VOLUM OMAGIAL - Facultatea de Ştiinţe ale Naturii şi Ştiinţe Agricole

The plants with protection statute, endemites and relicts.../ Ovidius University Annals of Biology-Ecology 14: 25-31 (2010)
(i.e. mosses not counted) described in that source. Our
studies [14] show that the number of vascular plants
on the territory of the entire plateau is 786 species.
According to the forest development project of
the Shumen Forestry [15], a total of 16 species have
conservation statute and are included in the Red book
of PR Bulgaria [16]. Seven of the species are
endangered: Aesculus hippocastanum L., Anacamptis
pyramidalis C. Rich., Anemone sylvestris L.,
Castanea sativa Mill., Galanthus nivalis L.,
Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng., Paeonia
tenuifolia L. Nine of the species are rare: Atropa
belladonna L., Celtis caucasica Willd., Cercis
siliquastrum L., Cyclamen coum Mill., Fibigia
clypeata (L.) Medic., Fritillaria pontica Wahl.,
Haplophyllum thesioides G. Don., Jurinea ledeborii
Bunge., Pastinaca umbrosa Stev. ex DC. Six of these
species are protected by the Biological Diversity Act
(BDA) [17]: Aesculus hippocastanum L., Anacamptis
pyramidalis C. Rich., Anemone sylvestris L.,
Cyclamen coum Mill., Galanthus nivalis L.,
Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng.
Six of the plateau species are listed in the Red
Book of the district Shumen [18]. Two of them are
endangered: Lilium martagon L. and Campanula
euxina (Vel.) Ancev. Four of the species are rare:
Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng., Anacamptis
piramidalis (L.) Rich., Ruscus hyppoglosum L. and
Galium paschale Forsskal.
In the Management Plan of the National Park
Shumensko Plateau [2] are found 18 species with
conservation statute that are also listed in the Red
book of PR Bulgaria. Five of them are in the category
“endangered”: Anemone sylvestris L., Colchicum
davidovii Stefanov, Galanthus nivalis L., Ruta
graveolens L., Veronica spicata L. Thirteen species
fall into the category “rare”: Anthemis regis-borisii
Stoj. et Acht., Anthemis rumelica (Velen.) Stoj. et
Acht., Celtis caucasica Willd., Cyclamen coum Mill.,
Erodium hoefftianum C. A. Meyer, Fibigia clypeata
(L.) Medic., Fritillaria graeca Boiss. & Spruner,
Fritillaria pontica Wahl., Galium bulgaricum Vel.,
Haplophyllum thesioides G. Don., Hedysarum
tauricum Pallas ex Willd., Jurinea ledeborii Bunge.,
Pastinaca umbrosa Stev. ex DC.
2. Material and Methods
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Our study of the flora of the Shoumen Plateau
was conducted on the route method in 1998 – 2009.
The names of the taxons are taken from the Flora of
PR Bulgaria, Vol. І – Х [12]. The update of the
taxons is consistent with APG II [19].
The endemites are represented by Asiov et all.
[20].
The relicts are represented by Gruev and
Kuzmanov [21], Peev [22], Boža et all. [23], Peev et
all. [24].
The conservation statute is recognized using the
following documents: Council Directive 92/43/EEC
of the European Community to protect natural
habitats and of wild fauna and flora [3], Convention
on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) [25], Red book of PR
Bulgaria [16], IUCN Red List for Bulgaria [26],
Biological Diversity Act [17], Order for special
arrangements for the conservation and use of
medicinal plants [27].
3. Results and Discussion
The analysis of the received data leads to the
following results and conclusions: Two species,
Anacamptis pyramidalis C. Rich. and
Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng., of the 16
protected and listed as endangered species in the
forest development project of the Shumen Forestry
do not fall into any category protected by the Red
Book of PR Bulgaria. They are listed as “rare” in the
Red Book of the district Shumen. Furthermore, in the
Red List of the Bulgarian vascular plants, they are
given similar status – “ vulnerable”. Three of the
species: Atropa belladonna L., Castanea sativa Mill.
and Paeonia tenuifolia L. we did not find on the
territory of the plateau. Himantoglossum hircinum
(L.) Spreng. is incorrectly recorded as located in
Bulgaria and should be replaced with the correct
species name, Himantoglossum caprinum (Bieb.) C.
Koch. The name Celtis caucasica Willd. is obsolete,
now replaced by Celtis glabrata Steven.
As a result of several years of observations, we
found that populations of the following species have
increased: Anacamptis pyramidalis C. Rich.,
Cyclamen coum Mill., Galanthus nivalis L.,
Himantoglossum caprinum (Bieb.) C. Koch., Lilium
martagon L. and Ruta graveolens L. Therefore, they
are not really endangered anymore.