VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

Dinitrophenyl derivates action on wheat germination / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 73-77 (2010)
dinitroderivatives such as 2,4-dinitrophenetol, 2,4dinitroanisol,
3-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)propane-1,2-diol
and 2,4-dinitrophenyl-glutathione were synthesized.
Several solutions of dinitrophenyl ethers and
dinitrophenols with the concentrations 4x10 -3 M were
prepared. A blank with bidistilled water was also
carried out.
Equipment. The chemical syntheses were
carried out using the organic chemistry lab equipment
of the Chemistry Department of “Al. I. Cuza”
University of Iasi. The experiments and the
germination determinations were performed in Petri
dishes, on double Watmann no. 1 filter paper at room
temperature. The separation and purification of the
compounds obtained were carried out using thin layer
chromatography on silica gel (Kieselgel 60F254,
Merck) and on silica gel column. The infrared spectra
were taken on a Jasco FT/IR660Plus Fourier
spectrometer in the range from 0 to 15000 cm -1 .
Procedure. The germination parameters were
measured according to ISTA recommendations (Seed
Science and Technology, 1993), however we worked
also with lots of 50 seeds which were laid to
germinate on filter paper, in Petri dishes, in three
repetitions. The first count took place after three days
(energy of germination, EG), the second after 7 days
(germination rate, GR). The germinated, abnormal
and dead seeds as well as the resulting plantlets were
counted.
The treatment lasted for an hour, followed by
the distribution of the seeds uniformly in the Petri
dishes, on double filter paper, together with the
treatment solution. The seeds with a visible root were
considered germinated. The seeds were watered daily
with 5 ml of redistilled water. The plantlets were cut
at the level of the seeds 7 days after, measured and
weighed (height, H, in cm and mass, m, in grams).
Statistics. The results were processed using the
Tukey test [9]. The mean square deviation sx of the
samples was also calculated, as well as t factor, with
a view to compare the results obtained under the
action of different treatments.
3. Results and Discussion
As for the stimulative effect, the most active
substance in these experiments proved to be
resorcinol, which increased slightly by 5.5% and
74
phenylalanine by 6.3% the average mass of plantlets
as compared to the blank. 2,4-Dinitrophenol inhibited
total the germination process of wheat seeds, (Table
1).
1 2 3 4 5 6
Fig. 1. The biological effect of some nitrophenyl
derivatives and other compounds on wheat
germination. 1 – Blank (water); 2 – DNP; 3 – DNG;
4 – DNA; 5 – resorcinol; 6 – L-β-phenylalanine.
Table 1. The toxicity of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 3-
(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)propane-1,2-diol (DNG), 2,4dinitroanisol
(DNA), resorcinol and L-βphenylalanine
and at concentrations 4x10 -3 M in a
wheat seeds germination experiment.
Treatment *)
1 - Blank
(water)
2 - DNP,
4x10 -3 M
3 –DNG,
4x10 -3 M
4 – DNA,
4x10 -3 M
5 –
resorcinol,
4x10 -3 M
Germination
Rate
(G. R.)
Plantlets
size
(S, cm)
Average
of roots
mass
(m, mg)
90% 6.4+0.6 18.7+1.3
0% 0 0
42% 2.5+0.6 8.6+3.2
85% 4.6+0.6 13.9+0.1
83% 5.6+0.7 18.9+0.2
6 – L-βphenylalanine,
4x10 -3 M
87% 6.0+0.8 19.1+0.6
D (Tukey test) 4.3 1.3 1.2
The height of the plantles treated with 2,4dinitrophenol
(DNP), 3-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)propane-1,2-diol
(DNG), 2,4-dinitroanisol (DNA),
resorcinol and L-β-phenylalanine and at