VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

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Problems of the harmonizing environmental… / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 99-105 (2010) SACs areas can overlap. The Natura 2000 network already comprises more than 20,000 sites, covering almost a fifth of the EU territory. Besides this directive there are further relevant pieces of EU nature protection legislation referred to fish, summarized in Box 2. Box 2: EU nature (fish) protection related legislation • Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora • Council Directive 1999/22/EC relating to the keeping of wild animals in zoos • Council Regulation (EC) No. 338/97 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein Other EU legislation relevant to nature (fish) protection include: • Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (85/337/EEC), amended by Council Directive 97/11/EC, • Access to Environmental Information Directive (90/313/EEC), • Reporting Directive (91/692/EEC). 3.1.3 Legislative-normative acts of the Republic of Moldova. On June 1, 2010 database of legislativenormative acts of Republic of Moldova in the ichthyofauna domain and interdependent ones represents an impressive set of legal materials, namely: • 6 international environmental conventions to which Moldova is party; • 13 Laws of the Republic of Moldova; • 1 Presidential Decree of Republic of Moldova; • 44 acts of the Republic Moldova subordinate to laws, from wich 7 Decisions of Parliament, 35 Decisions of Government, 2 Acts of the Central Environmental Authority; • 1 Concept; • 2 Strategies; • 2 State Programs. The above mentioned has highlighted the importance of databases in this domain and the need to maintain and develop them. Analyse of the results obtained show that the development of legislations 102 and normative in the ichthyofauna domain is satisfactory. Political and social reforms from recent years have highlighted the need to harmonize legislativenormative acts, inclusive the ichthyofauna domain, to the international requirements, which will allow fulfilling the obligations of the Republic of Moldova Government, assumed by signing the international environmental conventions and facilitating the process of integration in European Union. In this context, there is evident the tendency and efforts for significant changes of legislative-normative acts of the Republic of Moldova, which started in last 5-6 years by applying the mechanism of their harmonizing to requirements of the international legislation and normative, and, in particular, to the European requirements, in accordance with international obligations of the country. However, we should mention that several legislative-normative acts from Republic of Moldova have prescriptive nature and contain general provisions that regulate, primarily, the relations of animal kingdom protection and conservation, the management of the state protected natural areas and others. There is poorly developed legislative base for protection of natural complexes, for creating a green housing (frame) and application of stringent measures for recovery of environmental condition, which have directly impacts the habitats of fish species, a special vulnerable species. In national legislation lacks the mechanism needed to optimal ensuring of the protection and conservation activities of natural habitats of many species of fish, as well as of communities of the aquatic plant and animals. 3.1.4 Legislative issues on the conservation of rare and vulnerable species Republic of Moldova legislation covers the most part of the activities of rational use and conservation of ichthyofauna species (Law on Animal kingdom (1995), Law on State Protected Areas Fund (1998), Law on fund of fisheries, fisheries and fish culture (2006), Red book of Moldova (2001). Special attention is devoted to rare and vulnerable fish species that are protected by several legislative acts, the main ones being: the Law on State Protected Areas Fund, which includes 15
Petru Cocirta, Olisea Gliga / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 99-105 (2010) species, the Red Book of Moldova - 12 species. We also note the primary importance of the Berne Convention (1979) to which Moldova is part from the year 1993. Harmonize national legislation with international and European requirements impose additional measures to conserve species of ichthyofauna. Were subjected to comparative analysis some legislative acts of Republic of Moldova and those more important international (European Red List (2009) [21], Council Directive 92/43/EEC [22] and the Berne Convention [23] regarding the status and the protection state of rare and vulnerable fish species. It were analyzed the status of 21 important species of fish presents on territory of the Republic of Moldova (Table 1). Table 1. Some important fish species of the Republic of Moldova under comparative analysis Name of Species Acts with species found Order Salmoniformes 1. Hucho-hucho (L) – Danube salmon or Huchen 2. Salmo salar (L) - Atlantic salmon 3. Umbra krameri(Walbaum) – European Mudminnow LAK, LPA, RB, ERL, CD, BC 1) ERL, CD, BC LAK, LPA, RB, BC Order Cipriniformes 4. Rutilus frisii Nordmann – LAK, LPA, RB, Black Sea Roach ERL, CD, BC 5. Leuciscus leuciscus (L) – Common Dace LAK, LPA, ERL 6. Leuciscus idus (L) LAK, LPA, RB, - Ide or Golden Orfe ERL, BC 7. Vimba-vimba (L) – Zarte LPA, ERL 8. Barbus barbus borysthenicus LAK, LPA, RB, (Dubowsky) – Borys ERL 9. Barbus meridionalis (Petenyi LAK, LPA, RB, Heckel) – Mediterranien Barbel ERL, CD, BC 10.Cobitis taenia (L) – Spined Loach CD, BC 103 11.Gobio albipinnatus CD, BC (Vladykov Fang) – White-finned Gudgeon 12.Rhodeus sericeus amarus CD, BC (Bloch) – European Bitterling Order Gadiformes 13.Lota lota (L) - Barbot LAK, LPA, RB, ERL Order Perciformes 14.Zingel zingel (L) – Zingel LAK, LPA, RB, ERL, CD, BC 15.Zingel streber (Siebold) - LAK, LPA, RB, Sreber ERL, CD, BC Order Acipenseriformes 16.Gimnocephalus schraetzer (L) - Schraetzer 17.Huso huso (L) - European Sturgeon 18.Acipenser guldenstaedti colchilus (V.Marti) – Russian Sturgeon 19.Acipenser stellatus (Pallas) - Sturry Sturgeon 20.Acipenster ruthenus (L) - Sterlet 21.Acipenster nudiventris (Lovetyki) – Bastard Sturgeon CD, BC LAK, LPA, RB, ERL, CD, BC LAK, LPA, RB, CD LAK, LPA, RB, CD, BC LPA, CD, BC CD Note: 1) LAK - Law on Animal Kingdom, LPA - Law on State Protected Areas Fund, RB - Red book of Moldova , ERL - European Red List, CD - Council Drective 92/43/EEC, BC - Bern Convention. Analysis demonstrates that of these above mentioned, only six species (Danube Salmon, Black Sea Roach, Mediterranean Barbel, Zingel, Streber, European Sturgeon) are covered by all legislation acts under review, 12 species are covered by the European Red List, 15 species - Council Directive 92/43/EEC and 15 species - Bern Convention, respectively. There were identified 9 species, which in accordance with requirements of Council Drective 92/43/EEC falling under Annex II and requires the designation of special areas of conservation, as wel as under the Bern Convention, ratified by the Moldovan Parliament decision No. 1546-XII of 23. 06. 93. But 5 of these species (Salmo salar, Cobitis taenia, Gobio albipinnatus, Rhodeus sericeus amarus,
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VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

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