife of a son are equally unlawful to marry. Will a step-daughter of a man be called a step-daughter if she is not under his guardianship ? The Prophet gave a step-daughter of his to some people to take care of. The Prophet called his grandson (Al-Uasan ibn'Ali) his son. " (ii) A man's wife's mother :a man can not get married to his mother in law or any of her progenitors once his marriage is contracted even if his marriage is not consummated. Marriage is also forbidden between relations by marriage. A relation by marriage (Al Musiharah) is a description (of relations) 0 similar to blood relations (Al-Qar7abah) and it is obtained by one of four possibilities. It can be obtained through a man's daughter in law, step daughter. a father's wife (step mother) or mother-in-law. Islamic Shari. -lah has forbidden such a marriage because of Al-Mujaharah and it is similar to Al-Qazýaibah in that both bring families together by a bond of love and mutual respect. When a man gets married to a woman, his mother in law becomes similar to his own mother and she should be respected and honoured. A mother can not share a husband with her own daughter as this will result in hatred instead of love and compassion. So, Islam has forbidden a man's getting married to a woman and her daughter. Sahih al-Bukhars, op. cit., Vol. 7, P- 31* 79
2. Also. Islam has forbidden a man's getting married to a woman if that woman was breast fed by his mother. as the Qurlan implied that: "Foster mothers (who gave you suck) foster sisters. " 1 In the tradition, wilsha (the wife of the Prophet) narrated that while Allah's apostle was with her. she heard a voice of a man asking permission to enter the house of Hafsa. 'Wisha added, I said, 10' Allah's 00 Apostlel This man is asking permission to enter your house. " The Prophet said "I think he is so and so. naming the foster-uncle of 6-1 Hafsa. Aisha said, "if so and so. " naming her foster uncle, were living, 00 could he enter upon me ? The Prophet said. "Yes, for foster' relations make all those things (lawful and)'unlawful which are I (lawful and) unlawful through corresponding birth (blood) relation. " 2 Ibn Abbas also narrated it was said to the'Prophet, "Won't you marry the daughter of Hamza ? 11 He said, "she is my foster niece (foster brother's daughter). 3 Some scholars are of the opinion that three meals (breast feeding a baby three times) are enough to forbid marriage; others think that five meals are enough. In the tradition, Aisha narrated that the Prophet entered upon her while a man was sitting with her. Signs of anger seemed to appear on his face as if he disliked that. She said. "Here is my foster "brother. " He said, "Be sure as to who is your foster brother, for foster-relationship is 'established' only when milk is the only food of the child. " 4 It'is very important to mention here that suckling which brings about foster-relationship is that which is done when the baby is under two years of age. 5 The reason behind the prohibition of marriage by breast feeding is that when a woman breast feeds a baby. she participates Q. 4.23 2,, ' 1 See Sahih al. Bukhari. Vol. 7, op. cit., P, 24 and 25 3. Ibid 4. " For more details. see Ibn Kathir, op. cit., Vol. 1. P. 371 5., Ibid and Sahih al. -Bukhari, Vol. 7. op. cit., P. 27 80
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THE CHANGING POSITION OF WOMEN IN A
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to exp
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INTRODUCTION The Islamic and Arabic
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The status of women in Islamic and
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civilization or of both combined. S
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funcultivatable valley', although i
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2) The second source of support was
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and would not take them captive, be
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fight Muslims; not satisfied with t
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From the Qurlan, we know that she w
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would not marry at all unless she h
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unequal match. "If you can't find a
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ut also among the Hebrews and Arame
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that The fact is/ this marriage doe
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elated to the economic and social c
Page 31 and 32: However. Islam forbade this kind of
Page 33 and 34: How was the wife treated Most of th
Page 35 and 36: 49 Another example is the Zainah ma
Page 37 and 38: 'Excepýi for rare cases in countri
Page 39 and 40: ArZý; The wife of Shai used to dis
Page 41 and 42: A man could divorce his wife. remar
Page 43 and 44: women as the Qurlan says: For those
Page 45 and 46: divorce. the man takes compensation
Page 47 and 48: The Woman's Inheritance in Pre-Isla
Page 49 and 50: among his children. giving to a mal
Page 51 and 52: asking him to bring his mother, Lay
Page 53 and 54: Burying Daughters Alive In Pre-Isla
Page 55 and 56: 2. The second motive was the fear t
Page 57 and 58: "But infanticide was not a new thin
Page 59 and 60: Or was it at any' specific age ? Th
Page 61 and 62: some mothers must have felt that it
Page 63 and 64: So it is not surprising that the tw
Page 65 and 66: 0 The Qurlan caýe prohibiting this
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER TWO In the previous chapter
Page 69 and 70: Ia I "As to the thief. male or fema
Page 71 and 72: to defend the tribe or bring in boo
Page 73 and 74: For the majority of Arab men, this
Page 75 and 76: the Islamic system for sharing out
Page 77 and 78: Marriage in Islam The family is the
Page 79 and 80: A tradition reported that. "when a
Page 81: I. The first kind includes those wo
Page 85 and 86: However. a man can get married to a
Page 87 and 88: I c Ati"said, No. ýnless she is wi
Page 89 and 90: ut the woman can not have two husba
Page 91 and 92: His chief duty is to see that the p
Page 93 and 94: Dowry in Islam. is the wife's right
Page 95 and 96: iron ring. " The man went and searc
Page 97 and 98: , without , paying it. If a man div
Page 99 and 100: give me what is sufficient for me a
Page 101 and 102: discuss later with divorce in Islam
Page 103 and 104: excuses as the Prophet said: "If a
Page 105 and 106: The idea behind the Qurlanic verse
Page 107 and 108: men are killed. leaving widows and
Page 109 and 110: for another wife for her husband in
Page 111 and 112: Divorce in Islam Islam considers ma
Page 113 and 114: Beating (Lightly): If the husband d
Page 115 and 116: period (idda) as the Qurlan states:
Page 117 and 118: 6 114 family's house together with
Page 119 and 120: is to give the opportunity to notic
Page 121 and 122: On that, Allah's Apostle said (to h
Page 123 and 124: 4: his father. Ibn Umar said, 'The
Page 125 and 126: -"The mothers ' shall give two whol
Page 127 and 128: then he could force her to marry so
Page 129 and 130: should support her financially unti
Page 131 and 132: The right of a woman as a mother in
Page 133 and 134:
Also: "Serve God, and join not any
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KHADIJAH BINT KHUWAYLID The longest
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The marriage was effected through t
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It must be taken into consideration
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"Of the days of her childhood and e
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4- , "Alisha. although young, was m
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"How do you know that? " "When you
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"Take half your religion from this
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and the leaders who wereicompanions
Page 151 and 152:
Although her actions in this event
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the depth of sadness that her fathe
Page 155 and 156:
The Prophet was elated by the birth
Page 157 and 158:
154 The Prophet' a, special love to
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Time passed and F; timah still rema
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just to save their lives. 1 As for
Page 163 and 164:
It is said a Qurlanic verse was rev
Page 165 and 166:
At the beginning of the battles, th
Page 167 and 168:
There were many occasions when Musl
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ln*Ukaz marketplace. It was not too
Page 171 and 172:
However, history also recorded the
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CONCLUSION Inconclusion, the triump
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbot, Nabia, Aishah t
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Holt. P. M. Lambton 9 AN. W. K.. Le
Page 179 and 180:
Roberts, Robert, Social Laws of the
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