Open%20borders%20The%20case%20against%20immigration%20controls%20-%20Teresa%20Hayter

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Resistance 135 had made. Abdul then continued to speak at public meetings. Others have campaigned publicly against their own deportation, often with success. Ivoiriens, as a national group, have demonstrated outside courts, at Campsfield and even outside their own embassy; some of them have been active in organising opposition groups with, unusually, a socialist orientation. Algerian and Zairean community groups have organised protests and spoken at meetings. Many in the Kurdish community, some of them PKK members, have been active protesters and demonstrators. But it is inherently hard for refugees, given the extreme precariousness of their situation, their vulnerability and the dangers they have faced and still face in their own countries, to organise active campaigns against their mistreatment by the British authorities. It is a different matter for black communities who are already settled in Britain, many of whose members were born in Britain and who had from the start, unlike in other European countries, full political and voting rights if they had migrated from Commonwealth countries. Over the years there has been growing black self-organisation to assert black people’s rights and against racism, police harassment, other forms of institutional discrimination and the far right. There have been a succession of organisations formed among black and Asian immigrants, sometimes jointly with white antiracists, including the West Indian Standing Conference, the Campaign Against Racial Discrimination (CARD), the Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants (JCWI). The Institute of Race Relations, initially a white-led and staffed research organisation, later became radicalised and is now black-led; it produces the journal Race and Class. The Indian Workers’ Associations (IWAs), first set up in the 1950s, with connections with the Communist Party of India, developed sometimes acrimonious relationships with the trade unions and the Labour Party. In the late 1960s Black Panthers were active in Brixton in South London. More recently Southall Black Sisters, the Southall Monitoring Group and the Newham Monitoring Project in London, in defending the rights of black people, have of necessity been engaged with asylum seekers, for example in protesting against the murder of Ibrahima Sey, a Ghanaian asylum seeker killed by police. Some black-led organisations, in particular in the late 1990s the National Assembly Against Racism (NAAR), have explicitly extended their campaigning to refugees and other persecuted so-called ‘illegal’ migrants. They have pointed out that the increasing abuses of human rights and racist attitudes to which refugees and new migrants are subjected affect also the settled black communities. Since it has become a criminal offence for employers to employ people who do not have the correct immigration status, employers have become even more wary of employing anybody whom they suspect of being a foreigner, and especially black people. The greater emphasis on internal rather than border checks by immigration officials and police, and the greater powers of arrest, entry to private premises and the use of force given to immigration officials, is likely to subject black people, including long-term residents, to yet more
136 Open Borders harassment, demands to produce documents to prove their immigration status, and possibly detention, and will probably lead to greater solidarity between new and long-established migrants. On the other hand some members of established immigrant communities have been unwilling to support refugees and so-called ‘bogus asylum seekers and illegal immigrants’, affected perhaps by the prejudice fostered by the authorities and the media, and believing that people who are locked up must have committed some crime. In particular some who migrated from eastern Europe, Germany and elsewhere before and soon after the Second World War differentiate themselves from the people who are now doing so, claiming that, unlike themselves or their parents, the latter are not refugees but ‘economic’ migrants in search of a better life. Since the 1950s, there has also been a succession of organisations, some of them official, supporting the rights of immigrants and campaigning against racist discrimination in immigration controls and racism in general. The local branches of the Race Relations Board and then the Commission for Racial Equality, the Community Relations Councils (CRCs) and now the Race Equality Councils, have acted to defend individuals faced with immigration problems, as well as against racism in general. The UNHCR and Amnesty International, with varying degrees of commitment and radicalism, have attacked the policies of governments towards refugees and asylum seekers. The Refugee Council, which is funded by the Home Office, has been critical of government policies. In the voluntary sector, Asylum Aid, a charity based in London, has both campaigned and provided legal services for refugees. The Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of Torture has done much to support refugees, especially by providing medical evidence of torture for use in asylum appeals, and it also campaigns on behalf of refugees. The Immigration Law Practitioners’ Association (ILPA) coordinates information and criticises British asylum policies. These organisations, with the Churches Commission for Racial Justice (CCRJ), have set up an Asylum Rights Campaign. An organisation, Bail for Immigration Detainees (BID), has been set up to find sureties. Asylum Welcome, a charity in Oxford, has organised visitors to Campsfield and supported increasing numbers of refugees outside Campsfield with their legal, housing and other social needs. There is a network of visitors’ organisations, the Association of Visitors to Immigration Detainees (AVID), which has included visitors to detainees in Harmondsworth and Tinsley detention centres and Winchester and Haslar prisons. These organisations tend to argue for improvements in the system, for more fairness, for less racism in the application of immigration controls, rather than for their abolition. The left in Britain has generally had a position of opposition to all immigration controls and the repeal of the various asylum and immigration acts. There have been many anti-racist campaigns and committees in different cities, with the involvement of trade unionists, students and others. For a while in the 1970s the Anti-Nazi League was a prominent national
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OPEN BORDERS The Case Against Immig
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CONTENTS Preface to the First Editi
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PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION This b
