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Gravity and Strings

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M2 M5<br />

d = 11<br />

KK7 KK9<br />

WM<br />

D8<br />

D6<br />

D2 D4<br />

D0<br />

IIA<br />

KK9A<br />

KK8A<br />

S5A KK6A KK7A<br />

F1A<br />

WA<br />

d = 10<br />

IIB<br />

D-1 WB D1 F1B<br />

D3 S5B D5<br />

KK6B D7 S7<br />

D9 S9<br />

T Duality<br />

Identical Solutions<br />

E-M Duality<br />

Direct Dimensional Reduction<br />

Double Dimensional Reduction<br />

Fig. 19.5. Duality relations between classical solutions of ten- <strong>and</strong> 11-dimensional<br />

supergravity theories: p-branes, M-branes, D-branes, waves, <strong>and</strong> Kaluza–Klein<br />

monopoles. Lines with two arrows denote T-duality relations; dashed lines denote<br />

S-duality relations. Lines with a single arrow denote relations of dimensional reduction,<br />

either vertical (direct dimensional reduction) or diagonal (double dimensional<br />

reduction). Pairs of branes in boxes are type-IIB S-duality doublets.

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