VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

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Program of prevention and control of fungus… / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 177-180 (2010) wealth and consumer protection’ has achieved a status of monitoring infestation of feed and food grain with mycotoxins in various units and sectors located in the Development Region Center. Action was initiated in early June in a maximum period of susceptibility to the incidence of mycotoxins deposit being made by the team of researchers from SCDCB Mures Tg Mures and SC AGROFITOPLANT PharmacyLtd. Sampling activity was made taking account of Regulation (EC) NO. 401/2006 laying down the procedures for sampling and analysis methods for official control of mycotoxins in food. In total 180 samples were taken from 44 production units, which have in operation a total: 14 450 ha of arable land, 8960 cattle, 29,170 porcine, 36,640 birds, 8792 sheep. Average area of farms covered operating is 328 hectares. Of the total samples: 145 samples were concentrated (maize grain, flour, PVM's, milk powder) and 35 samples of forage (silage, half hay, hay, grains, beet chips, etc.). [1] The quantification of mycotoxins in the samples, at the UMF Mures (Mures University of Medicine and Pharmacy) has developed a new method to quantify the simultaneous separation of mycotoxins by liquid chromatography HPLC using a DIONEX Ultimate 3000 with UV detection simultaneously on different channels. Optimization method was performed to determine simultaneously, using an ordinary system, more relevant mycotoxins present in samples of feed corn stored for eight months. Based on production and behavior have established multi fenophasic comparative cultural components subject to this project, DC M01 and M02 with wheat varieties, triticale and barley. (Table 1) Table 1. Crop ranking regarding yield DON and ZON. Specia/Soiu l Producti a medie (Kg/ha) Isc Ierarh i zare I GRAU 6920 Ariesan(Mt 6780,9 120,20 V 7243,5 161,01 I 178 II Ardeal 1 Magistral 7159,1 130,59 III Renan 6536,0 114,56 VI Exotic 7047,9 133,56 II Gasparom 7070,5 122,90 IV Turda 14/98 6671,0 105,98 VIII Apullum 6851,8 110,33 VII TRITICAL E 7699 Plai(Mt) 7798,7 120,20 III Titan 7971,4 123,85 II Trilstar 7501,8 104,89 V Stil 7590,3 117,51 IV 00474T1-1 7632,1 125,30 I II ORZ 6481 Gerlac(Mt) 6570,8 110,00 I Regal 6683,2 97,12 III Plaisant 6189,1 98,81 II For testing resistance to major pests and diseases of maize hybrids grown in the area was established in late April (2008.2009) a crop of corn hybrids compared with 24 (S = 1000 m) in the experimental field of the resort located in Sg Mures. The main observations made: plant vigor, flowering time, date of silk, drought resistance, Helminthosporium sp., Puccini sp., Ustillago sp. Attack of Fusarium sp., The number of sterile plants, the number of broken and fallen plants, resistance to attack pest and grain production. The content determination of mycotoxins was performed at UMF Targu Mures (University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Mures) SPC Mures (Mures Public Health Center) Promovert laboratories in Champagne, France (company Bayer). [1] 3. Results and Discussions Precision method for determining meets the minimum relative standard deviation (with values in a field of ± 15%) for quality control samples measured
Ioan Aurel Pop et al. / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 177-180 (2010) in both samples the same day and comparisons between samples from different days. Minimum limits of quantification for the three analytes / mycotoxins (2.88 ng / mL AflaB1, 2.88 ng / mL respectively OchrA 14.4 ng / mL Zeara) met the requirements of precision and accuracy so that the relative standard deviation to be included in a field ± 20% for both measurements on the same day as well as those performed on different days and the difference between mean calculated and nominal values (BIAS%) is also contained in a maximum field of ± 20%. Records on the evidence provided by corn and also on samples from various forage plants show an infestation of their importance to all three classes of mycotoxins, so Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A with zearalenone. Infestation levels are relatively high, regulated levels overruns are much more frequent and more significant if the first two Mycotoxins - Aflatoxin B1 respectively Ochratoxin A. Thus, the calculated values for concentrations of mycotoxin present in almost all unknown samples analyzed exceed permissible concentrations and regulated at European level. [2] High levels of mycotoxins found in animal feed and is probably due to the chosen period when this work started in early June, during which cereal stocks are running, close grain with a one year old storage warehouses before the process is Cleaning for storing grain harvest. Using production data obtained, the observations on different varieties fenophase attack on disease resistance, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone content in samples taken at harvest 16 varieties of cereals were ranked using a synthetic index calculated Isc this. Results show that there are differences between varieties in terms of mycotoxins but not the values obtained exceeding the maximum allowed by law (1250 ng / g DON, and 100 ng / g Zon). Maize, based on production, moisture at harvest, percentage of plants broken and fallen and observations of vegetation during the attack on disease resistance of a synthetic index was calculated to ease the process generally ranking of cultivars. Results of tests carried out in laboratories SC Bayer SRL Promovert in Champagne, France reinforce the lessons learned so far. Of the seven 179 variants examined only version control - untreated with fungicide containing deoxynivalenol was above the limit of quantitation of 220 ng / g, respectively 440 ng / g value in joining the legal permissible limit of 1250 ng / g DON. [1] % spice sanatoase 101 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 95 Martor netratat 100 100 Folicur Solo 250 EW 97 100 Tilt 250 EW Duett Ultra Produsul Prosaro 250 EC 97 97 Nativo 300 SC Falcon 460 EC Fig. 1. Fungicides effect in Fusarium removal from Ariesat wheat variety at Tg Mures. 4. Conclusions Interpreted data show that the current methodology for preparing samples for analysis / quantification of mycotoxin content of substances of category has limits too generous. Thus, extraction of these substances (of which there are complex matrices) respecting the standardized methods, shows a lower sensitivity, which leads to highlighting of quantities / concentrations lower than actual. .[2] The existence of evidence over the maximum levels allowable by law certify the importance of this research and the need for a regional research antimycotic. Climatic conditions of the agricultural year 2008 - 2009, characterized by high temperatures throughout the crop growing season and low rainfall than -114 mm limited attack foliar and ear diseases, and the effect of crop protection products was not very visible. For further research would require more years of study to catch different climates. Large assortment of hybrid corn study allows farmers to select hybrids with high production potential and adaptability to the conditions of the area. To limit the attack of diseases and in particular Fusarium in seed must be transmitted primarily by limiting attack Pyrausta which facilitates infection
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VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

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