INDUSTRIAL LAND IN A POST-INDUSTRIAL CITY District of ...

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District of Columbia Industrial Areas Study DC Office of Planning Prepared by Phillips Preiss Shapiro Associates, Inc. However, PDR is in general less prevalent in the District than is the national norm. Table 2.2 provides Location Quotients for DC’s PDR sectors, using both the national economy and the Metropolitan Region’s economy as a point of comparison. The location quotient is the ratio of local employment share to employment share in the reference region economy. Quotients greater than one indicate specialization; those smaller than one indicate that the industry accounts for a smaller amount of total employment than in the reference region. This analysis shows that DC only has PDR specializations in media-related companies and Personal and Laundry services. For this latter industry, the District has less of a concentration than the region, supporting findings from interviews that such support services not needing rapid turn-around times are tending to choose suburban locations for reasons of cost and quality and availability of space. In spite of assumptions regarding the decline of industry, overall PDR employment in the District has been steady over the past several years, with declines in some sectors (manufacturing) being offset by growth in other sectors (construction and warehousing). Interviews suggest that steady PDR employment is a result of the growing stability of the District’s political environment, which stemmed the outflow of businesses and made the city a more viable option for businesses considering relocation. The following table provides an overview of employment trends for the past five years by major industry sector. It shows PDR employment increasing very modestly over this time period, with an overall growth rate slower than the District economy has a whole. Table 2.3: Employment Change in PDR Industries, District of Columbia, 1999 – 2004 Employment (000s) Employment Change Annual % Absolute Growth NAICS Industry 1999 2004 (000s) Rate -- Total Employment 627.4 672.4 45.0 1.40% 31-33 Manufacturing 3.8 2.5 -1.3 -8.03% 23 Construction 9.6 12.3 2.7 5.08% 42 Wholesale Trade 4.3 4.5 0.2 0.91% 22 Utilities 2.5 ND -- -- 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 5.1 3.4 -1.7 -7.79% 51 Information 23.7 23.8 0.1 0.08% 5617 Services to Buildings and Dwellings 12.1 12.4 0.3 0.49% Total change, PDR Industries 0.3 Source: Prepared by the Department of Employment Services Office of Labor Market Research and Information Consistent with findings that most PDR users looking for space in DC’s industrial zones are looking for small blocks of space, an overview of PDR sectors by establishment size confirms - 25 -
District of Columbia Industrial Areas Study DC Office of Planning Prepared by Phillips Preiss Shapiro Associates, Inc. that small companies dominate the PDR landscape, with small firms of 19 or fewer employees accounting for 80 percent of all PDR establishments. Percent of Establishments 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Chart 2.1: PDR Establishments by Size, 2003 1-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100- 249 Establishment Size - 26 - 250- 499 500- 999 1000+ Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2003 County Business Patterns, District of Columbia 2.1.2 BACKWARD LINKAGES WITH CORE INDUSTRIES DC’s core industries, such as professional services and hospitality, purchase inputs from many other linked industries, including PDR industries. To address these linkages quantitatively, it is necessary to know in detail the purchasing patterns of core industries as they relate to goods and services demanded of other industries. While no local data set is available, the Bureau of Economic Analysis does compile such accounting for the nation as a whole. Known as “Input- Output” accounts, these I-O tables track what impact an increase in output from a specific industry has on an array of other industries, in terms of output, earnings and employment. The BEA further adjusts these national accounts for specific regions, through a methodology that uses location quotients, to create regional I-O models. This model is known by the acronym RIMS, which stands for Regional Input-output Modeling System.
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