VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

Dimcho Zahariev / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 33-44 (2010)
The anthropophytes are 80 species (77.67%).
They show a significant anthropogenic impact on the
habitat.
The anthropogenic influence on the habitat due
to the presence of: 1. Improved access to the habitat
by a system roads. 2. Arable land in the vicinity. 3.
Transmission line, passing through the territory. 4.
Grazing sheep and goats. 5. Pollution by garbage
from the two villages. 6. Artificial terracing of slopes.
HABITAT 4
A habitat by Nature 2000: Western Pontic
Paeonian steppes
It is located near Bejanovo village, municipality
General Toshevo. The territory is a part of Nature
2000 (Protected area “Kraimorska Dobrudja”). The
average altitude is 80 m. The exposure is northeast.
The slope is low and reaches 5°. The area of the
habitat is 650 dka. The soil type is Chernozems, and
the soil subtype is calcaric Chernozems. The bedrock
is limestone. The cover of the shrub vegetation is less
than 5% and the cover of the herbaceous vegetation is
70%. More than 25% of the ground is devoid of
vegetation cover.
In the habitat have been indetified 153 species of
vascular plants from 116 genera and 36 families. It is
the richest of plant species from the natural habitats.
The families with greatest number of genera are as
follows: Asteraceae – 13 (11.21%), Rosaceae – 12
(10.34%), Lamiaceae – 11 (9.48%), Poaceae – 11
(9.48%), Boraginaceae – 6 (5.17%), Brassicaceae – 6
(5.17%), Fabaceae – 6 (5.17%), Apiaceae – 5
(4.31%), Ranunculaceae – 5 (4.31%) and
Scrophulariaceae – 5 (4.31%). The families with
greatest number of species are as follows: Asteraceae
– 18 (11.76%), Rosaceae – 17 (11.11%), Lamiaceae
– 15 (9.80%), Poaceae – 14 (9.15%), Boraginaceae –
8 (5.23%), Caryophyllaceae – 8 (5.23%), Fabaceae –
7 (4.58%), Apiaceae – 6 (3.92%), Brassicaceae – 6
(3.92%), Ranunculaceae – 6 (3.92%), Euphorbiaceae
– 5 (3.27%), Rubiaceae – 5 (3.27%) and
Scrophulariaceae – 5 (3.27%). The genera with
greatest number of species are as follows: Euphorbia
– with 5 species (3.27%), Cerastium, Potentilla,
Prunus, Salvia and Silene – with 3 species each of
them (1.96%).
With the highest percentage of coverage (2b) are
Festuca pseudovina Hack. ex Wiesd., Poa pratensis
37
L. and Stipa capillata L. With the cover 1 are 14
species. With the lowest percentage of coverage are
Malus dasyphylla Borkh. (+) and Cydonia oblonga
Mill. (r). They are most likely carried by birds. Each
of the remaining 134 species has coverage 2m.
The distribution of species in biological type is
as follows: The perennial herbaceous plants (p) are
most – they are 88 species (57.52%). Secondly, are
annual herbaceous plants (a) with 38 species
(24.84%). The next is the transition group of annual
to biennial herbaceous plants (a-b) with 7 species
(4.58%). The trees (t) and the shrubs (sh) are 5
species each of them (3.27%). The biennial
herbaceous plants (b) are 4 species (2.61%). The
transition groups of annual to perennial herbaceous
plants (a-р), of biennial to perennial herbaceous
plants (b-p) and of shrubs to trees (sh-t) have 2
species each of them (1.31%).
The largest number of species (39) has
circumboreal origin. The next are species with
Mediterranean and European type of elements – with
37 species each of them. Thirdly, are the Pontic type
of elements with 21 species. The cosmopolitan are 6
species. Four of the species are Balkan endemites –
Achillea clypeolata Sibth. et Sm., Astragalus
spruneri Boiss., Chamaecytisus jankae (Vel.) Rothm.
and Potentilla emili-popii Nyar. Five of the species
are Balkan subendemites – Carduus thoermeri
Weinm., Centaurea napulifera Roch., Dianthus
pallens Sm., Ornithogalum sibthorpii Greut. and
Thesium simplex Vel. The remaining 3 species have
Alpine-Mediterranean, Oriental-Turanian and
Pannonian-Pontic origin.
Eight species with protection statute are
established: Paeonia tenuifolia L. is included in
Berne Convention, in Directive 92/43/ЕЕС and in the
Biological Diversity Act in the category “Protected”.
Potentilla emili-popii Nyar. is included in Berne
Convention, in Directive 92/43/ЕЕС, in the
Biological Diversity Act in the category „Declaration
of protected areas to protect habitat for species by
Directive 92/43/ЕEC” and in the category
„Protected”. Adonis vernalis L. is included in CITES
and in the Order for special arrangements for the
conservation and use of medicinal plants in the
category “Collecting herbs is prohibited from the
natural habitats”. Artemisia pedemontana Balb. is
included in IUCN Red List for Bulgaria in the