VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

A characteristic of model habitatas in South Dobrudja /Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 33-44 (2010)
natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora [5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14].
2. Material and Methods
The field studies were conducted on the route
method in 2008 – 2009. Subject of research are a
total of 10 different habitats – 5 natural and 5
artificial. The natural habitats are defined by
Kavrakova et all. [15]. Each habitat is characterized
as follows: average altitude, exposure, slope, area,
soil type and subtype, base rock, cover of tree, shrub
and herbaceous vegetation, number of established
species, genera and families, cover of each species,
distribution in biological type, floristic elements,
endemites, subendemites and relict species, species
with conservation status, anthropophytes,
anthropogenic influence. The average altitude,
exposure, slope and area are defined with map at a
scale 1:50 000. The soil types and subtypes are
presented by Ninov [2]. The taxons and the biological
type are defined by Identifier of the vascular plants in
Bulgatia [16], Flora of PR Bulgaria, Vol. І – Х [17].
The update of the taxons is consistent with APG II
[18] and Petrova et all. [19]. The cover of each
species is presented by Braun-Blanquet [20]. The
following symbols are used: r – cover less than 5%,
one individual; + – cover less than 5%, 2-5
individuals; 1 – cover less than 5%, 6-50 individuals;
2m – cover less than 5%, more than 50 individuals;
2a – cover 5-12.5%; 2b – cover 12.5-25%; 3 – cover
25-50%; 4 – cover 50-75%; 5 – cover 75-100%. The
following symbols are used [16] for biological types:
t (from English tree), sh (from English shrub), p
(from English perennial), а (from English annual).
The floristic elements, endemites and subendemites
are presented by Asiov et all. [21]. The relicts are
presented by Gruev and Kuzmanov [22], Peev [23],
Boža et all. [24], Peev et all. [25]. The conservation
status is presented using the following documents:
Council Directive 92/43/EEC of the European
Community to protect natural habitats and of wild
fauna and flora [26], Berne Convention [27],
Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES) [28], Red book of PR Bulgaria [29], IUCN
Red List for Bulgaria [30], Biological Diversity Act
[27], Order for special arrangements for the
conservation and use of medicinal plants [31]. The
34
anthropophytes are presented by Stefanov and
Kitanov [32]. is recorded by the system of effects
used in the assessment of an object from the network
of protected areas Nature 2000.
3. Results and Discussion
HABITAT 1
A habitat by Nature 2000: Euro-Siberian
steppic woods with Quercus spp.
A habitat by Bondev [4]: Cerris oak (Querceta
cerris) forests.
It is located southwest of Efreitor Bakalovo
village, municipality Krushari. The territory is a part
of Nature 2000 (Protected area “Suha reka”). The
average altitude is 150 m. The exposure is south. The
slope varies in different parts. It is smaller in the
north and higher in southern parts. The area of the
habitat is 6 300 dka. The soil type is Chernozems,
and the soil subtype is haplic Chernozems. The
bedrock is limestone. The cover of the tree vegetation
is 80%, the cover of the shrub vegetation is 10% and
the cover of the herbaceous vegetation is 10%.
In the habitat have been indetified 78 species of
vascular plants from 67 genera and 27 families. The
families with greatest number of genera are as
follows: Asteraceae – 8 (11.94%), Poaceae – 8
(11.94%), Brassicaceae – 5 (7.46%) and Fabaceae –
5 (7.46%). The families with greatest number of
species are as follows: Poaceae – 10 (12.82%),
Rosaceae – 9 (11.54%), Asteraceae – 8 (10.26%),
Brassicaceae – 6 (7.69%), Fabaceae – 5 (6.41%),
Lamiaceae – 5 (6.41%) and Scrophulariaceae – 5
(6.41%). The genera with greatest number of species
are as follows: Veronica – with 4 species (5.13%),
Poa – with 3 species (3.85%) and Potentilla – with 3
species (3.85%).
With the highest percentage of coverage are
Quercus cerris L. (5) and Poa nemoralis L. (2a).
With the lowest percentage of coverage (1) are
Cornus mas L., Carduus nutans L. and Vicia sativa
L. Each of the remaining 73 species has coverage 2m.
The distribution of species in biological type is
as follows: The perennial herbaceous plants (p) are
most – they are 38 species (48.72%). Secondly, are