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PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION The f
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Preface to the Second Edition xi Th
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Preface to the Second Edition xiii
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Preface to the Second Edition xv An
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Preface to the Second Edition xvii
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Preface to the Second Edition xix o
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Preface to the Second Edition xxi a
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Preface to the Second Edition xxiii
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Preface to the Second Edition xxv r
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INTRODUCTION Human beings have migr
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Introduction 3 an orgy of ‘libera
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Introduction 5 of people coming fro
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Introduction 7 merely led to demand
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Migration, and Migratory Myths 9 fo
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Migration, and Migratory Myths 11 I
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Migration, and Migratory Myths 13 o
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Migration, and Migratory Myths 15 p
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Migration, and Migratory Myths 17 i
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Migration, and Migratory Myths 19 T
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2 BORDER CONTROLS RACISM Many, prob
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Border Controls 23 Mrs Thatcher’s
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Border Controls 25 some 80,000 Prot
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Border Controls 27 be a blessing fo
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Border Controls 29 abilities or ski
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Border Controls 31 streets for fear
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Border Controls 33 MP for Dover had
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Border Controls 35 black people and
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Border Controls 37 efforts to contr
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Border Controls 39 more crucially,
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Border Controls 41 But Labour’s i
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Border Controls 43 Sir Edward Boyle
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Border Controls 45 when asked about
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Border Controls 47 Even, it was arg
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Border Controls 49 whelmingly as yo
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Border Controls 51 admission of stu
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Border Controls 53 middle class the
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Border Controls 55 the guestworker
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Border Controls 57 entitled only th
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Border Controls 59 detention centre
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Border Controls 61 Any Colombian, R
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Border Controls 63 The most substan
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 65 l
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 67 s
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 69 d
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 71 a
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 73 o
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 75 P
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 77 G
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 79 a
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 81 I
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Refugees: Tightening the Screw 83 I
Page 110 and 111: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 85 d
Page 112 and 113: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 87 h
Page 114 and 115: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 89 t
Page 116 and 117: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 91 i
Page 120 and 121: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 95 E
Page 122 and 123: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 97 5
Page 126 and 127: Refugees: Tightening the Screw 101
Page 162 and 163: Resistance 137 movement against rac
Page 164 and 165: Resistance 139 1994 by Sir William
Page 166 and 167: Resistance 141 In the 1950s and 196
Page 168 and 169: Resistance 143 have been many organ
Page 170 and 171: Resistance 145 victory and, some ar
Page 172 and 173: Resistance 147 • The arguments wh
Page 174 and 175: 5 RE-OPEN THE BORDERS IMMIGRATION C
Page 176 and 177: Re-open the Borders 151 comparable
Page 178 and 179: Re-open the Borders 153 countries a
Page 180 and 181: Re-open the Borders 155 Hensman wro
Page 182 and 183: Re-open the Borders 157 maintain th
Page 184 and 185: Re-open the Borders 159 levels of i
Page 186 and 187: Re-open the Borders 161 IMMIGRATION
Page 188 and 189: Re-open the Borders 163 over £5,00
Page 190 and 191: Re-open the Borders 165 and the maf
Page 192 and 193: Re-open the Borders 167 goods and s
Page 194 and 195: Re-open the Borders 169 Subsequentl
Page 196 and 197: Re-open the Borders 171 public assi
Page 198 and 199: APPENDIX: MANIFESTO OF THE NO ONE I
Page 200 and 201: Appendix 175 state. Under immigrati
Page 202 and 203: Appendix 177 tions - that is the tr
Page 204 and 205: Appendix 179 Second, we are critica
Page 206 and 207: Appendix 181 and that both have a s
Page 208 and 209: Appendix 183 In France the sans-pap
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Bibliography 185 Cohen, S. (1988),
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Bibliography 187 Kindleberger, C. P
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ORGANISATIONS AND CAMPAIGNS Amnesty
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Organisations and Campaigns 191 Imm
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INDEX Abbott, Diane MP 85, 111 acco
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Index 195 demonstrations/protests 2
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Index 197 International Covenant on
Page 224 and 225:
Index 199 racist violence 24, 25, 2
Page 226:
Index 201 Women Against Rape (WAR)/
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Open%20borders%20The%20case%20against%20immigration%20controls%20-%20Teresa%20Hayter

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