VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

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Marioara Trandafirescu et al. / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 55-59 (2010) Table 1. Behaviour of some cultivars roses to the attack of the main pathogens agents CULTIVARS Diplocarpon Sphaerotheca Phragmidium rosae pannosa var. rosae mucronatum G.A. Resistan G.A. Resistan G.A. Resistan (%) -ce class (%) -ce class (%) -ce class Brocade 7.2 S.A. 11.6 M.R. 12.3 M.R. Grand premiere 0 R 0 R 4.6 S.A. Creole 12.4 S.A. 6.5 S.A. 3.2 S.A. Traviata 0 R 1.2 R 14.6 M.R. Grand prix 32.4 S 0 R 0 R Horido 47.3 F.S. 1.0 R 3.6 R Apogee 0 R 0.8 R 0 R Luchian 0 R 4.2 S.A. 3.6 S.A. First love 1.2 R 17.6 M.R. 38.4 F.S. Concerto 3.7 R 9.7 S.A. 12.2 S.A. Konigin der Rosen 63.0 F.S. 14.2 M.R. 0 R Foc de tabără 4.1 R 1.6 R 1 R Miss Univers 26.3 S 0 R 0 R Chicago Peace 32.0 S 37.6 F.S. 22.8 S Kronenburg 34.6 S 17.6 M.R. 0 R Bel Ange 4.3 S.A. 0 R 0 R Cocotte 0 R 0 R 18.3 M.R. Samurai 1.6 R 3.6 R 4.3 R Monica 0 R 0 R 0 R Montezuma 17.4 M.R. 9.6 S.A. 4.5 S.A. Don Juan 3.6 R 0 R 0 R Grand Mogol 15.0 M.R. 2.0 R 42.6 F.S. Sutter’s Gold 11.7 S 42.6 F.S. 53.2 F.S. Effel Tour 0 R 3.6 S.A. 1.2 R Detroit 37.9 F.S. 6.4 S.A. 0 R Maria Callas 15.6 M.R. 0 R 1.2 R Simfonia albă 24.0 S 0 R 1.2 R Mabella 57.0 F.S. 10.2 M.R. 13.7 M.R. Pascali 12.2 S.A. 0 R 0.9 R Rumba 19.3 M.R. 6.9 S.A. 22.0 M.R. King’s Ranson 0 R 1.2 R 54.6 F.S. Baccara 6.3 S.A. 22.0 S 7.2 S.A. Superstar 1.2 R 3.6 R 12.6 M.R. Kordes Perfecta 51.2 F.S. 17.9 M.R. 21.3 M.R. Madame Meilland 0.7 R 7.3 S.A. 4.6 S.A. Coup Foudre 0 R 12.6 M.R. 17.2 M.R. Mr. Lincoln 2.6 R 0 R 0 R Dame de Coeur 7.2 S.A. 12.6 M.R. 42.1 F.S. Rose Gaujard 42.6 F.S. 51.8 F.S. 22.4 M.R. Carina 12.4 S.A. 6.3 S.A. 1.2 R Queen Elisabeth 3.2 R 1.2 R 0 R Eminance 1.2 R 2.6 R 0 R Mainzer Fastnacht 38.6 F.S 7.9 S.A. 9.6 S.A. Karla 13.0 M.R. 1.6 R 2.0 R Flamenco 19.3 M.R. 3.6 R 12.3 S.A. Ingrid Bergman 7.2 S.A. 14.6 M.R. 1.2 R Ambassador 1.2 R 6.2 S.A. 1.6 R Emerande d’or 0.6 R 38.6 F.S. 0 R Parfum 0 R 1.8 R 2.6 R Rubin 0 R 0 R 0 R 57 Fig. 2. Făinarea trandafirului – Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae Afterwards, the attack progressed covering almost entirely the leaves, which turn in yellow, then dried and fallen down. In this case the attack progressed also on the young floral buds of the sensible cultivars, which were covered by the mycelium felt and they could not open. Assessment of the data presented in the same table revel that, a high (natural) resistance to this damaging pathogen stroke manifested the cultivars: Grand Prix, Miss Univers, Maria Callas, Pascali, Simfonia albă, their vegetative organs were entirely clear from Sphaerotheca pannosa var rosae. fungi symptoms. At the other pole were the cultivars: Emerande d’or, Chicago Peace, Sutter’s Gold and Rose Gaujard which were rated as very sensible (V.S.), but they can be used as sensibility indicators. The attack produced by Phragmidium mucronatum fungi, was noticed at the end of the first decade of May and progressed until the last decade of September. In this month this pathogen attack frequency (F%) and the intensity (I notes) registered the highest values. From the beginning the disease progressed on all plants organs: leaves, young branches, stalks and floral buds (Fig. 3). On these organs was noticed the presence of some orange pustules representing the fungus ecidia.
Identification of some rose genitors with resistance... / Ovidius University Annals, Biology-Ecology Series 14: 55-59 (2010) Fig. 3. Rugina trandafirului – Phragmidium mucronatum In the last decade of May, on the inferior face of the plant leaves, small pale-yellow pustules occurs, representing the nest of uredospores which produce repeated secondary infections during the vegetation period. Starting with the second decade of June, on the inferior face of the plant leaves, was observed the presence of the black pustules representing the shelter of the teleutospores containing the resistance organs of the fungus. Among the cultivars that manifested a pronounced genetic resistance to the attack of this pathogen can be mentioned: Apogee, Bel Ange, Emerande d’or, Grand Prix, Kroenenburg, Kroningin der Roson, Miss Univers, Detroit, Rubin, Queen Elisabeth, Eminance. Their vegetative organs were entirely clear from pathogen signs all of the vegetation period. The vast majority of the other cultivar studied showed themselves as slightly attacked (SA) or medium resistant (MR). In the case of this pathogen, as was highlighted in table 1, very sensible cultivars (VS) manifested the cultivars Grand Mogol, Sutter’s Gold, King’s Ranson and First love. 4. Conclusions In the Romanian zone of Black Sea coast, the pathogens with economical importance for the roses grown in open fields are: Diplocarpon rosae Wolf, Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr) Lev var rosae Woron şi Phragmidium mucronatum (Pers) Schlecht. The rose cultivars Emerald d’or, Bel Ange, Apogee, Foc de tabără, Queen Elisabeth, Rubin, Parfum and Rubin, present genetic resistance for all three damaging agents and can be used as resistance genitors in the works carried out to bread new disease resistant rose cultivars. The fact that under the some climatic conditions, the rose cultivars manifest various attack degrees to the pathogens reveals that, the resistance is cultivars trait, which represent the key factor in prevention of the most damaging specific pathogens. 58 5. References [1] BEDIAN G., 1980. Rust (Phragmidium sp.) on roses, R.P.P., 59, 4, 1562. [2] BON Y., Bourdin J., Berthier G., 1978. Efficacité de quelques fongicides vis-á-vis de L’oidium du rosier (Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae), Phytiatrie – Phytopharmacie, 27 (3), 199-205. [3] CASTLENDINE P., Grout B.W.W., Roberts A.V., 1981. Cuticular resistance to Diplocarpon rosae, Transaction of the British Mycological Society, 47. [3] COSTACHE C., Costache M., Argatu Constanta, 1993. Rezultate preliminare privind comportarea unor soiuri de trandafir la atacul principalilor agenţi patogeni. Analele I.C.L.F. vol. XII, 119- 129. [4] HAGAN A. K., Gillian C. H., Fare D. C.,1987. Evaluation of new fungicides for control of rose black spot, Journal of Environmental Horticulture 6 (2), 67-69. [5] LÖSING H., 1988. Bekämpfung von Rosenrost, Deutsche Baumschule 40 (11), 518-519. [6] MORRISON L. S., 1978. Preliminary results on the evaluation of fungicides for the control of black spot of rose. Nursery Research Field Day P – 777, 59-60. [7] QVARNSTRÖM K., 1989. Control of black spot (Marssonina rosae) on roses, Växtskyddsnotiser 53 (3), 58-63. [8] PALMER L. T., Salac S. S., 1978. Reaction of several types of roses to black spot fungus, Diplocarpon rosae, Indian Phytopathology 30 (3), 366-368. [9] ROLIM P. R. R., Toledo A. C. D., Cardoso R. M. G., Brignani Neto F., Oliveira D. A., 1990. Comparison of fungicides for control of rose black spot (Diplocarpon rosae) and powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae), Summa Phytopathologicals 16 (3-4), 269-274. [10] SAUNDERS P. J. W., 1970. The resistance of some cultivars and species of Rosa to Diplocarpon rosae Wolf causing black spot disease, Natn. Rose, A., 118-128. [11] SEMINA S. N., Klimenco Z. K., 1976. Evaluation of garden rose gene pool for
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VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

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